美国文学 复习资料+答案.docx

美国文学 复习资料+答案.docx

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美国文学复习资料+答案

1.TheAmericanTranscendentalistsformedaclubcalled_________.

theTranscendentalClub

2.______wasregardedasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism.WashingtonIrving

3.Atnineteen___________publishedinhisbrother’snewspaper,his"JonathanOldstyle"satiresofNewYorklife.

4.InWashingtonIrving’swork___________appearedthefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature.TheSketchBook

5.ThefirstimportantAmericannovelistwas____________.JamesFenimoreCooper

6.JamesFenimoreCooper’snovel___________wasarousingtaleaboutespionageagainsttheBritishduringtheRevolutionaryWar.TheSpy

7.ThebestofJamesFenimoreCooper'ssearomanceswas_____________.ThePilot

8."ToaWaterfowl"isperhapsthepeakof_______________’swork;ithasbeencalledbyaneminentEnglishcritic“themostperfectbriefpoeminthelanguage.”WilliamCullenBryant

9.__________wasthefirstAmericantogainthestatureofamajorpoetintheworldliterature.

10.EdgarAllanPoe’spoem____________isperhapsthebestexampleofonomatopoeiaintheEnglishlanguage.TheBells

11.EdgarAllanPoe'spoem____________waspublishedin1845asthetitlepoemofacollection.TheRaven

12.FromHenryDavidThoreau’sConcordjailexperience,camehisfamousessay______.CivilDisobedience

Bythe1830sWashingtonIrvingwasjudgedthenation'sgreatestwriter,aloftypositionhelatersharedwithJamesFenimoreCooperandWilliamCullenBryant.

Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theattitudeofAmericanwriterswasshapedbytheirNewWorldenvironmentandanarrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditionofEurope.

Asamoralphilosophy,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematical.

ThefoundationofAmericannationalliteraturewaslaidbytheearlyAmericanromanticists.

Atmid-19thcentury,aculturalreawakeningbroughta"floweringofNewEngland".

Romanticwritersinthe19thcenturyplacedincreasingvalueonthefreeexpressionofemotionanddisplayedincreasingattentiontothepsychicstatesoftheircharacters.

Withavastgroupofsupportingcharacters,virtuousorvillainous,JamesFenimoreCoopermadetheAmericaconsciousofhispast,andmadetheEuropeanconsciousofAmerica.

NootherAmericanpoeteversurpassedEdgarAllanPoe’sabilityintheuseofEnglishasamediumofpuremusicalandrhythmicbeauty.

TheFalloftheHouseofUsherisoneofEdgarAllanPoe'sshortstories.

RalphWaldoEmersonwasrecognizedastheleaderoftranscendentalistmovement,butheneverappliedtheterm"Transcendentalist"tohimselfortohisbeliefsandideas.

In1836,RalphWaldoEmersonpublishedhisfirstbook,Nature,whichmetwithamildreception.

RalphWaldoEmerson'sprosestylewassometimesashighlyindividualashispoetry.

TheharshrhythmsandstrikingimagesofRalphWaldoEmerson’spoetryappealtomanymodernreadersasartfultechniques.

HenryWadsworthLongfellow’swritingsbelongtothemilderaspectsoftheRomanticMovement.

Americanromanticismwasinawayderivative:

AmericanromanticwritingwassomeofthemmodeledonEnglishandEuropeanworks.

RalphWaldoEmerson’saestheticsbroughtaboutarevolutioninAmericanliteratureingeneralandinAmericanpoetryinparticular.

HenryDavidThoreauwasanactiveTranscendentalist.  Hewasbynomeansan"escapist"orarecluse,butwasintenselyinvolvedinthelifeofhisday.

TheScarletLetterissetintheseventeenthcentury.ItisanelaborationofafactwhichtheauthortookoutofthelifeofthePuritanpast.

2. Transcendentalismtooktheirideasfrom___________.

A. theromanticliteratureinEurope

B. neo-Platonism

C. Germanidealisticphilosophy

D. therevelationsoforientalmysticism

ABCD

8.  Transcendentalistsrecognized__________asthe"highestpowerofthesoul.”

A.intuition   

10.TranscendentalismappealedtothosewhodisdainedtheharshGodofthePuritanancestors,anditappealedtothosewhoscornedthepaledeityofNewEngland

A.Transcendentalism                                     

B. Humanism

C. Naturalism                                                   

D. Unitarianism

D

13.ThedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonaturebecameapermanentconventionofAmericanliterature,evidentin_________.

A. JamesFenimoreCooper'sLeatherstockingTales

B.  HenryDavidThoreau’sWalden

C.  MarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinn

D.  NathanielHawthorne'sTheScarletLetter

ABC

14. Apreoccupationwiththedemonicandthemysteryofevilmarkedtheworksof_________,andahostoflesserwriters.

A.NathanielHawthorne                                 

B. EdgarAllanPoe

C. HermanMelville                                         

D. MarkTwain

ABC

16.InthenineteenthcenturyAmerica,Romanticsoftensharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics.Choosesuchcharacteristicsfromthefollowing.

