英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究Word文档格式.docx

英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究Word文档格式.docx

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本文通过对比分析不同文化间颜色词汇联想意义的差异，及这些差异对词汇翻译造成的影响，指出了注重这种差异的重要性，提出了解决由这些差异给翻译带来的问题的一些解决办法。

关键词：

比较研究；

基本颜色词；

文化内涵；

差异；

成因

CONTENTS

4.1GeographyLivingEnvironment......................................................................5

5.StrategiesforColorTranslationbetweenEnglishandChinese

1.Introduction

Theworldisfullofcolors.Therearebluesky,whitecloud,greentrees,redsunandsoon.Ourworldissoconnectedwithcolorsthatcolorsplayanimportantroleinourlife.Makeanexampleofthefollowingsentences:

"

Mr.Whiteisaverywhiteman.Hewaslookingrathergreentheotherday.Hehasbeenfeelingbluelater.WhenIsawhim,hewasinabrownstudy.Ihopehewillbethepinkagain."

ThisisaclassicdescriptioninEnglishusedtoexpresssensationsbyusingcolorterms.

Asapartoflanguage,colortermscarryalargeamountofculturalinformation,suchashistory,religion,andcustoms.Theyarerelatedtoalmostallaspectsofsociallivesandplayanimportantroleinculturalcommunications.Inthisthesis,theauthorintendstomakeacomparativeanalysisofcolortermsbetweenEnglishandChinese,findingtheirsimilaritiesanddifferencesinculture.Inthisway,culturalunderstandingandcommunicationwillberealized.

2.DefinitionofColorandBasicColorTerms

2.1DefinitionofColor

Indictionary,Coloristheelementofartthatisproducedwhenlight,strikinganobject,isreflectedbacktotheeye.Therearethreepropertiestocolor.Firstishue,whichsimplymeansthenamewegivetoacolor（red,yellow,blue,etc.）.Thesecondpropertyisintensity,whichreferstothestrengthandvividnessofthecolor.Forexample,wemaydescribethecolorblueas"

royal"

（bright,rich,vibrant）or"

dull"

（grayed）.Thethirdpropertyofcolorisitsvalue,meaningitslightnessordarkness.Thetermsshadeandtintareinreferencetovaluechangesincolors.

2.2DefinitionofBasicColorTerms

Accordingtothesurvey,oureyesareabletodistinguishsevenmilliondifferentcolors,andformostofthecolorswedonothaveanylinguisticexpressionsavailableatall.However,itisestimatedthatthereareoverthreethousandcolortermsinEnglishandmoreinChinese.Tocategorizeallthecolortermsisimpossible.Butgenerallyspeaking,colortermscanbedividedintotwocategories:

basiccolortermsandobjectcolorterms.Itisimpossibletodiscussthemonebyone,thusinthisthesis,thediscussionwilltakesomeofthebasiccolortermsas"

black,white,red,yellow,greenandblue"

.

3.ComparativeAnalysisofBasicColorTermsbetweenEnglishandChinese

3.1BlackandWhite

Becauseofthespecialmaterialnature,blackmakespeoplethinkofdepressionandfreight.“Black”黑色hastheassociativemeaningof“EvilandBad”inbothEnglishandChinesecultures;

InChina,sinceancienttimes,itmetaphorstheferocioussituationandcrueldominanceas乌云、黑暗、黑夜andsoon,forpeoplewhocannottelltherightandwrongorgoodpeoplesufferdamageis颠倒黑白;

blackalsomakepeoplethinkofevil.Forinstance,inChineseculture,peoplecallsthecriminalgroupinto黑社会.Atthesametime,inEnglish,blackalsosymbolize痛苦、灾难bitteranddisasteranditisconnectedwithbadnessandevil.Forexample,ablackdayreferstoanunluckyday倒霉的一天.Black-heartedshows黑心的,blackmarketmeanstheexchangeofgoodsorsothatisforbiddenbygovernment.Blackgroundmeanspeoplewhosaysdirtywordsormeanandbullshit.黑钱referstomoneywhichcomesfromunclearwayswithoutpayingtaxtothegovernment.

InbothChineseandEnglish,blackisnotagoodword,becauseitisoftenassociatedwithdarkness.InChinese,wehavesuchexpressionsas"

黑暗,黑压压,黑灯瞎火,黑漆漆"

whileinEnglishsuchexpressionsas"

blackfutureandblackout"

."

Blackfuture"

referstotheslimhopeinthefuture.And"

Blackout"

referstoaperiodofdarknesscausedbyafailureoftheelectricitysupply.Allofthemareconnectedwith"

darkness"

.

