度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题.docx

度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题.docx

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度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1　I'dverymuchliketoknowwhatyouraiminlifeis.

A　thought

B

idea

C　goal

D

plan

2　Thepolicemenactedquicklybecauseliveswereatstake

A　indanger

B

indifficulty

C　indespair

D

outofcontrol

3　Practicallyallanimalscommunicateeitherthroughsoundsorthroughsoundlesscodes.

A

Certainly

B　Probably

C

Almost

　D　Absolutely

4　MaryrarelyspeakstoSusan.

A　slowly

B

seldom

C　weakly

D

constantly

5　I'mworkingwithaguyfromLondon

A　teacher

B

student

C　friend

D

man

6　You'dbetterputthesedocumentsinasafeplace

A　dark

B

secure

C　guarded

D

banned

7　Thecourageousboyhasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.

A　extensive

B

continuous

C　instant

D

quick

8　Thetownisfamousforitsmagnificentbuildings

A　high-rise

B

modern

C　ancient

D

splendid

9　Thegreatchangeofthecityastonishedallthevisitors.

A　surprised

B

scared

C　excited

D

moved

10Jackpackedupallthethingshehadaccumulatedoverthelasttenyears.

A　future

B

far

C　past

D

near

11Wouldyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaspossible?

A　visit

B

phone

C　consult

D

invite

12Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents

A　speech

B

question

C　talk

D

debate

13Thechairmanproposedthatwestopthemeeting.

A　stated

B

announced

C　demanded

D

suggested

14Obviouslythesepeoplecanbereliedoninacrisis.

A　livedon

B

dependedon

C　believedin

D

joinedin

15ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathletebreaksarecord

A　beats

B

maintains

C　matches

Dtries

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

RadiocarbonDating

Nowadaysscientistscananswermanyquestionsaboutthepastthroughatechniquecalledradiocarbon（放射性碳）,orcarbon-14,dating.Onekeytounderstandinghowandbysomethinghappenedistodiscoverwhenithappened.

Radiocarbondatingwasdevelopedinthelate1940sbyphysicistWillardF.LibbyatheUniversityofChicago.Anatomofordinarycarbon,calledcarbon-12,hassixprotons（中子）andsixneutrons（质子）initsnucleus.Carbon-14,orC-14,isaradioactive,unstableformofcarbonthathastwoextraneutrons（原子核）.Itreturnstoamorestableformofcarbonthroughaprocesscalleddecay（衰减）.Thisprocessinvolvesthelossofheextraneutronsandenergyfromthenucleus.

InLibby'sradiocarbondatingtechnique,theweakradioactiveemissions（放射）fromhisdecayprocessarecountedbyinstrumentssuchasaradiationdetectorandcounter.HedecayrateisusedtodeterminetheproportionofC-14atomsinthesamplebeingdated.

Carbon-14isproducedintheEarth'satmospherewhennitrogen（氮）-14,orN-14,

interactswithcosmicrays（宇宙射线）.ScientistsbelievesincetheEarthwasformed,themountofnitrogenintheatmospherehasremainedconstant.Consequently,C-14formationisthoughttooccurataconstantrate.NowtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsintheatmosphereisknown.Mostscientistsagreethatthisratioisusefulfordatingitemsbacktoatleast50,000years.

AlllifeonEarthismadeoforganicmolecules（分子）thatcontaincarbonatomscomingfromtheatmosphere.SoalllivingthingshaveaboutthesameratioofC-14

atomstoothercarbonatomsintheirtissues（组织）.Onceanorganism（有机体）diesittopstakingincarboninanyform,andtheC-14alreadypresentbeginstodecay.OvertimetheamountofC-14inthematerialdecreases,andtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsgoesdown.Intermsofradiocarbondating,thefewerC-14atomsinasample,theolderthatsampleis.