A.  moralenthusiasm

B.  faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception

C.  adorationforthenaturalworld

D.  presumptionaboutthecorrosiveeffectofhumansociety

ABCD

17. ChooseWashingtonIrving'sworksfromthefollowing.

A.TheSketchBook                                        

B.BracebridgeHall

C.TalesofaTraveller                                   

D.AHistoryofNewYork

ABCD

18.  InJamesFenimoreCooper'snovels,closeafterNattyBumppoinromanticappeal,comethetwonobleredmen.Choosethemfromthefollowing.

A.theMohicanChiefChingachgook    

B.Uncas

C.TomJones                                                    

D.KublaKhan

AB

In1817,thestatelypoemcalledThanatopsisintroducedthebestpoet___________toappearinAmericauptothattime.

A.EdwardTaylor                                             

B.PhilipFreneau

C.WilliamCullenBryant                             

D.EdgarAllanPoe

CToaWaterfowlThanatopsis    

21.  Fromthefollowing,choosethepoemswrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.

A.ToHelen                                                      

B.TheRaven

C.AnnabelLee                                      

D.TheBells

ABCD

23.  EdgarAllanPoe'sfirstcollectionofshortstoriesis___________.

D.  TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque

24.  Fromthefollowing,choosethecharacteristicsofRalphWaldoEmerson'spoetry.

A.beinghighlyindividual                        

B.harshrhythms

C.lackofformandpolish                        

D.strikingimages

ABCD

25.  WhichbookisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson

A.RepresentativeMen                             

B.EnglishTraits

C.Nature                                           

D.TheRhodora

D

26.  WhichessayisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson？

A.OfStudies                                      

B.Self-Reliance

C.TheAmericanScholar                          

D.TheDivinitySchoolAddress

A

30.NathanielHawthorne'sabilitytocreatevividandsymbolicimagesthatembodygreatmoralquestionsalsoappearsstronglyinhisshortstories.Choosehisshortstoriesfromthefollowing.

A. YoungGoodmanBrown                        

B.TheGreatStoneFace

C.The AmbitiousGuest                              ABCD

D.EthanBrand

E.ThePearl

32.  HermanMelvillecalledhisfriendNathanielHawthorne_____________inAmericanliterature.

A. thelargestbrainwiththelargestheart

34.__________wasaromanticizedaccountofHermanMelville'sstayamongthePolynesians.ThesuccessofthebooksoonmadeMelvillewellknownasthe"manwholivedamongcannibals".Typee

37.  IntheearlynineteenthcenturyAmericanmoralvalueswereessentiallyPuritan.Nothinghasleftadeeperimprintonthecharacterofthepeopleasawholethandid__________.

A.Puritanism                         

"TheuniverseiscomposedofNatureandthesoul...Spiritispresenteverywhere".ThisisthevoiceofthebookNaturewrittenbyEmerson,whichpushedAmericanRomanticismintoanewphase,thephaseofNewEngland______Transcendentalism

43.  WhichisgenerallyregardedastheBibleofNewEnglandTranscendentalism？

A.Nature          

45._________isanappallingfictionalversionofNathanielHawthorne'sbeliefthat"thewrongdoingofonegenerationlivesintothesuccessiveones"andthatevilwillcomeoutofevilthoughitmaytakemanygenerationstohappen.

A.TheMarbleFaun                                

B.TheHouseofSevenGables

C.TheBlithedaleRomance                        

D. YoungGoodmanBrown

B

Onceuponamidnightdreary,whileipondered,weakandweary,

Overmanyaquaintandcuriousvolumeofforgottenlore,

WhileInodded,nearlynapping,suddenlytherecameatapping,

Asofsomeonegentlyrapping,rappingatmychamberdoor.

"Tissomevisitor,"Imuttered,"tappingatmychamberdoor—

Onlythis,andnothingmore."

Ah,distinctlyIrememberitwasinthebleakDecember,

Andeachseparatedyingemberwroughtitsghostuponthefloor.

EagerlyIwishedthemorrow;—vainlyIhadtriedtoborrow

Frommybookssurceaseofsorrow-sorrowforthelost.

EdgarAllanPoe

TheRaven

Describethemoodofthispoem:

Asenseofmelancholyoverthedeathofabelovedbeautifulyoungwomanpervadesthewholepoem,theportrayalofayoungmangrievingforhislostLeno-re,hisgriefturnedtomadnessunderthesteadyone-wordrepetitionofthetalkingbird.

Work3:

Nuture

1.AstheleadingNewEnglandTranscendentalist,EmersoneffectedamostarticulatesynthesisoftheTranscendentalistviews.Onemajorelementofhisphilosophyifhisfirmbeliefinthetranscendenceofthe"Oversoul".Hisemphasisonthespiritrunsthroughvirtuallyallhiswritings."Philosophicallyconsidered,"hestatesinNature,whichisgenerallyreg