北京大学考博英语真题及答案.doc

北京大学考博英语真题及答案.doc

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PartTwo:

StructureandWrittenExpression20

Directions:

Ineachquestiondecidewhichoffourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.MarkyourchoicesontheANSWERSHEET.

21.Thenuclearfamily__________aself-contained,self-satisfyingunitcomposedoffather,motherandchildren.

A.refersto　B.defines　C.describes　D.devotesto

22.Somepollsshowthatroughlytwo-thirdsofthegeneralpublicbelievethatelderlyAmericansare________bysocialisolationandloneliness.

A.reproached　B.favored　C.plagued　D.reprehended

23.Inadditiontobetteringgroupandindividualperformance,cooperation________thequalityofinterpersonalrelationship.

A.ascends　B.compels　C.enhances　D.prefers

24.Inthepast50years,there________agreatincreaseintheamountofresearch_____onthehumanbrain.

A.was…did　B.hasbeen…tobedone　C.was…doing　D.hasbeen…done

25.“Imusthaveeatensomethingwrong.Ifeellike_____.”“Wetoldyounottoeatatarestaurant.You’dbetter_______athomewhenyouarenotintheshape.”

A.tothrowup…toeat　　　B.throwingup…eating

C.tothrowup…eat　　　　D.throwingup…eat

26.Parentshavetoshowdueconcernstotheirchildren’screativityandemotionaloutput;otherwisewhattheythinkbeneficialtothekidsmightprobably_______theirenthusiasmandaspirations.

A.holdback　　B.holdto　　C.holddown　　D.holdover

27.Accordingtopsychoanalysis,aperson’sattentionisattracted________bytheintensityofdifferentsignals________bytheircontext,significance,andinformationcontent.

A.notlessthan…as　　B.as…justas　　C.somuch…as　　　D.notsomuch…as

28.TheymovedtoPortlandin1998andlivedinabighouse,_______tothesouth.

A.thewindowsofwhichopened　　　　　B.thewindowsofitopened　

C.itswindowsopened　　　　　　　　D.thewindowsofwhichopening

29.Theladywhohas_______foranightinthedeadofthewinterlaterturnedouttobeadistantrelationofhis.

A.puthimup　　B.puthimout　　　　C.puthimon　　　D.puthimin

30.Bystanders,_______,_________astheywalkedpastlinesofambulances.

A.bloodyandcoveredwithdust,lookingdazed

B.bloodiedandcoveredwithdust,lookeddazed

C.bloodyandcoveredwithdust,lookeddazed

D.bloodiedandcoveredwithdust,lookingdazed

31.HongKongwasnotatargetforterrorattacks,theGovernmentinsistedyesterday,astheUS________closedforanapparentsecurityreview.

A.Consulation　B.Constitution　C.Consulate　　D.Consular

32.AmericanfanshaveselectedYaoinavotefortheAll-Stargame______thelegendaryO’Neal,who______the“GreatWall”attheweekendastheRocketsbeattheLosAngelesLakers.

A.inheadof,ranon　B.inheadof,raninto　

C.aheadof,ranonto　D.aheadof,raninto

33.Professionalarchivistsandlibrarianshavetheresourcestoduplicatematerialsinotherformatsandtheexpertisetoretrievematerialstrappedin_________computers.

A.abstract　B.obsolete　C.obstinate　D.obese

34.Shealwaysprintsimportantdocumentsandstoresabackupsetatherhouse.“Iactuallythinkthere’ssomethingaboutthe______ofpaperthatfeelsmorecomforting.”Shesaid.

A.tangibility　B.tangledness　C.tangent　　D.tantalization

35.“Theysaidwhatwealwaysknew,”saidanadministrationsource,___________.

A.heaskednottobenamed　　　B.whoaskednottobenamed

C.whoaskednotbenamed　　　D.whoaskednotnamed

36.InGermany,theindustrialgiantsDaimlerChryslerandSiemensrecently_______theirunionsintosigningcontractsthatlengthenworkhourswithoutincreasingpay.

A.muscled　　B.moved　　C.mushed　　D.muted

37.Hearguesthatthepolicyhasdonelittletoeasejoblessness,andhasleftthecountry_______.

A.energized　　B.Enervated　　C.Nerved　　　D.enacted

38.Themorepeoplehearhisdementedrants,themoretheyseethatheisaterrorist_______.

A.whoispureandsimple　　B.beingpureandsimple

C.pureandsimple　　　　D.aspureandsimple

39.Thisexpansionofrightshasledtobothaparalysisofthepublicserviceandtoarapidandterrible________inthecharacterofthepopulation.

A.determination　　B.deterioration　C.desolation　　D.desperation

40._______adecliningbirthrate,therewillbeanover-supplyof27,000primaryschoolplacesby2010,_______leaving35schoolsidle.

B.Couplingwith,equivalentto

C.Coupledwith,equivalentto　　D.Couplingwith,equalsto

PartThree:

ReadingComprehension　10

PassageOne　　TheHero

Mymother’sparentscamefromHungary,butmygrandfathercouldtracehisorigintoGermanyandalsohewaseducatedinGermany.Althoughhewasabletoholdaconversationinninelanguages,hewasmostcomfortableinGerman.Everymorning,beforegoingtohisoffice,hereadtheGermanlanguagenewspaper,whichwasAmericanownedandpublishedinNewYork.

