英语本科毕业论文从女性主义视角分析《飘》管理资料.docx

英语本科毕业论文从女性主义视角分析《飘》管理资料.docx

《英语本科毕业论文从女性主义视角分析《飘》管理资料.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语本科毕业论文从女性主义视角分析《飘》管理资料.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

英语本科毕业论文从女性主义视角分析《飘》管理资料

AnalysisofGonewiththewindfromthe

PerspectiveofFeminism

从女性主义视角分析《飘》

Abstract

Asagreatmasterinthemodernliteraryworld,AmericanfemalewriterMargaretMitchellgainsaworld-widereputationmerelyonthestrengthofhersingularworkGonewiththeWind.AsthefirstnovelwhichdepictsAmericanCivilWarfromwomen’sperspective,Margaretfocusesonthesufferingsfromthewarofthosewomenwhostayathomeandtheirdifficultjourneyofreconstruction.Eversinceitspublicationin1936,GonewiththeWindhasreceivedextensiveattentionfromliteraryworld.Literarycritics,onthebasisoftheirrespectiveknowledgeandunderstanding,havegivendifferentevaluationsaboutthisnovel.MostoftheirresearchesconcentrateonthehistoricalbackgroundofAmericanCivilWar,theabolitionistthought,Scarlett’sparticularcharactersandtheculturaldiscrepancybetweentheNorthandtheSouth.Meanwhilemanyreadersonlytreatthisnovelasasimplelovestory,fascinatedbyitsintricateandmovingnarrationyetneglectingitsimplicitideologicalvalues.Startingfromthefeministicperspective,thisthesiswillelaborateonwomen’ssocialstatusandvalues,aseriesofvividfemaleimages,andtherelationshipbetweennatureandwomen,therebytoanalyzetheawakeningoffemaleself-consciousnessreflectedinthisnovelanditsimmenseandpositiveeffectonthecauseofwomen’sliberation.

KeyWords:

GonewiththeWindwomenfeminismeco-feminism

摘要

美国女作家玛格丽特·米歇尔作为现代世界文坛巨匠，凭借其唯一的一部作品《飘》就名扬天下，成为美国文学史一颗耀眼的明星。

作为第一部从南方女性角度叙述美国内战的小说，玛格丽特着重描写了留在后方家里的妇女饱受战乱之苦的体验和感受以及战后立志重建家园的艰辛历程。

自从1936年《飘》问世以来，就受到了文学界广泛的关注，评论家们基于自己的认识和理解给出了各自不同的评价。

多数研究主要集中于美国南北战争的历史背景，废奴主义思潮，斯嘉丽独特的个性以及南北方文化的差异上，许多读者也只把它当成一部通俗的言情小说，着迷于其中曲折动人的爱情故事，却忽视了其中蕴含的思想价值。

而本文将从女性主义视角入手，从女性的地位与价值，一系列个性鲜明的女性形象，以及自然与女性的关系加以阐释，由此分析这部作品体现的女性自我意识的觉醒以及其在推动三四十年代女性觉醒和解放运动的地位和作用。

