Kobe英语自然拼读法及自然拼读练习表(修订版)3.doc
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英语自然拼读法
一.英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法
第一阶:
建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。
第二阶:
能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。
如:
c-acaa-tat
第三阶:
能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。
如d-o-gdog
第四阶:
能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。
如sw-ea-t-ersweater
第五阶:
能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。
第六阶:
单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。
自然拼读法学习步骤:
1.第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音(LetterSounds).其中五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)发两种音。
2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如:
Sam,cat,mat,等等.
3.第三步,是固定读音的单词:
the,a,is,to,have等.
4.第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音,如:
make,made,sea,five,nine,road等等.
5.第五步,是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读,如:
bl(ack),str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如:
ghost,comb,lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音:
ch,sh,th,wh。
6.第六步,是特殊读法:
单音节词,以元音结尾,这个元音发字母音.如:
me,hi,go等等
Irregular:
ar(car),ay(hay,may,say),igh(high,night,might),ew(new),er(sister,brother),ur(burn,hurt),ir(girl,fir,firm),or(horn),eigh(eight),oi(oil,boil),oy(boy),ow等有其特别的发音."c"和"k"在一起时,发一个音:
quick,black等.
经典示例:
学过问学堂自然拼读法之后,任何年龄的孩子对即使长达20个字母的诸如:
的长单词数秒便可默写朗读。
问学堂自然拼读的方法是将单词划分音节,然后逐个音节根据音图读出单词,能读便能立刻准确默写。
二.直接拼读法的基本原理
1.英语是一种拼音字母。
英语是一种拼音(phonological)文字,英语单词是以字母组成,字母或字母组合构成了单词的读音。
如:
(1)辅音字母的读音:
音形一致的拼音:
b[b],p[p],m[m],f[f],d[d],t[t],n[n],l[l],g[g],k[k],h[h],l[l],r[r],v[v],w[w],z[z],
音形不一致的拼音:
c[k][s],g[g][],j[]
x[ks],y[j],s[s][z]
最常见的辅音字母组合的拼读
sh[],ch[],th[θ],[]ph[f],
(2.)元音字母的读音:
元音字母的拼读,首先我要学生先了解什么是开音节?
(以元音字母结尾的音节为开音节),什么是闭音节?
(以辅音字母结尾的音节为闭音节),并和学生一起寻找发音规律,规律找到了,当学生了解了音节的规律,元音字母的发音就迎刃而解了。
如:
Ø开音节:
•a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:
name,bike,home,due,plane,shine
•b)辅音+元音:
he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello
Ø闭音节:
a)辅音+元音+辅音:
BeginningConsonants
lEndingConsonants
lOneVowelWord,ShortVowelSounds
•bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map
•b)元音+辅音:
it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant
Ø重读音节:
单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
★开音节的拼音:
A发字母本身音[ei]
age,ate,name,cake,lake,take,
make,game,gave,made,late,
came,bate,date,face,gate,hate,
page,race,same,tame,wake,gave,
famous,lady,bake等。
E发字母本身音[i:
]
be,these,me,he,she,we,等。
I发字母本身音[ai]
Ibike,China,like,fine,five,kite,nice,
wide,Friday,ride,white,write,Chinese,
ice,line,mine,life,idea,nine,等。
O发字母本身音[u]
homenoteagonose,rode
goso,also,no,
clothestold,hold,coldkilo
练习:
Radiophonehope,joke,
U发字母本身音[ju:
]
cute,mute,fume
练习:
Hugestudent
★闭音节的拼音:
A发[æ]口型要大:
at,bat,bad,band,apple,,fat,has,am,
练习:
and,cat,cap,bag,sadran
E发[e]让学生老师模仿口型
when,met,them,well,smell,tell,
ball,help,west,petret,set,vet,wet
练习:
then,yes,,fell,desk,red,ten,pen,bed,
dress,get,egg,went,leg,next,let,
I[i]
bring,lift,,big,,fish,it,is,six,this,in,
练习:
his,him,bit,little,think,with,finish,sit,
chick,skip,miss,pink,thing,drink,visit,swim,
o发[]让学生老师模仿口型
drop,shop,box,lost,cross,
long,pop,stop,dog,not,body,box,clock,
练习:
doll,got,hot,point,lots,
U发[]:
us,,but,bus,sun,
mum,cut,duck,truck,muck(淤泥,垃圾,肥料),
练习:
much,puck(冰球),fun,gun,Hun(匈奴人野蛮人,德国兵),
nun(修女,尼姑),pun(双关语,说双关语),
run,sun,tun(大酒桶),up,
总复习:
第一天:
aeioua_ee_ei_eo_eu_e
其中五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)发两种音,其中一个音是其字母本身的读音,y有时会被作为元音处理
单音节词,y在末尾,y发[ai]的音(onesyllable,yattheend(pronouncedas“i”)):
my,why,fly,sky
多音节词,y在末尾,y发[i]的音(twosyllables,yattheend(pronouncedas“E”)):
daddy,mommy,baby
Aa:
matmapbagcathatfanbatapple
Ee:
eggwellredpennethenbedbell
Ii:
licksixbibpigpinkissinkhill
Oo:
oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrich
Uu:
sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleunder
capenametapelakegamemaketakehate
theseJapaneseChinese
bitefiveninekiteminenicerideside
rosenoseropenoteposehomerodethose
tubecubeJunecutehuge
字母组合的读音也是有规律可循的。
如;
第二天:
aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiue
ai:
tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaid
ay:
bayraywaysayhaypayMaylay
ee:
reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteeth
ea:
seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpea
部分ea字母组合发[e]:
bread,heavy,breakfast,weather,
练习:
head,headache,ready,deaf,
ey:
donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolley
ie:
tiepieliedie
igh:
rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsigh
oa:
roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoap
ow:
rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlow
ui:
suitjuicefruit
ue:
Suebluegluetrue
第三天:
R音节读音areriruror
ar:
armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgarden
ar,组合字母发[a:
(a再s,ss前)也发[a:
]:
hard,card,park,art,car,are,dark,arm,farmer,market,
练习:
party,large,star,argue,far
class,vase,glass,pass,last,past,
练习:
task,mast,vast,cast,fast
er:
sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermother
ir:
birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirl
ur:
turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurse
or:
porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork
第四天:
ouowoioyauawooooea
ou:
houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouse
ow:
cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertower
ow字母组合有时发[u]音:
window,yellow,show,slow,
练习:
sow,tow,bow,mow,等。
ou,ow字母组合有时发[au]音
mouth,about,,house,housework,
south,how,now,town,等。
oi:
coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoil
oy:
oysterboycowboysoytoy
au:
augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplause
aw:
pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawn
oo字母组合有时发发[u]音:
oo字母组合有时发[u:
]
oo:
moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolish
oo:
bookcookgoodfootlookhook
ea:
headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather
第五天:
复合字母发单音:
chshwhphththknwrmb
ch:
beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherry
sh:
sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovel
wh:
whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisper
ph:
photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabet
th:
brotherfeatherleatherfathermother
th:
thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteeth
kn:
knobkneeknifeknockknit
wr:
wristwrinklewrapwreathwrite
mb:
thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb
第六天:
双/三辅音在一起时的联读(ConsonantBlends)
开头是辅音字母组合:
Beginningconsonantblends
结尾是辅音字母组合:
Endingconsonantblends
(ft,lf,lm,lp,lt,mp,nd,nk,nt,pt,sk,st)
blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdr
bl:
blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehair
fl:
flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflower
pl:
planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplant
cl:
clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclown
gl:
gloveglobeglassglueglassesglider
br:
brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrother
cr:
crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissant
gr:
graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandma
pr:
prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincesspray
fr:
frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframe
tr:
tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolley
dr:
dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink
重读s后ptk--bdg
sp:
spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspell
st:
stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstand
sc:
scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoop
sk:
skunkskisskirtskates
特殊读法
(1)-固定读音的单词(SightWord):
the,a,is,to,have,are,hey,love等.
特殊读法
(2)–带元音的特殊读法(IrregularVowels)
一个音节如只有一个元音,且以此元音结尾,这个元音发字母音(vowelattheend).如:
baby,me,hi,go,humor等等
air(hair),al,all(all,tall,mall,hall),alk(talk,walk),alt(halt,salt),
eigh(eight,weight),ed(stopped,added)
ind(behind),ild(mild,wild),igh(high,night,might),ire
ough(cough,through,ought,slough,plough),
ould(would,could),
tion(attention),sion(expression),
endingsounds:
ang,ong,ung,
ear字母组合有时发[i]音:
tear,dear,fear,gear,hear,near,shear,rear,sear
ear字母组合有时和air一样发[i]:
bear,tear,wear,pear,
iht字母组合发[ai]音:
right,light,night,fight,might,tight
特殊读法(3)–辅音的特殊读法
有一些辅音不发音(silentconsonants).如:
ghost,comb,lamb,write等
"c"和"k"在一起时,发一个音:
quick,black等.
"q"总是和"u"在一起:
quite,quick,quit,quilt等.
之所以指出这一点,是在这里u不能再被认为是元音,而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合.于是,在quite这个单词里只有两个元音,是双元音单词,第一个元音i发字母音,第二个元音e不发音.
"p"和"h"在一起,发"f"的音:
phone,photo.
复数s及末尾s的读音(Pluralsandthesoundsofendings)
c和g的两种读音:
如果i(或y)或者e跟在c或者g的后边,
c发”s”的音,g发”j”的音:
center,cigar,gem,giant,gym,
其他情况下c,g发其字母音:
can,clap,cup,great,glad.
双元音单词拼读(TwoVowelWords):
一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音. 如:
make,mail,may,hay,say,see,sea,five,tie,road,toe,cute等等.
闭音节:
(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)
如:
Sam,cat,mat,等等.
发字母的短音:
8.多音节单词和复合词(Wordswithmultiplesyllablesandcompoundwords)
n多音节单词:
believe,multiple,syllable,compound
n复合词:
homework,highway
自然拼音强化练习:
Tonguetwister
1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.
2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!
3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.
4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.
5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.
6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.
7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.
8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.
9.AtnoonItookagoodbook,andsatbythepoolinthewood.Isoontookoffmyboot.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh!
Howcool,howcool.
10.Thehunterandhishugehorsehidebehindinhouse.
11.BettybetterbutterBrad'sbread.
12.Twotinytigerstaketwotaxistotown.
13.Thefirstisthefirst.Thethirdisthethird.Thethirdcanbethefirst,Thefirstcanbethethird.
14.Sir,thisgirlwearingadirtyskirtisnotthefirst,butthethird.
15.Afleaandaflyflewupinaflue.Saidtheflea,"Letusfly!
"Saidthefly,"Letusflee!
"Sotheyflewthroughaflawintheflue.
16.Iwishyouwereafishinmydish.
17.Jean'sthreesheeparenearthegreenjeep.
18.Therearethirty-threethousandthreehundredandthirty-threefeathersonthatbird'sthroat.
19.Neitherfathernormotherlikesthisweather.
20.It’sagoat,sittinginaboat,wearingacoatandwritinganote.It’sabear,sittingonachair,holdingapearandcombingitshair.It’sacock,sittingonarock,wearingasockandlookingataclock.It’safly,wearing