中英文化差异对称呼语的影响.docx

中英文化差异对称呼语的影响.docx

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中英文化差异对称呼语的影响

OnAddressingTermsInfluencedbyCulturalDifferencesBetweenChineseandEnglish

Abstract:

Addressingtermsaretheimportantpartsoflanguage.Everylanguagehasitsownspecificaddressingsystemanditsusageiscloselyrelatedwiththeculturalbackground.Addressingternsareeasilyobservedinpeople’sdailyutterances.Theyplayasignificantinthesmoothdevelopmentofawholecommunicationprocess.Appropriateaddressingtermsarecrucialforeffectivecommunicationandsuccessfulmaintenanceofinterpersonalrelationships.原创英语毕业论文请咨询QQ253771735Thisthesisattemptstodrawacross-culturalcomparisonofaddressingtermsbetweenChineseandEnglishfromtheirsimilarityanddifferences.Italsogoesbeneaththesurfaceandexplorestheculturaldifferencesinvaluesystemsandphilosophicalsourcesofdifferencesintheseaspects.Thisstudywillhelppeopleknowmoreaboutaddressingtermsunderdifferentculturalbackgroundsandtherebyincreasemutualunderstanding,enhancetheircommunicationlevelandestablishgoodrelationships.

Keywords:

Addressingterms;Culturaldifferences;Influence

中英文化差异对称呼语的影响

摘要：

称呼语是语言的重要组成部分,每种语言都有其特有的称呼体系。

称呼语与其文化背景密切相关，受到文化的影响并且反映文化。

称呼语在人们的日常会话中显而易见，为整个交际过程的顺利进行起了重要作用。

适当的称呼语对有效地沟通与维持成功的人际关系至关重要。

本论文试对英语和汉语这两种语言称呼语的异同进行对比研究，同时也探讨其表象下价值体系和哲学来源地文化差异。

这一研究无疑会有助于人们对不同文化背景下的称呼语的了解，从而增进彼此间的了解，提高人与人之间的交流水平，建立良好的人际关系。

关键词：

称呼语；文化差异；影响

Content

Abstract...............................................................................................................................................1

Keywords...........................................................................................................................................2

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................21TheintroductionofAddressingterms................................................................................3

1.1Definitions.....................................................................................................................................4

1.2Classification................................................................................................................................5

1.3functions.......................................................................................................................................7

1.3.1Expressivefunction...................................................................................................................8

1.3.2Directivefunction.....................................................................................................................9

2ThesimilaritiesofEnlishandChineseAddressingterms.........................................10

2.1TitlesinAddressingterms..........................................................................................................10

2.2ZeroAddressingterms...............................................................................................................11

3ThedifferencesofEnglishandChineseAddressingterms...............................................11

3.1Thekinshipterms.......................................................................................................................11

3.2ThegenderdifferencesofAddressingterms.....................................................................…...12

Conclusion...............................................................................................................................15

Notes.......................................................................................................................................17

Bibliography............................................................................................................................17

Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................18

Introduction

Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandculture,theinterculturalcommunicationincreasesrapidlyallovertheworld.Asamatteroffact,addressingtermsplayansignificantroleininterculturalcommunication.Asanimportantkindofcommunicationlanguage,theymakeuponeofthemostimportantpartsoflanguagesystemsandreflectthespeaker'sandaddressee'sroleandidentity,familyandsocialstatus,intimacyorremotenessoftheirrelationshipaswellastheirlikesanddislikes.Addressingtermsarethepreludetopersonalassociationandtheirproperusearetheprerequisitetoachievetheaimofpersonalcontact.Inmanycircumstances,addressingtermsaretheveryfirstmessageconveyedtotheaddressee.Sometimesasimpleaddressingtermcantaketheplaceofalongsentenceinconveyingaprofoundmeaning.Addressingisasystematic,variablesocialphenomenon.Differentnationhasitsownuniqueaddressingsystem.Addressingtermsareimportantaswellasfrequentineverydaysocialinteractionsallovertheworld.原创英语毕业论文请咨询QQ253771735Appropriateaddressingbehavioriscrucialfortheestablishmentandmaintenanceofinterpersonalrelationships.

