北京大学考博英语真题及答案.docx

北京大学考博英语真题及答案.docx

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北京大学考博英语真题及答案

北京大学2002年博士研究生入学考试试题

PartOne:

  StructureandWrittenExpression

Direction:

Ineachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PuttheletterofyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（20%）

1.Thedoctor's____isthatshe'llsoonbeasgoodasnewifshetakesinsulinandwatchesherdiet.

  A.agnosticism  B.anticipation  C.diagnosis  D.prognosis

2.Itis____understoodbyallconcernedthatthewordnoonewhovisitshimeverbreatheasyllableofmhishearingwillremainforeverunspoken.

  A.uncommunicatively              B.acceptably

  C.tacitly                  D.taciturnly

3.  ____  springsnotoutoftrueanddeepadmiration,butmoreoftenoutofaself-seekingwishtoidentifywithsomeoneimportantorfamous.

  A.Acompliment                  B.Anadulatory

  C.Flattery                    D.Praise

4.Leavingforworkmplentyoftimetocatchthetrainwill___worryaboutbeinglate.

  A.ruleoff  B.prevent    C.avoid    D.obviate

5.NicholasChauvin,aFrenchsoldier,airedhisvenerationofNapoleonBonaparteso_____andunceasinglythathebecamethelaughingstockofallpeopleinEurope.

  A.vociferously                  B.patriotically

  C.verbosely                  D.loquaciously

6.Peoplesufferingfrom____prefertostayshutintheirhomesandbecomepanic-strickenmlargepublicbuildingsandopenfields.

  A,acrophobia                  B.agoraphobia

  C.claustrophobia                D.xenophobia

7.Allnormalhumanbeingsare____atleasttoadegree--theygetafeelingofwarmthandkinshipfromengagingingroupactivities.

A.segregated            B.congregational

C,gregarious              D.egregious

8.Heis___  drinker,whohasbeenimbibingforsolongthathehasfigurativelyspeaking,grownoldwiththevice.

A.aninveterate                  B.anincorrigible

  C.achronic                  D.anunconscionable

9.Welisteneddumb-struck,fullof_____,totheshockingdetailsofthecorruptionoftheex-presidentofthecompare.

  A.incredality            B.ingenuity

  C.ingenuousness          D.incredibility

10.Toomuch___canpossiblyleadtounhappiness,eventothoughtsofsuicideasfewpeoplehavethecouragetoanalyzethemselvesobjectivelyandminutely.

  A.retrospect                B.retrospection

  C.perspicacity            D.perspicuity

11.Hydrocarbons,___byengineexhausts,reactwithnitrogenoxidesinthepresenceofsunlighttoformcomplextoxicgases.

  A.aregivenoff                B.giveoff

  C.theyaregivenoff                D.givenoff

12.Hecouldhardly_____histemperwhenhesawthestateofhisoffice.

  A.holdin  B.holdup  C.holdoff  D.holdout

13.Thestatesmanwasevidently____bythejournalist'squestionsandglaredathimforafewseconds.

  A.putdown  B.putout  C.putacross  D.putaway

14.____,itiswidelyusedinmakingflaresandfireworks.

  A,Asthebrilliantwhitelightthatburningmagnesiumproduces

  B.Becauseofthebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesium

  C.Thebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesium

  D.Burningmagnesiumproducesabrilliantwhitelight

15.____totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothat

  ofthecollective?

  A.Wereyouused              B.Areyouused

  C.Didyouuse              D.Doyouused

16.Iwouldhavegonetothelecturewithyou____Iwassobusy.

  A.exceptthat  B.providedthat  C.butthat  D.onlythat

17.Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect_____  ahotelatthecomerof  thestreet.

    A.  gettingoffthetaxiandwalkinginto

    B.  gotoffthetaxiandwalkedinto

    C.  getoffthetaxiandwalkinto

    D.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto

18.Thechildis____alltheevidenceforhisopinion.

  A.notencouragedeithertobecriticalortoexamine

  B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamine

  C.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamine

  D.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine

19.Tobesure,therewouldbescarcelynotimeleftoverforotherthingsifschoolchildren__allsidesofeverymatteronwhichtheyholdopinions.

  A.wouldhavebeenexpectedtohaveconsidered

  B.wereexpectedtoconsider

  C.willbeexpectedtohavebeenconsidered

  D.wereexpectedtohaveconsidered

20.Wheneverworkisbeingdone,energy___fromoneformintoanother.

  A.converts  B.converted    C.isconverted  D.isbeingconverted

PartTwo:

ReadingComprehension

I.  Direction:

Eachofthepassagesisfollowedbysomequestions  Foreachquestionfouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebest

answertoeachquestion.PatyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（10%）

                    PassageOn

TheAerospaceBicycleThatFelltoEarth

（1）AradicalnewbicyclehaditsfirstpublicshowingattheNationalBritishCyclingChampionshipsinShrewsburylastweekend.Basedonthegoldmedal-winningdesignfromtheBarcelonaOlympics,itisthefirstcommercialmountainbikemadeofasinglepieceofcarbonfibre.