关键词：

《飘》妇女女性主义生态女性主义

Contents

Ⅰ.Introduction

Ⅱ.BackgroundofMargaretMitchell’sage

A.Women’ssocialstatusinAmericansocietyreflectedinthenovel

B.SocialinfluencesonMargaretMitchell’sfemalesense

1.Awakeningofwomen’sconsciousnessandpushingofanti-slaverymovement

2.Feministicmovement’sattackonAmericansoutherncultureandtheauthor

Ⅲ.Feminismreflectedbytypicalfemalecharacters

A.FeminisminScarlettO’Hara

1.Fightagainsttraditionalconventionsandemphasisonself-consciousness

2.Dedicationofloveandunremittingseekforherownhappiness

3.Pursuitofeconomicindependenceandself-actualization

B.FeminisminEllenO’Hara

1.Pursuitoftrueloveandfreemarriage

2.Modelmother

（a）.Establishmentofstandardmannersforothers

（b）.Livingandspiritualbackboneofthefamily

IV.Eco-feminismreflectedinGonewiththewind

A.Introductionofeco-feminism

B.Eco-feminismreflectedbytwonaturalimagesinthenovel

1.Eco-feminismbytheimageofearth

2.Eco-feminismbytheimageofhouse

（a）.HouseofGerald

（b）.HouseofMelanie

（c）.HouseofScarlett

V.Conclusion

Ⅰ.Introduction

GonewiththeWind,themasterpieceofAmericanfemalewriterMargaretMitchellisoneofthemostdistinguishedrepresentativeworksofAmericanliteratureandcanbecomparablewithTolstoy'sWarandPeace.Merelyonthestrengthofthisnovel（hersingularwork）,theauthorMargaretgainsaworld-widereputation.Havingbrokenthesalesrecordsimmediatelyuponitspublicationandbeentranslatedintosomedozensofforeignlanguages,itisnotonlywidelyreadandproclaimedintheUnitedStates,butalsoremainsitseternalpopularitythroughoutthewholeworld.

However,quiteafewliterarycriticsregardGonewiththeWindasasimplelovestoryandmanyreadersarealsomerelyfascinatedbyitsintricateandmovingnarration,yetneglectingitsimplicitideologicalvalues.Ifitisexclusivelyanexotericlovestory,canitstillcastsuchanenduringliteraryspellafterdecades?

Theanswerisdefinitelynot.Thereasonsforitseverlastingenchantmentarenotonlyduetoitsuniquewritingperspectiveorartisticexpressionsbutalsolieinitsdeep-goingreflectionofpeople’sthoughtsofthatageorinotherwordsitspenetrativeintentions.Thefeministicthoughtispreciselyanessentialoneinthemidstofthem,whichendowsthisworkwithatimelessglamour.

Thisthesiswilltakeathoroughexplorationoffeminismimplicatedinthisnovel.Thefirstpartisageneralintroduction.ThenthefollowingpartwillbeanoverviewofMargaretMitchell’slivingandcreatingbackground,withthenexttwopartsfullyprobingintothefeministicthoughtinthisworkthroughaseriesoffemalecharactersandnaturalimages.Finally,aconclusionsumsupthethesis.

Ⅱ.BackgroundofMargaretMitchell’sage

A.Women’ssocialstatusinAmericansocietyreflectedinthenovel

ThestorytakesplaceinthesouthernplantationbeforeAmericanCivilWar.Atthattime,theSouthisanewreclaimedlandwheretheindustrialcivilizationhasnotyetpenetratedit.Theresidentsrestontherollingmoneygainedbycottonplantingandpicking.There,withintheshadowofchivalry,keepstheskin-deepgraceand

splendor.Womenlivingontheredsoilaredelicateflowers,tightlyclingingtomenanddecoratingmen’sworld.Theyhavenorightstovote.Norcantheycontroltheirbelongingsorchildrenaftertheygetmarried,letalonedrawawillormakeatreatywithouttheirhusbands’permission.Theirsocialstatusisparallelto“thatofaminororaslave”（Deborah,2006）.Theyenduredualoppressionnotonlyfrommenbutalsofromthemselves,lyinginthesubordinatesocialpositionwithouttheprivilegetomanagetheirownlives.Inthismale-dominatedworld,menstiflewomen’sdevelopmentfromeveryaspect.

Firstly,theystraineverynervetoconfinewomeninthehousetomakesurethatwomen’signorancehasnotbeencorruptedbythesocietyandtheyaresatisfiedtobethelovely“vase”.Althoughmenprovidewomenwithprotection,clothingandfoodsources,theyhaveanessentialprerequisitethatmenshouldholdprimacyaswellasthecontrolofwomen.Womenareimprisonedathomewantingeconomicindependence.Theexclusiveapproachfortheirsocialstatusandeconomicwarrantyistomarryandgivebirthtobabies.