MygrandfatherwastheonlyoneinhisfamilytocometotheUnitedStateswithhiswifeandchildren.HestillhadrelativeslivinginEurope.Whenthefirstworldwarbrokeout,helamentedthefactthatifmyuncle,hisonlysonhadtogo,itwouldbecousinfightingagainstcousin.Intheearlydaysofthewar,mygrandmotherbeggedhimtostoptakingtheGermannewspaperandtotakeanEnglishlanguagenewspaper,instead.Hescoffedattheidea,explainingthatthefactitwasinGermandidnotmakeitaGermannewspaper,butonlyanAmericannewspaper,printedinGerman.Butmygrandmotherinsisted,forfearthattheneighborsmayseehimreaditandthinkhewasGerman.So,hefinallygaveuptheGermannewspaper.

Oneday,theinevitablehappenedandmyuncleMiltonreceivednoticetojointhearmy.Mygrandparentswereveryupset,butmymother,hislittlesister,wasexcited.Nowshecouldboastabouthersoldierbrothergoingofftowar.Shewastenyearsoldatthetime,andmyuncle,realizinghowhewasregardedbyhislittlesisterandherfriends,wentoutandboughtthemallservicepins,whichmeantthattheyhadalovedoneintheservice.Allthelittlegirlsweredelighted.Whenthedaycameforhimtoleave,hiswholeregiment,intheiruniforms,lefttogetherfromthesametrainstation.Therewasabandplayingandmymotherandherfriendscametoseehimoff.EachoneworeherservicepinandwavedasmallAmericanflag,cheeringtheboys,astheyleft.

Themomentcameandthesoldiers,allveryyoung,noneofwhomhadhadanytraining,butwhohadneverthelessallbeenissueduniforms,boardedthetrain.Thebandplayedandthecrowdcheered.Thetraingroanedasifitknewthedestinytowhichitwastakingitspassengers,butitsoonbegantomove.Stillcheeringandwavingtheirflags,thebandstillplaying,thetrainslowlydepartedthestation.

Ithadgoneaboutathousandyardswhenitsuddenlygroundtoahalt.Thebandstoppedplaying,thecrowdstoppedcheering.Everyonegazedinwonderasthetrainslowlybackedupandreturnedtothestation.Itseemedaneternityuntilthedoorsopenedandthemenstartedtofileout.Someoneshouted,“It’sthearmistice.Thewarisover.”Foramoment,nobodymoved,butthenthepeopleheardsomeonebarkordersatthesoldiers.Themenlinedupandformedintotwolines.Theywalkeddownthestepsand,withthebandplayingbehind,paradeddownthestreet,asreturningheroes,tobewelcomedhomebytheassembledcrowd.Thenextdaymyunclereturnedtohisjob,andmygrandfatherresumedreadingtheGermannewspaper,whichhereaduntilthedayhedied.

41.Wherewasthenarrator’sfamilywhenthisstorytookplace?

A.InGermany.　B.InHungary.　C.IntheUnitedStates　D.InNewYork.

42.Hisgrandfather____________.

A.couldnotspeakandreadEnglishwellenough

B.knewninelanguagesequallywell

C.knewanumberoflanguages,butfeltmorekintoGerman

D.lovedGermanbestbecauseitmadehimthinkofhome

43.HisgrandmotherdidnotwantherhusbandtobuyandreadnewspapersinGerman,because________.

A.itwaswartimeandGermansweretheirenemy

B.theneighborswouldmistakethemaspro-German

C.itwaseasiertogetnewspapersinEnglishinAmerica

D.nobodyelsereadnewspapersinGermanduringthewartime

44.Thenarrator’smotherwantedherbrothertogotofightinthewar,because________.

A.likeeverybodyelseatthewartime,shewasverypatriotic

B.shehatedthewarandtheGermansverymuch

C.allherfriendshadrelativesinwarandshewantedtobelikethem

D.shelikedtohaveabrothershecouldthinkofasahero

PassageTwo　　

WakingUpfromtheAmericanDreams

Therehasbeenmuchtalkrecentlyaboutthephenomenonof“Wal-Martization”ofAmerica,whichreferstotheattemptofAmerica’sgiantWal-Martchainstorecompanytokeepitscostatrock-bottomlevels.Foryears,manyAmericancompanieshaveembracedWal-Mart-likestratagemstocontrollaborcosts,suchashiringtemps（temporaryworkers）andpart-timers,fightingunions,dismantlinginternalcareerladdersandoutsourcingtolowerpayingcontractorsathomeandabroad.

Whilethesetacticshavetheadmirableoutcomeofholdingdownconsumerprices,they’recostlyinotherways.Morethanaquarterofthelaborforce,about34millionworkers,istrappedinlow-wage,oftendead-endjobs.Manymiddle-incomeandhigh-skilledemployeesfacefeweropportunities,too,ascompaniesshiftworktosubcontractorsandtempsagenciesandmovewhite-collarjobstoChinaandIndia.

TheresulthasbeenanerosionofoneofAmerica’smostcherishedvalue:

givingitspeopletheabilitytomoveuptheeconomicladderovertheirlifetimes.Historically,mostAmericans,evenlow-skilledones,wereabletofindpoorlypaidjanitorialorfactoryjobs,thengraduallyclimbedintothemiddleclassastheygainedexperienceandmovedupthewagecurve.Butthenumberofworkersprogressingupwardbegantoslipin19