英语阅读匹配题练习题.doc

英语阅读匹配题练习题.doc

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Passage1

BeautyandBodyImageintheMedia

[A]Imagesoffemalebodiesareeverywhere.Women—andtheirbodyparts—selleverythingfromfoodtocars.Popularfilmandtelevisionactressesarebecomingyounger,tallerandthinner.Somehaveevenbeenknowntofaintonthesetfromlackoffood.

[B]Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlesurgingthatiftheycanjustlosethoselasttwentypounds,they’llhaveitall—theperfectmarriage,lovingchildren,greatsex,andarewardingcareer.

[C]Economichasgreateffectsonit.Bypresentinganidealdifficultytoachieveandmaintain,thecosmeticanddietproductindustriesareassuredofgrowthandprofits.Andit’snoaccidentthatyouthisincreasinglypromoted,alongwiththinness,asanessentialcriterionofbeauty.And,accordingtotheindustry,ageisadisasterthatneedstobedealtwith.

[D]Thestakesarehuge.Ontheonehand,womenwhoareinsecureabouttheirbodiesaremorelikelytobuybeautyproducts,newclothes,anddietaids.Itisestimatedthatthedietindustryaloneisworthanywherebetween40to100billion（U.S.）ayearsellingtemporaryweightloss（90%to95%ofdietersregainthelostweight）.Ontheotherhand,researchindicatesthatexposuretoimagesofthin,young,air-brushedfemalebodiesislinkedtodepression,lossofself-esteemandthedevelopmentofunhealthyeatinghabitsinwomenandgirls.

[E]TheAmericanresearchgroupAnorexiaNervosa&RelatedEatingDisorders,Inc.saysthatoneoutofeveryfourcollege-agedwomenusesunhealthymethodsofweightcontrol—includingfasting,skippingmeals,excessiveexercise,laxative（泻药）abuse,andself-inducedvomiting.

[F]In2003,Teenmagazinereportedthat35percentofgirls6to12yearsoldhavebeenonatleastonediet,andthat50to70percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.Overallresearchindicatesthat90%ofwomenaredissatisfiedwiththeirappearanceinsomeway.

[G]Perhapsthemostdisturbingisthefactthatmediaimagesoffemalebeautyareunattainableforallbutaverysmallnumberofwomen.

[H]ResearchersgeneratingacomputermodelofawomanwithBarbie-dollproportions,forexample,foundthatherbackwouldbetooweaktosupporttheweightofherupperbody,andherbodywouldbetoonarrowtocontainmorethanhalfaliverandafewcentimetersofbowel.

Arealwomanbuiltthatwaywouldsufferfromchronicdiarrhea（慢性腹泻）andeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.

46.AreportinTeenmagazineshowedthat50%to70%girlswithnormalweightthinkthattheyneedtoloseweight.

47.Themassmediahashelpedboostthecosmeticandthedietindustries.

48.Somefilmandtelevisionactressesevenfaintonthesceneduetoeatingtoolittle.

49.Somenegativeeffectssuchasdepressionandunhealthyeatinghabitsinfemalesarerelatedtotheirbeingexposedtoimagesofthinandyoungfemalebodies.

50.ResearchersfoundthatarealwomanwithBarbie-dollproportionswouldeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.

Passage2

HateYourJob?

Here’sHowtoReshapeIt　　

[A]Onceuponatime,ifyouhatedyourjob,youeitherquitorbityourlip.Thesedays,agroupofresearchersistrumpetingathirdoption:

shapeyourjobmorefruitfulthanfutile.

[B]Tomakelivelihoodsmorelively,WrzesniewskiandhercolleaguesJaneDuttonandJustinBerghavedevelopedamethodologytheycalljob-crafting.They’reworkingwithFortune500companies,smallerfirmsandbusinessschoolstochangethewayAmericansthinkaboutwork.

Step1:

RethinkYourJob--Creatively

[C]"Thedefaultsomepeoplewakeuptoisdraggingthemselvestoworkandfacingalistofthingstheyhavetodo,"saysWrzesniewski.Sointhejob-craftingprocess,thefirststepistothinkaboutyourjobholistically.

[D]Take,forexample,amaintenancetechnicianatBurt’sBees,whichmakespersonal-careproducts.Hewasinterestedinprocessengineering,thoughthatwasn’tpartofhisjobdescription.Toalterthescopeofhisday-to-dayactivities,thetechnicianaskedasupervisorifhecouldspendsometimestudyinganideahehadformakingthefirm’smanufacturingproceduresmoreenergy-efficient.Hisideasprovedhelpful,andnowprocessengineeringispartofthescopeofhiswork.

Step2:

DiagramYourDay

[E]Tolaythegroundworkforchange,job-craftingparticipantsassemblediagramsdetailingtheirworkdayactivities.

[F]InaLockau-Vogel,amanagementconsultantwhoparticipatedinarecentjob-craftingworkshop,saystheexercisehelpedheradjustherpriorities."Before,IwouldspendsomuchtimereactingtorequestsandfocusingonurgenttasksthatIneverhadtimetoaddresstherealimportantissues."Aspartofthejob-craftingprocess,shedecidedonastrategyfordelegatingandoutsourcing（外包）moreofheradministrativeresponsibilities.

