剑桥雅思4听力原文Word文件下载.docx

剑桥雅思4听力原文Word文件下载.docx

《剑桥雅思4听力原文Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《剑桥雅思4听力原文Word文件下载.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

Well,weareluckyhereobviouslybecauseweareabletosaythatallourvisitsarelessthanthreehoursdrive.

Howmuchdotheycost?

Againitvaries,between5and15poundsahead,dependingondistance.

Ahha

Ohandwedooffertoarrangespecialtripsif,youknow,therearemorethan12people.

Ohright.I’llkeepthatinmind.Andwhatarethetimesnormally?

Wetrytokeepitprettyfixedsothatthestudentsgettoknowthepattern.Weleaveat8.30a.m.andreturnat6p.m.Wefigureit’sbesttokeepthedayfairlyshort.

Ohyesandthenhowdowereserveaplace?

Yousignyournameonthenoticeboard.Doyouknowwhereitis?

Ahha.Isawitthismorning.

Andwedoaskthatyousignupthreedaysinadvancesoweknowwe’vegotenoughpeopleinterestedtorunitandwecancancelifnecessarywithfullrefundofcourse.

That’sfine.Thanks.

Andwhatvisitsubplanforthisterm?

Right.Well.I’mafraidtheschedulehasn’tbeenprintedoutyet.Butwehaveconfirmedthedatesandplanedtheoptionalextravisits,whichyoucanalsobookinadvanceifyouwantto.

Ohthat’sallright.AndifyoucanjustgivesomeideasoftheweekendonessoIcan,youknow,workoutthentoseefriendsandsuchI…

Ohsure.Well,errthefirstoneisSt.Ives.That’sonthe13thofFebruaryandwewillhaveonly16placesavailablebecausewe’regoingbyminibus.Andthat’sthedayintownwiththeoptionalextraofvisitingtheHepworthMuseum.

Allright.Yesah.Thatsoundsgood.

Andthenthere’saLondontriponthe16thofFebruary.Andwewillbetakingamediumsizecoachsotherewillbe45placesonthat.Andlet’sseetheoptionalextraistheTowerofLondon.

Oh,I’vealreadybeenthere.

Andyoumightgetanextensionoftimetofinishyourassignmentforme?

Ifthat’spossible.ButIdon’tknow…

Well.Yesit’spossible.Butextensionsarenormallygivenonlyformedicalorcompassionatereasons.Otherwise,that’sreallyaquestionoforganizingyourstudyandwedon’tlikegivinganextensiontoastudentwhosimplydidn’tplantheworkproperly.Whatdidyougetforyourfirstassignment?

Igot87percent.

Umm.Yes,youdidverywellindeed.Soobviouslyyoucanproducegoodwork.

Idon’tthinkIneedtoomuchextratime,aslongasIcangetholdofsomeimportantreferences.

Well,sinceyoudidsowellinyourfirstassignment,I’mpreparedtogiveyouanextratwoweeksforthisone.So,thatwillmeanyouneedtosubmititaboutamonthfromnow.

Ohthankyou.

Nowwhataboutthereadingmaterials?

Soyoucheckoutthejournalarticlesinthelist?

Oh,no,notyet.TherewereabouttwentyofthemIwasn’tsurewhichonesshouldbemostusefulorallimportant.

Wellthey’realluseful,butIdon’texpectanyonetoreadthemallbecauseanumberofthemdealwiththesameissues.Andletmegiveyousomesuggestions.ThearticlebyAndersonandHawkerisreallyworthreading.

Right.I’llreadthatone.

YoushouldalsoreadthearticlebyJacksonbutjustlookatthepartattheresearchmethodologyhowtheydidit.

Ok,Jackson,Igotthat.

AndifyouhavetimetheonebyRobertssaysveryalotofthingsalthoughit’snotessential.

Ok.Ifit’susefulI’lltrywiththatone.

NowtheonebyMorris.Iwouldn’tborrowwiththatatthisstageifIwereyou.

Ok,Iwon’tborrowwithMorris.Ohnow,someonetoldmethatthearticlebyCooperisimportant.

Ohyes,butjustlookatthelastpartwhereitdiscussestheresearchresult.

Andlastthere’sForster.Ican’tthinkwhyIincludedthatone.That’snotbadandcouldbesomehelpbutnotthatmuch.

Nowlet’sdealwiththeassignmentquestion.What’stheproblemthere?

It’sgraphfrompage2.

Itseemstobetheproblemisjustaboutthebargraphshowingreasonswhypeopleschangewheretheylive.

WellI’vegotaphotocopybutthereasonsatthebottomaremissing.

Ok.Lookatthefirstbaronthegraph.Nowthatindicatesthenumberofpeoplewhomovebecausetheywantmorespace.

Oh,Isee.Barone.Ok,nowwhat’saboutthenextbar?

Bartwoistodowiththepeoplewholivenearbydisturbingthemsotheychosetomoveawaytosomewherequieter.Nowlet’slookatbarNo.3.Anotherreasonpeoplechangetheirplacesoflivingisbecausetheywanttobeclosertothecity.

Ok.Proximitytothecityistheissue.