Secondly,menalsospirituallysuppresswomen.Theymayyieldtowomenandsatisfytheirallkindsofsmallrequirementsaboutthehouseholdaffairs;neverthelessoncewomenhaveindependentopinions,theywillfeelpanicandpulleverystringtoholdthemback.Forinstance,whenScarlettbuysalumbermillanddecidestooperatebyherself,herhusbandFrank,thoughacoward,stillfeelsunacceptable:

“Frank,incommonwithallmenheknew,feltthatawifeshouldbeguidedbyherhusband’ssuperiorknowledge,shouldaccepthisopinionsinfullandhavenoneofherown”（MargaretMitchell,2008）.Thereforemen’stoleranceisonthepremiseoftheassuranceofthemale-centeredstatus.Infact,menwouldrathergiveeverythingintheworldtowomenthanallowwomentohaveintelligenceandindependentviews.Inmen’sopinion,“womenshouldbeconfinedtothedomesticsphere,nurturingchildren,maintainingthehouseholdandservingtheirhusbands”（Deborah,2）.Ifawomanshowsheranyintellectualadvantage,peoplewillisolateher,reputingthatshehasgobeyondherdueresponsibilitieswhicharegenerallydefinedasdressing,dancingandhousemanagement.

Regrettably,womenareimperceptiblyinfluencedbythelocationgivenfrommen.SouthernmothersinGonewiththeWindactastheexecutorofethicalcodes,inhibitingyounggirls’developmentoftheirtruecolors.TakeScarlettasanexample,sheiseducatedtobeanobedientladyevenfromchildhood.Hermotherandblackmammyhavealwaystriedtheirbesttoinstillthoseindispensablequalitiesofaladyintoher.“Youmustbemoregentle,dear,moresedate”,“Gentlemendonotlikeforwardgirls”,“Youngmissesshouldcas’downdeyeyesan’say,Well,suh,Ahmout’an’‘Jes’asyousay,suh.’”（MargaretMitchell,2008）.Beforetheirmarriage,younggirlsshouldbetenderandlovelywithwell-educatedmanners;howeverassoonastheygetmarried,womenbecomebirds,restrainedinthehouseandbusywiththehouseholdaffairsallday.Theymanagetheirhusbands’housesandeducatetheirchildren,consumingtheirintelligencejustinvarioustrivia.Moremiserablearethewidows:

wearingtheblack,noflowers,nolace,nojewelry,nofreetalks,nosocialactivitiesandevennolaughter,juststayingathomeandmourningdaylong.Nowondertheauthorcallthisasbarbarousas“HinduSettee”（MargaretMitchell,2008）.

Duetomen’srepressiononbothwomen’sbodiesandtheirspiritandwomen’sacquiescencetowardstheirattachingstatus,thesouthernsocietybeforethewariscompletelymale-centeredandmale-dominated.

B.SocialinfluencesonMargaretMitchell’sfemalesense

Generallyspeaking,theauthor’sthinking,emotion,andvalueorientationarealwayskeenlyconnectedwithandinfluencedbysocialcurrents.ThesameistrueofMargaret’sfeminism.ThroughGonewiththeWind,theauthordepictsaseriesofoutstandingandtoughfemaleimages,displayingtheirenormouscontributiontotheSouth.Eitheritslanguageorthecharacters’behaviorsarepermeatedwithMargaret’sintensivefemaleconsciousness,whichactuallykeepsupwiththetimes.

1.Awakeningofwomen’sconsciousnessandpushingofanti-slaverymovement

Intheriseofanti-slaverymovementduringthe19thcenturyAmerica,womenarealsoanactivepart.Inthismovement,womengothroughfireandwateraswithmenyetreceivenorespectorattentionfromthem.Atthattime,theiractionsarehardtowinmen’sunderstandingletalonetheirsupport.In1840,whenfeministicfoundersElizabethCadyStantonandLucretianMo