Fromtheearlydaysinhumanhistory,addressingtermshavecaughtscholars'attentionbothhomeandabroad.Westernscholars'researchonaddressingtermsroughlybeganinthe1950's.Sincethen,sociolinguistsandpsycholinguistshavemadesomeremarkableachievementsinthestudyofaddressingterms.Theyhavepresentedaddressingsystemsandtherulesthatgovernthechoiceofaddressingterms.Amongthem,themostrenownedstudyonaddressingtermsisdonebyBrownandGilmaninthe1950s.They'vemadedetailedstudyontheusageofVform,thatis,thetermBrownandGilmanusetodesignatethedeferentialpronouninanyofthelanguages,takingthefirstletterfromLatinvos,whichisanalogousto“您”（nin）inChineseandTform,thatis,thefamiliarpronoun,fromLatintu,whichissimilarto“你”（ni）inChinese.Laterinthe1960sand1970s,theaddressingtermsystemofAmericanEnglishwasanalyzedbyBrownandFordandErvin-Tripp.Ervin-TripptookaquitedifferentapproachtothestudyofAmericanEnglishaddressingterms.Shepresentstheaddressingtermsystemasaseriesofchoicesusingthecomputerflowchartformat.ResearchesdonebyfamousChinesescholarsincludethosebyChaoYuenren,ChenSongcen,ZhuWanjinandTianHuigang,amongwhomTian'sresearchonChineseandWesternaddressingtermsismoresystematicanddetailed.Theseresearches,thoughfruitful,areonlyconfinedtothescopeofsociolinguistics.

原创英语毕业论文请咨询QQ253771735Inrecentyearsmanypragmatistsalsoshowastronginterestinstudyingthefunctionsandmeaningsofaddressingterms.Onthebasisofthesestudiesofsociolinguistcs,philosoghy,pragmaticsandculturology,thepaperattemptsasystemanticinvestigationonculturalsimilarityanddifferenceofaddressingtermsbetweenChineseandEnglish.Theprincipalmethodusedinthisdissertationiscomparativeanalysis,becausecomparisonisoneimportantandeffectiveapproachtogettheessenceoftwosimilarmatters.AndacomparativestudyisalsomadeforthepurposeofguidingEnglishlanguageteachingandinterculturalcommunication.

Theaddressingtermstudytouchesawiderangeofdisciplinessuchashistoricallinguistics,etymology,grammar,psychology,anthropology,ethnology,philosophy,sociolinguists,pragmaticsandculturology,etc.ThepapercontributesaverysmallparttothisbroadissuesinceaddresstermsconcernedinthepaperarelimitedtotheverygeneralphenomenoninChineseandEnglishspeakingcountries.Someotherfactorssuchasfamilybackground,powerandsolidarity,axiologyoutlookandculturalorientation,whicharecoveredinthepresentstudy,mayprovetoplayanimportantroleintheuseofaddressingterms.However,toacertaindegree,thesefactorsareanalyzedinasubjectiveperspectivewithoutinvolvingadetailedquestionnaireonaddressingterms.So,moreresearchesincludingsometestsareneeded.Variationoftheaddressingtermsarebecomingasubjectoftheresearchers.Inthefuturestudy,thestudyofgroupvariationandindividualdifferenceaswellastheuniformitywillgetmoreandmoreattention.

Havingagoodunderstandingaboutaddressingterms,wecouldmakefulluseofthemtostartcross-culturalcommunicationandthenbuildabetterinterpersonalrelationship.Thisdissertationiscomposedoffourparts.Thefirstpartpresentsdefinitionandfunction.ThesecondandthirdpartsanalysisaddressingtermsfromtheirsimilarityanddifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishrespectively.Finally,theauthormakeaconclusionofaddressingtermsinfluencedbyculturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish.

1Theintroductionofaddressingterms

Addressingtermsareanimportantandnecessarypartinhumanlanguageandalsocommonphenomenainverbalcommunicationindailylifeanduniversalacrossdifferentcultures.Thereforepeopleshouldtakecareoftheirusesindailycommunicationsandinteractionsinordertoachievebetterunderstandingandachieveharmoniousrelationshipintheirspeechcommunities.Herearethebasicinformationaboutthem.

1.1Definitions

Addressingtermsarefrequentlyusedindailycommunications.Todefineithowever,isnotaneasytaskbecauseitinvolvesmanyaspects.Therearevariousdefinitionsmadefromdifferentperspectives,abriefreviewofwhichmaythrowlightonourunderstanding.

l）Addressingtermisthewordorwordsusedtoaddresssomebody,inspeechorwriting.[1]

2）Anaddressingtermisatermusedtorefertoortonameapersondirectlyinspeechorwriting.[2]

3）Addressingtermsarethewordsspeakersusetodesignatethepersontheyaretalkingtowhiletheyaret