英文科技论文写作常用句型.docx

英文科技论文写作常用句型.docx

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英文科技论文写作常用句型

英文科技论文写作常用句型

Beginning

1.Inthispaper,wefocusontheneedfor

2.Thispaperproceedsasfollow.

3.Thestructureofthepaperisasfollows.

4.Inthispaper,weshallfirstbrieflyintroducefuzzysetsandrelatedconcepts

5.Tobeginwithwewillprovideabriefbackgroundonthe

Introduction

1.Thiswillbefollowedbyadescriptionofthefuzzynatureoftheproblemandadetailedpresentationofhowtherequiredmembershipfunctionsaredefined.

2.Detailsonxxandxxarediscussedinlatersections.

3.Inthenextsection,afterastatementofthebasicproblem,varioussituationsinvolvingpossibilityknowledgeareinvestigated:

first,anentirelypossibilitymodelisproposed;thenthecasesofafuzzyservicetimewithstochasticarrivalsandnonfuzzyserviceruleisstudied;lastly,fuzzyserviceruleareconsidered.

Review

1.Thisreviewisfollowedbyanintroduction.

2.AbriefsummaryofsomeoftherelevantconceptsinxxxandxxxispresentedinSection2.

3.Inthenextsection,abriefreviewofthe....isgiven.

4.Inthenextsection,ashortreviewof...isgivenwithspecialregardto...

5.Section2reviewsrelevantresearchrelatedtoxx.

6.Section1.1brieflysurveysthemotivationforamethodologyofaction,while1.2looksatthedifficultiesposedbythecomplexityofsystemsandoutlinestheneedfordevelopmentofpossibilitymethods.

Body

1.Section1definesthenotionofrobustness,andarguesforitsimportance.

2.Section1devotedtothebasicaspectsoftheFLCdecisionmakinglogic.

3.Section2givesthebackgroundoftheproblemwhichincludesxxx

4.Section2discussessomeproblemswithandapproachesto,naturallanguageunderstanding.

5.Section2explainshowflexibilitywhichoften...canbeexpressedintermsoffuzzytimewindow

6.Section3discussestheaspectsoffuzzysettheorythatareusedinthe...

7.Section3describesthesystemitselfinageneralway,includingthe…..andalsodiscusseshowtoevaluatesystemperformance.

8.Section3describesanewmeasureofxx.

9.Section3demonstratestheuseoffuzzypossibilitytheoryintheanalysisofxx.

10.Section3isafinedescriptionoffuzzyformulationofhumandecision.

11.Section3,isdevelopedtothemodelingandprocessingoffuzzydecisionrules

12.ThemainideaoftheFLCisdescribedinSection3whileSection4describesthexxstrategies.

13.Section3and4showexperimentalstudiesforverifyingtheproposedmodel.

14.Section4discussesapreviousfuzzysetbasedapproachtocostvarianceinvestigation.

15.Section4givesaspecificexampleofxxx.

16.Section4istheexperimentalstudytomakeafuzzymodelofmemoryprocess.

17.Section4containsadiscussionoftheimplicationoftheresultsofSection2and3.

18.Section4appliesthisfuzzymeasuretotheanalysisofxxandillustrateitsuseonexperimentaldata.

19.Section5presentstheprimaryresultsofthepaper:

afuzzysetmodel..

20.Section5containssomeconclusionsplussomeideasforfurtherwork.

21.Section6illustratesthemodelwithanexample.

22.VariouswaysofjustificationandthereasonsfortheirchoicearediscussedverybrieflyinSection2.

23.InSection2arepresentedtheblockdiagramexpressionofawholemodelofhumanDMsystem

24.InSection2weshalllistacollectionofbasicassumptionswhicha...schememustsatisfy.

25.InSection2ofthispaper,wepresentrepresentationanduniquenesstheoremsforthefundamental

measurementoffuzzinesswhenthedomainofdiscourseisorderdense.

26.InSection3,wedescribethepreliminaryresultsofanempiricalstudycurrentlyinprogresstoverifythemeasurementmodelandtoconstructmembershipfunctions.

27.InSection5isanalyzedtheinferenceprocessthroughthetwokindsofinferenceexperiments...

ThisSection

1.Inthissection,thecharacteristicsandenvironmentunderwhichMRPisdesignedaredescribed.

2.Wewillprovideinthissectionbasicterminologiesandnotationswhicharenecessaryfortheunderstandingofsubsequentresults.

NextSection

2.Thenextsectiondescribesthemathematicsthatgoesintothecomputerimplementationofsuchfuzzylogicstatements.

3.However,itiscumbersomeforthispurposeandinpracticalapplicationstheformulaewererearrangedandsimplifiedasdiscussedinthenextsection.

4.Thethreecomponentswillbedescribedinthenexttwosection,andanexampleofxxanalysisofacomputerinformationsystemwillthenillustratetheiruse.

5.WecaninterprettheresultsofExperimentsIandIIasinthefollowingsections.

6.Thenextsectionsummarizesthemethodinafromthatisusefulforargumentsbasedonxx

Summary

1.Thispaperconcludeswithadiscussionoffutureresearchconsiderationinsection5.

2.Section5summarizestheresultsofthisinvestigation.