[G]Incontrasttobusinessbooksthatcounsel,managerstoinfluenceworkersthroughincentives,job-craftingfocusesonwhatemployeesthemselvescandotore-envisionandadjustwhattheydoeveryday.GiventhataccordingtotheBureauofLaborStatistics,itnowtakestheaveragejobseekermorethansixmonthstofindanewposition,it’scrucialtomakethemostofthejobyou’vegot.

Step3:

IdentifyJobLovesandHates

[H]Byreorienting（使适应）howyouthinkaboutyourjob,youfreeyourselfupfornewideasabouthowtorestructureyourworkdaytimeandenergy.

[I]Dutton,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan’sRossSchoolofBusiness,saysshehasseenlocalauto-industryworkersbenefitfromthejob-craftingprocess."Theycomeinlookingworndown,butafterspendingtwohoursonthisexercise,theycomeawaythinkingaboutthreeorfourthingstheycandodifferently."

[J]"Theystarttorecognizetheyhavemorecontrolovertheirworkthantheyrealized,"saysDutton,whoparmeredwithWrzesniewskiontheoriginaljob-craftingresearch.

46.Duttonhasseenthatlocalauto-industryworkersprofitfromthejob-craftingprocess.

47.Alongtimeagowhenapersonhatedhis/herjob,he/shewillresignorbearit.

48.AccordingtoInaLockau-Vogel,thebenefitfromjob-craftingisthatithelpshersetprioritiesproperly.

49.TheideaofamaintenancetechnicianatBurt’sBeesturnedouttobehelpfulandenergy-efficient.

50.AccordingtotheBureauofLaborStatistics,thesituationinjobmarketis---itisdifficulttofindajob.

Passage3

China’sNewFirstLady

【A】China’snewFirstLady,PengLiyuan,hasbecomesomethingofaglobalstyleicononherfirstofficialstatevisit.

【B】PengLiyuan,wifeofthenewChinesepresidentXiJinping,hasbecomeasurprisestylesensationwithhernativefashionbloggersandstylecommentatorsaroundtheworldonherfirstofficialstatevisit.

【C】DisembarkingfromherprivateplaneinMoscowonFriday,Peng,50,choseanelegantblackdouble-breastedbeltedcoatandladylikehandbagbyChinesefashionlabelException;alookwhich,teamedwithherneatlypinneduphair,fresh-facedmake-upandunderstatedaccessories,wouldn’thavelookedoutofplaceinthefrontrowatParisHauteCoutureWeek.

【D】“Firstladiesareambassadorsofthecultureandthedesignandofthesoftpowerofacountry.I’mgladthatshechosetowearChineseandtakeupthatroleofspokespersonforChinesedesignhere.”SaidHongHuang,publisherofthefashionmagazineiLookandoneofthemostpopularmicrobloggersinChina.

【E】“It’sthefirsttimethatChina’sfirstladyappearslikeamodernwoman.Ithinkshedressedverywell,withtasteandconfidence.”SaidZhangYu,editorofChina’sVOGUEmagazine.”Aftersomanyyears,wefinallyhaveafirstladywhocanrepresentussoappropriately.Ithinkitisalandmarkevent.

【F】Onlineretailershavesoughttoassociatetheirproductswithwhatnewsportalsaretermingthe“PengLiyuanstyle”.Withsearchesforthosekeywordsresultinginlistsofhandbagsandtrenchcoats,manyofwhichdidnotevenresembletheitemsshewore.

【G】HeavyonlinetraffictoException’swebsitehascausedittocrashsinceFriday,withitloadingonlysporadicallyonMonday.

【H】ChatteraboutherwinningpersonalstylequicklyspreadgloballywithU.S.newspaper’scomparinghertoMichelleObama（bothhavedaughtersandareonlyayearapartinage）,thoughwethinkherladylikestyleismorereminiscentofexFirstLadyofFrance,CarlaBruni.

1.FirstLadiesareambassadorswhoconveytheculture,thefashionstyleandthesoftpowerofacountry.

2.PengLiyuanappearstobeamodern,fashionablewomanasChina’sfirstladyforthefirsttime.

3.HernativefashionbloggersandstylecommentatorsaroundtheworldfocusonPengLiyuan’sstylesensation.

4.PengLiyuangaveherfirstofficialstatevisittoMoscowinanelegantblackdouble-breastedbeltedcoat.

5.ThesuccessofPengLiyuan’sstylebringsomuchattentiontoException’swebsite.

Passage4

LadyMargaretThatcher

【A】BaronessThatcher,Britain’sgreatestpost-warprimeminister,hasdiedattheageof87aftersufferingastroke,herfamilyhasannounced.

【B】KnownastheIronLady,MargaretThatchergovernedBritainfrom1979to1990.

【C】ShewillgodowninhistorynotonlyasBritain’sfirstfemaleprimeminister,butasthewomanwhotransformedBritain’seconomyinadditiontobeingaformidablerivalontheinternationalstage.

【D】LadyThatcherwastheonlyBritishprimeministertoleavebehindasetofideasabouttheroleofthestatewhichotherleadersandnationsstrovetocopyandapply.

【E】ThefuneralforformerBritishPrimeMinisterMargaretThatcherwassettotakeplaceonApril17atSt.Paul’sCathedral,withanelaborateceremonyattendedbyQueenElizabethIIandawho’swhoofBritishpublicofficials,pastandpresent.

【F】Atten