高一英语分词详解+习题+答案.doc

高一英语分词详解+习题+答案.doc

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分词的用法及练习

1Thestoryisinteresting.I’minterestedinit.

这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。

2.Thisisamovingfilm.

这是一部动人的电影。

3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,preparingalongspeechforthepresident.

秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。

4.Givenmoretime,I’lldoitwell.

如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。

Whenhepassedthebackofthestreet,hesawthethiefstealingsomemoneyfromthebank.

当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。

应注意的几个问题：

1．现在分词与过去分词的区别

DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?

=DoyouknowthewomanwhoistalkingtoTom?

Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.

=Thesoldierwhowaswoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.

ChinaisadevelopingcountryandAmericaisadevelopedcountry.

2．分词作表语

Thenewssoundsencouraging.

Theygotveryexcited.

1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：

Thenewsisinteresting.

Heisinterestedinthenews.

doing作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系；done作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。

2）表语与被动式的区别：

TheblackboardwasbrokenbyXiaoMing.（强调动作）

Theblackboardisbroken.You’dbetterhaveitrepaired.（强调状态）

3）常作表语的过去分词：

amused,injured,covered,known,dressed,lost,broken,gone,delighted,excited,pleased,satisfied,married,worried,surprised,interested,burnt,shut,crowded,wounded,drank,done

3．现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别

Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.（表语）

Thesituationinourcountryisencouragingthepeople.（现在进行时）

Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.（动名词）

能回答how-question的是现在分词，能回答what-question的动名词，即不能回答how-question也不能回答what-question的是现在进行时。

例如：

Howisthesituationinourcountry?

Itisencouraging.

Whatisyourjob?

Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.

4．注意的四种结构：

havesomethingtodo有某事要做

havesomethingdone使某事被做

havesomebodydosomething使某人做某事

havesomethingdoing让某事一直做着

5．需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：

seat,prepare,hide,dress

如：

Iseatedmyselfonthechair.

Iwasseatedonthechair.

6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：

分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。

Havingfinishedthehomework,Iwenthome.（时间）

BeingaPartymember,Ishouldworkhard.（原因）

Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.（条件）

Heranoutoftheclassroom,shoutingattheboy.（伴随）

Togetmoreknowledge,wemustworkharderandharder.（目的）

Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.（结果）

7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别

arunninghorse现在分词=ahorsethatisrunning

afallenleaf过去分词=aleafthathasalreadyfallen

awalkingstick动名词=astickforwalking

somethingtodo不定式=somethingthatIshoulddo

8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：

Ihaveaproblemtobediscussedatthemeeting.（将来）

ThebuildingbeingbuiltontheriveristheScienceMuseum.（正在进行）

Thebuildingcompletedthreeyearsagoisnowinbadconditions.（过去）

9．分词做状语需要注意的一个问题：

分词与句子主语的逻辑关系

Seeingfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.（错误）

Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.（正确）

Seeing与thecity不是主谓关系；seen与city是动宾关系

分词实战演练:

1.Theboywenttotheball,＿likeaprettygirl.

A.dressingB.wearingC.woreD.dressed

2.＿inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

3.Thefilmwasmade＿onatrueoldstory.

A.baseB.tobebasedC.basedD.basing

4.When＿,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted

5.＿tohisresearch,healmostforgoteverything.

A.DevotingB.DevotedC.TodevoteD.Devote

6.＿hisattentiononhisnovel,hedidn’tnoticetheteachercoming.

A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.Tofix

7.＿onhisnovel,hedidn’tnoticetheteachercoming.

A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.Tofix

8.Theoldengineertalkedofthedifficultythey＿thetower.

A.builtB.hadbuildingC.hadbuiltD.build

9.＿suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.

A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered

10.＿thepast,ourlifeisbecomingmuchbetter.

A.ComparingwithB.BecomparedwithC.TocomparewithD.Comparedwith

11.Theboywaslastseen＿neartheEastLake.

A.playingB.playC.playedD.toplay

12.Tomwasveryunhappyfor＿totheparty.

A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvited

C.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited

13.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor＿“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”

A.readB.readsC.readingD.toread

14.Wewenttoseehimyesterdayevening,＿himaway.

A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found

15.＿ofplastics,themachinesareeasytocarry.

A.TomakeB.HavingmadeC.BeingmadeD.Made

Suggestedanswers:

1-5DACAB

6-10BABAD

11-15ADCCD

3