NowbarNo.4referstoproblemswhentheownerofthepropertywon’thelpfixthingsgowrong.Inotherwords,theownerisnothelpfulandsothetenantsmoveout.

Ok,nowwhataboutBar5.

Bar5isaboutthosepeoplewhomovebecausetheyneedabusortraintogetamongthecityortogotowork.

Ok,andBar6?

BarNo.6ismid-resting.Thatreasonwasgivenquitealot.Peoplemoveinbecausetheywantedtobeinamoreattractiveneighbourhood.

Ohyes.Thankyouverymuch.

test1_section4

Goodday,ladiesandgentlemen.I'

vebeenaskedtodaytotalktoyouabouttheurbanlandscape.There'

retwomajorareasthatI'

llfocusoninmytalk:

howvegetationcanhaveasignificanteffectonurbanclimateandhowwecanbetterplanourcitiesusingtreestoprovideamorecomfortableenvironmentforustoliving.

Treescanhaveasignificantimpactonourcities.Theycanmakeourcities,asawhole,abitlesswindyorabitmorewindyasthatwhatyouwant.Theycanmakeitabitcoolerifit'

sahotsummerdayinanAustraliancityortheycanmakeitabitmorehumidifit'

sadryinlandcity.Onthelocalscale,thatisaparticularareawithinthecity,treescanmakethelocalareamoreshady,cooler,morehumidandmuchlesswindy.Infact,treesandplantingsofvariousofkindscanbeusedtomakecitystreetsactuallylessdangerousinparticularareas.

Howdotreesdothat,you'

llask?

Well,themaindifferencebetweenatreeandabuildingisatreehasgotaninternalmechanismtokeepthetemperatureregulated.Itevaporateswaterthroughitsleaves.Andthatmeansthetemperatureoftheleavesisneververyfarfromourownbodytemperature.Thetemperatureofabuildingsurfaceonahotsunnydaycaneasilybe20degreesmorethanourtemperature.Trees,ontheotherhand,remaincoolerthanbuildingsbecausetheysweat.Thismeanstheycanhumidifytheairandcoolit,apropertywhichcanbeexploitedtoimprovethelocalclimate.

Treescanalsohelpbreaktheforceofthewinds.Thereasonthathighbuildingsmaykeepwindieratgroundlevelisthatasthewindgoeshigherandhigher,itgoesfasterandfaster.Whenthewindhitsthebuilding,ithastogosomewhere.Someofitgoesoverthetopandsomegoesaroundthesidesofthebuilding,forcingthosehighlevelwindsdowntogroundlevel.Thatdoesn'

thappenwhenyouhavetrees.Treesfilterthewindandconsiderablyreduceitpreventingthoseverylargestrongguststhatyousooftenfindaroundtallbuildings.

Anotherprobleminbuilt-upareasisthetrafficnoiseisintensifiedbytallbuildings.Byplantingabeltoftreesatthesideoftheroad,youcanmakethingsalittlequieterbutmuchofthevehiclenoisestillgoesthroughthetrees.Treescanalsohelpreducetheamountofnoiseinthesurroundings,althoughtheeffectisnotaslargeaspeoplewouldliketothink.Lowfrequencynoise,inparticular,justgoesthroughthetreesasthattheyaren'

tthere.

Althoughtreescansignificantlyimprovethelocalclimate,theydo,however,takeupalotofspace.There'

reroutesystemtoconsiderandbranchesblockingthewindowsandsoon.Itmaythereforebedifficulttofittreesintothelocallandscape.There'

snotagreatdealyoucandoifyouhavewhatwecallastreetcanyon,awholesetofhigh-risesenclosedinthenarrowstreet.Treesneedwatertogrow.Theyalsoneedsomesunlighttogrowandyouneedroomtoputthem.Ifyouhavethechanceofknockingbuildingsdownandreplacingthem,thensuddenlyyoucanstartlookingatdifferentwaystodesignthestreetsandtointroduce...（End）

test2_section1

Oh,Peter,thereyou'

re.It'

sbeenages.Whatcatchessolong?

Sorry,I'

msolate,Sally.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?

Halfanhour.Butitdoesn'

tmatter.IhadacoffeeandIhadbeenreadingthisguidebookfortourists.Sitdown.

Umm.

Youlookveryhotandtired.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?

I'

dlovereallychillmineralwaterorsomething.Wouldyouhaveanothercoffee?

Yes,I'

ll.Thewaitresswillbebackinamoment.Whyareyousolate.Didsomethinghappen?

Yes.YouknowIwenttothebanktocashsomethingtraveller'

scheques.WelltheexchangeratewaslookingveryhealthybutIwenttothetellertheytoldmethatthecomputersystemwastemporarilydown.Sotheycouldn'

tdoanytransactions.TheysaidtheproblemwouldbefixedinafewminutessoIwaited.AndthenIstartedtalkingtoanotherguyinthebankandIforgotthetime.

Oh,really?

Someoneyoumetinthebank.Doesheworkthere?

No,hewasatourist,fromNY.HisnameisHenry.Andhe'

sbeenhereforaweek,buthe'

smovingontoGermanytomorrow.He'

sanarchitectandhe'

sspendingfourweekstravellingalongEurope.

Justlikeus?

Yes