Inbothlanguages,"

black"

isacolorfullofsorrow,peoplehavethecustomofwearingblackclothesforperson'

sdeath.Inthe14thcentury,therewasadeadlybubonicplagueinEurope,peoplenamedittheBlackDeath.Asaresult,theEnglishpeopleusingblackasthesymbolofdeathanddisaster.Inaddition,blackisalsoassociatedwithsadnessandmisfortune."

Ablackdog"

meansasadpersonand"

inablackmood"

meanslowspirited."

Blackhumor"

and"

blackcomedy"

alsocomefromthisconnotation,andtheyrefertoastoryoraplaythatisfunny,butshowtheunhappinessoflife.What'

smore,"

BlackFriday"

referstoanunluckyday,becausetotheChristian,thisistheCrucifixion.InChinese,wearealsousingblackinthissense,suchas"

黑色七月"

"

黑色的心情"

InChinese,thecolorterm"

黑"

hassomespecialmeaning."

isusedtosymbolize"

loyalty,impartiality"

.Forinstance,"

黑脸包公"

refersto"

beingloyalandimpartial"

.InBeijingopera,blackfacialmakeupisthesymbolofcharacterswhoareuprightandimpartial,suchas"

BaoZheng（包拯）,LiKui（李逵）"

.

InEnglish,thereisanexpressionwith"

expressingacommendatorysense.InbusinessEnglish,"

intheblack"

hasagoodmeaningofrunningabusinessprofitably.Theoppositeofitis"

inthered"

meaningrunningabusinessataloss.Thesetermscomefromthecoloroftheinkusedinkeepingaccounts;

deficitisrecordedinredinkwhilesurpluswritteninblackink.

WhitehassomesimilarconnotationsinbothChineseandEnglish:

purity,brightnessandinnocence.WhiteisthesacredcolorinChristianism,becauseJesusandhisangelswearwhitedressinthebelief.InChinese,therearemanyphrasesof"

white"

connectedwithpurity,suchas"

洁白,白璧无瑕"

.Nursesarealsocalled"

白衣战士"

becausetheirwhiteuniformslookslikeangels."

白"

alsohavethemeaningofinnocence.Ifsomeoneissaidtobe"

white-handed"

heorsheishonestorinnocent."

Markone'

snamewhiteagain"

meansmakingsomebodyinnocent.Meanwhile,"

清白,不白之冤"

containsthesamemeaning."

White"

alsomeans"

failure"

.Inawar,thelosingpartywillhanga"

whiteflag"

or"

白旗"

asasignofacceptingtheirfailure.

InChinese,"

reaction"

.Forexample,"

白色政权"

meansthereactionarygovernment;

白军"

referstothereactionaryarmy."

isalsoreflectedinthetheatricalmakeupofBeijingopera,andsymbolizesthepersonwhoaresinister,craftyandevil,suchasZhaoGao（赵高）andCaocao（曹操）.Inaddition,therearesomeexpressionssuchas"

百搭,白费,白干"

whichhasthemeaningofbearingnoresults.

InEnglish,"

isconnectedwithpoliticsandgovernment,suchas"

TheWhiteHouse"

isthesymboloftheUSand"

theWhiteHall"

isastreetfullofgovernmentorganizationsand"

whitepaper"

referstothepaperissuedbywesterngovernments.What’smore,someexpressionswith"

inEnglishhavetheirspecificmeanings.Forexample,"

means"

uselessness"

in"

whiteelephant"

3.2RedandGreen

Redisthecolorofblood,aswellasthesunandfire.Itisthesunandfirethatmadelifeeasierintheearlyperiodofhumanhistory.Thus,inbothEnglishandChinese,"

red"

红"

areassociatedwith"

dignity,love,beauty,happiness"

andsoon.

"

isthefavoritecolorinChina.IthasbecometherepresentativecolorofChinainthephrase"

中国红"

.InChinese,"

红喜事"

referstowedding,birthandbirthdayandintheinternationalsportsgames,theChineseteamisusuallydressedinred.Thefollowingphrasesarerelatedtotheaboveconnotations:

满堂红"

referstothesituationofapersonachievinggoodresultsinallaspect;

红运"

meansgoodluck;

红粉佳人"

referstoabeautifulandyoungwoman.InEnglish,"

isoftenconnectedwithsuccessandimportance.Thephrase"

givesomebodyaredcarpetofreception"

meansmakingawarmwelcometosomeimportantperson.

AsaresultofdifferencesofEnglishandChinese,"

hassomespecialmeaninginEnglish,suchasin"

redman"

（北美印第安人）,"

redneck"

（美国南部乡巴佬）,"

red-blooded"

（沾满鲜血的）and"

redeye"

（便宜的威士忌）.However,"

红光满面"

inChinesedoesnotmean"

one’sfaceisveryred"

heisembarrassed"

ins