3.Section5givestheconclusionsandfuturedirectionsofresearch.

4.Section7providesasummaryandadiscussionofsomeextensionsofthepaper.

5.Finally,conclusionsandfutureworkaresummarized

6.Thebasicquestionsposedabovearethendiscussedandconclusionsaredrawn.

7.Section7istheconclusionofthepaper.

Chapter0.Abstract

1.Abasicprobleminthedesignofxxispresentedbythechoiceofaxxrateforthemeasurementofexperimentalvariables.

2.Thispaperexaminesanewmeasureofxxinxxbasedonfuzzymathematicswhichovercomesthedifficultiesfoundinotherxxmeasures.

3.Thispaperdescribesasystemfortheanalysisofthexx.

4.Themethodinvolvestheconstructionofxxfromfuzzyrelations.

5.Theprocedureisusefulinanalyzinghowgroupsreachadecision.

6.Thetechniqueusedistoemployanewlydevelopedandversatilexxalgorithm.

7.Theusefulnessofxxisalsoconsidered.

8.Abriefmethodologyusedinxxisdiscussed.

9.Theanalysisisusefulinxxandxxproblem.

10.Amodelisdevelopedforaxxanalysisusingfuzzymatrices.

11.Algorithmstocombinetheseestimatesandproduceaxxarepresentedandjustified.

12.Theuseofthemethodisdiscussedandanexampleisgiven.

13.Resultsofanexperimentalapplicationsofthisxxanalysisprocedurearegiventoillustratetheproposedtechnique.

14.Thispaperanalysesproblemsin

15.Thispaperoutlinesthefunctionscarriedoutby...

16.Thispaperincludesanillustrationofthe...

17.Thispaperprovidesanoverviewandinformationusefulforapproaching

18.Emphasisisplacedontheconstructionofacriterionfunctionbywhichthexxinachievingahierarchicalsystemofobjectivesareevaluated.

19.Themainemphasisisplacedontheproblemofxx

20.Ourproposedmodelisverifiedthroughexperimentalstudy.

21.Theexperimentalresultsrevealinterestingexamplesoffuzzyphasesof:

xx,xx

22.Thecompatibilityofaprojectintermsofcost,andxxarelikewiserepresentedbylinguisticvariables.

23.Adidacticexampleisincludedtoillustratethecomputationalprocedure

Chapter1.Introduction

Time

1.Overthecourseofthepast30years,..hasemergedformintuitive

2.Technologicalrevolutionshaverecentlyhittheindustrialworld

3.Theadventof...systemsforhashadasignificantimpactonthe

4.Thedevelopmentof...isexplored

5.Duringthepastdecade,thetheoryoffuzzysetshasdevelopedinavarietyofdirections

6.Theconceptofxxwasinvestigatedquiteintensivelyinrecentyears

7.Therehasbeenaturningpointin...methodologyinaccordancewiththeadventof...

8.Amajorconcernin...todayistocontinuetoimprove...

9.Axxisalatecomerinthepartrepresentationarena.

10.Atthetimeofthiswriting,thereisstillnostandardwayofxx

11.Althoughalotofeffortisbeingspentonimprovingtheseweaknesses,theefficientandeffectivemethodhasyettobedeveloped.

12.Thepioneerworkcanbetracedtoxx[1965].

13.Todate,noneofthemethodsdevelopedisperfectandallarefarfromreadytobeusedincommercialsystems.

Objective/Goal/Purpose

1.Thepurposeoftheinferenceenginecanbeoutlinedasfollows:

2.Theultimategoalofthexxsystemistoallowthenonexpertstoutilizetheexistingknowledgeintheareaofmanualhandlingofloads,andtoprovideintelligent,computeraidedinstructionforxxx.

3.Thepaperconcernsthedevelopmentofaxx

4.Thescopeofthisresearchliesin

5.Themainthemeofthepaperistheapplicationofrulebaseddecisionmaking.

6.Theseobjectivesaretobemetwithsuchthoroughnessandconfidenceastopermit...

7.Theobjectivesofthe...operationsstudyareasfollows:

8.Theprimarypurpose/consideration/objectiveof

9.Theultimategoalofthisconceptistoprovide

10.Themainobjectiveofsucha...systemisto

11.Theaimofthispaperistoprovidemethodstoconstructsuchprobabilitydistribution.

12.Inordertoachievetheseobjectives,anxxmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:

13.Inordertotakeadvantageoftheirsimilarity

14.moreresearchisstillrequiredbeforefinalgoalof...canbecompleted

15.Inthistrial,theobjectiveistogenerate...

16.forthesakeofconcentratingon...researchissues

17.Amajorgoalofthisreportistoextendtheutilizationofarecentlydevelopedprocedureforthexx.

18.Foranillustrativepurpose,fourwellknownORproblemsarestudiedinpresenceoffuzzydata:

xx.

19.Amajorthrustofthepaperistodiscussapproachesandstrategiesforstructuring..methods

20.Thisillustrationpointsouttheneedtospecify

21.Theultimategoalisbothdescriptiveandprescriptive.

Chapter2.LiteratureReview

23.Awealthofinformationistobefoundinthestatisticsliterature,forexample,regardingxx

24.Aconsiderableamountofresearchhasbeendone..duringthelastdecade

25.A