16　Nowadaysmanyscientistsdependonradiocarbonfordatingage-oldobjects

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

17　Theradiocarbondatingtechniqueisonlyabout40yearsold

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

18　Anatomofordinarycarbonhassixprotonsandeightneutrons

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

19　Radarisusedtodeterminethecharacteristicsofradiocarbon.

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

20　Radiocarbonisreliableindatinganobjectbacktoatleast50,000years.

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

21　Whenanorganismdies,theC-14initbeginstodecay.

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

22　Thehalf-lifeofC-14isabout25,000years.

A

Right

B　Wrong

C

Notmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个确定1个最佳选项。

MeetYourMemory

1　Memoryissomethingthatcannotbeseen,touchedorweighed.Itisthoughttobeabstract.Itisasetofskillsratherthananobject.Neitheristhereasinglestandardforjudgingagoodorpoormemory.Thereareanumberofdifferentwaysinwhichapersonmayhavea'good'memory.

2　Memoryisgenerallyviewedasconsistingofthreestages:

（1）acquisitionreferstolearningthematerial;

（2）storagereferstokeepingthematerialinthebrainuntilitisneeded;and（3）retrieval（提取）referstogettingthematerialbackoutwhenitisneeded.

3　Memoryconsistsofatleasttwodifferentprocesses:

short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Short-termmemoryhasalimitedcapacityandarapidforgettingrate.Itscapacitycanbeincreasedbychunking（组成大块）,orgroupingseparatebitsofinformationintolargerchunks.Long-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacity.

4　Onemeasureofmemoryisrecall,whichrequiresyoutoproduceinformationbysearchingthememoryforit.Inaidedrecall,youaregivencues（提示）tohelpyouproducetheinformation.Infree-recalllearningyourecallthematerialinanyorder;inseriallearningyourecallitintheorderitwaspresented;andinpaired-associatelearningyoulearnpairsofwordssothatwhenthefirstwordisgivenyoucanrecallthesecondword.Asecondmeasureofmemoryisrecognition,inwhichyoudonothavetoproducetheinformationfrommemory,butmustbeabletoidentifyitwhenitispresentedtoyou.Inathirdmeasureofmemory,relearning,thedifferencebetweenhowlongittooktolearnthematerialthefirsttimeandhowlongittakestolearnitagainindicateshowmuchyouremember.Relearningisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasureofmemorythanisrecognitionbecauserelearningshowsretention（保持）whilerecognitiondoesnot.Recognitionisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasurethanrecall.

23　Paragraph1（）　　　　

24　Paragraph2（）　　　　　

25　Paragraph3　（）　　　　

26　Paragraph4　（）　　　　

A　Whydoweforgetthings?

B　Howdowemeasurememory?

C　Whatarethestagesmemoryconsistsof?

D　Whatisthedifferencebetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory?

E　Whatismemory?

F　Whomayhaveapoormemory?

27　Rememberinginvolvesgettingthematerialbackoutwhenitis（）　　　　　

28　Groupingbitsofinformationintolargerchunkshelpsimprovethecapacityof（）

our　（）　　　　

29　Long-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacityanda　（）　　　　

30　Asameasureofmemory,relearningismoresensitivethan（）　　　　　

A　short-termmemory

B　relearning

C　needed

D　coded

E　recognition

F　slowforgettingrate

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

LightNight,DarkStars

Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文学家）withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）inBoulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedbycitylights,hesays,they'reluckytosee150stars.

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance,you'vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,office（照亮）thenightbuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminates~sky.Thishaze（朦胧）oflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult.

Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsoflightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother,"Wardsays,"thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring（使变模糊）thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'sclearthatartificiallightcanattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse.There'sincreasingevidence,forexample,thatmigrating（迁徙）birdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,"hesays,"ithasaverydisruptive（破坏性的）influence."Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers,high-rises,andcablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

31　Onaclearnight,peoplecansee

A　150stars.

B　hundredsofstars.

C　onethousandstars.

D　morethan14,000stars.

32　Lightpollutionoccurswhen

A　artificiallightsilluminatethenightsky.

Bthemoonlightsupthenightsky.

Ctoomanystarsarevisibleinthenightsky

Dstreetlightsareturnedoff.

33　Nowadaysevensuburbsarebecomingunsuitableforscientiststodotheirjobsbecause

A　thenightskythereistoodark.

B　theoncedarkar