（2）Bicyclesforamateurshaveuptonownommadeofsteelaluminiumormagnesiumtubesweldedtogetherintotheconventional"A-flame"shape.Butlastyear,theBritishcompetitor  ChrisBoardmansetworldrecordswhilewinningtitlesintheOlympiccyclingpursuiteventsonacustom-built,carbon-fibrebicyclewithlowerweightandwindresistancethanstandardmodels.Becausecarbonfibreisbothlightandextremelystrong,itdoesnotneedtheA-frameshape,savingfurtherweight.Carbonfibrecanalsobemouldedinasinglepiece,avoidingtheweaknessofwelds.

    （3）,Thenewbike,whichwillcostbetween$2000and$3000whenitreachestheshopsnextmonth,hasthesameadvantagesastheOlympicmodel.Itweighsabout11kilograms,asavingof1.5kilograms  onmetalframes.Withnocrossbar,ithasalowercentreofgravity,makingiteasiertouseinraceconditions."Whenyou'redoingsomeaggressiveriding,youthrowthebikeaboutformsidetoside,"explainsEddieEccleston,,directorofBritishEagle,aBritishbicyclemanufacturerbasedinPowys,Wales,whichismarketingthebikes."Thelowcentreofgravitygivesyoubettercontrol."

      （4）TheframesarebeingmadeintheUSforBritishEaglebySPsystemsinCamarillo,California,whichhasclientsintheaerospaceindustry."Thisisaerospacetechnologybroughtintocyclingbyenthusiasts,"saysEccleston.WhenprofessionalstestedracingversionsofthebikebeforetheTourdeFrance,theywerequickerthanmetalversionsbyupto3secondsperkilometre.

      （5）Thenewdesignhasnostruts  betweenthesaddleandthebackwheel;instead,theframe'sflexibility  canbe"tuned"toindividualtastesbychangingthemixtureofKevlarfibreandcarbonfibreinthebackwheelstrut,allowingupto5centimetresofmovement.

      （6）Thecarbon-fibredesignhasalowercentreofgravityandsmootherback-wheelsuspensionthanconventionalbikes.

2l.ThenewbicycleexhibitedattheNationalBritishCyclingChampionshipswasradicalbecause_____

    A.  itwasmadefromthegoldmedal-winningdesignoftheBarcelonaOlympics

    B.  itwasthefastcommercialmountainbike

    C.  itspublicshowinglastweekendarousedmanypeople'scuriosity

    D.  itwasmadeofonesinglepieceofcarbonfibre

22.Accordingtothecontext,"bicyclesforamateurs"atthebeginningofthesecondparagraphreferstobicycles_____

    A.  thatpeoplebuyonlyforridingintheirdailylife

    B  thatareboughtbyamateurcyclists  wholikecyclingasanexercise

    C.  thatarebuiltforcustomersingeneral

    D.  thatnon-Olympiccompetitorsuse

  23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?

    A  Thenewcommercialbikehasnocrossbaranditscentreofgravityislower      thantheOlympicmodel.

  B.  Whentheriderisdoingsomeroughriding,thenewbike'slowcetnreof      gravitygiveshimbettercontrol.

  C.  Thenewbikeismadebyusingaerospacetechnologyandisquickerthantheconventionalbikeby3secondsperkilometre.

  D.  Thenewbikehasnometalbarbetweenthesaddleandthebackwheel,and      theamountofcarbonfibreusedinthebackwheelcanbechangedaccordingtotheuser'staste.

            PassageTwo

                  FreeAdviceIsJustAroundtheCorner

（1）WhenDanielFranklin,apoliticalscienceprofessorfromAtlanta,neededcareeradvancementadvice,hedidn'tturntocolleagues,therapistsorevenhismom.

（2）HewenttotheAdviceLadies.

    （3）ThreethirtysomethingNewYorkwomen,advertisingfreelancersbyday,haveturnedthemselvesintoSaturdayafternoonstreet-comeroracles,theypulluplawnchairsandatableonalowerManhattanstreetcomeranddishoutfreeadvicetopassersby.They'veclaimedthecomerofWestBroadwayandBroomeStreetinSohoastheirownforthelastseveralmonths.

    （4）AmyAlkon,who,withlongtimefriendsMarloweMinnickandCarolynJohnson,becomesapart-timeshrinkeachweekend."Weusecreativeproblem-solvingtoturnproblemintofun,"shesays.

    （5）Onarecentsteamyafternoon,alinehasformedinfrontoftheAdviceLadies'table.Obviously,NewYorkersneedplentyofhelp."Peoplefeeltheyhavenocontrolinthiscrazyworld.Andtherapycantakeyears,"Minnicksays."Wesolveproblemsinstantly,it's