初中英语阅读理解之主旨大意题PPT资料.pptx

初中英语阅读理解之主旨大意题PPT资料.pptx

《初中英语阅读理解之主旨大意题PPT资料.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语阅读理解之主旨大意题PPT资料.pptx（35页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

,主题、目的或标题,段落或文章,02,PARTTWO,主旨大意题的题型、标志词及设问形式,标题类,主旨大意题的题型、标志词及设问形式：

大意类,目的类,Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe_.,Thepassageismeantto.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto,ThemainideaofthepassageisThepassageismainlyaboutWhichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

Whatisthetopicofthispassage?

03,PARTTHREE,（议论文、记叙文、说明文）主旨大意题解题技巧,如何解答主旨大意题？

2.通读全文/段落，寻找主题句,4.排除干扰项,1.读题文章/段落，目的类/大意类/标题类,干扰项有什么特点？

1.以偏概全,2.断章取义,4.张冠李戴,3.主题扩大,5.无中生有,排除法,根据标题的特点（概括性、针对性、醒目性）排除干扰项,议论文的主旨大意题,1,什么是议论文？

提出见解，驳斥观点,摆事实、讲道理、辨是非,以理服人！

议论文的结构,1.“总论分论总论”式,总论=文章主旨大意分论=段落主旨大意,2.“总论分论”式,3.“分论总论”式,议论文的主题句一般在哪里？

首段或首句,Attention！

先提出别人的观点，,（however，but）作者进行驳斥，,再提出自己的观点！

【2014】,Thepurposeofparagraph3isto_.A.showhowanimalscanhelpwithillnessesB.discusstheproblemsofkeepingpetsC.describehowtotrainanimalhelpersD.introducesomenewmedicalresearch,Hereisacasethatshowsthebenefitsofanimals.Johnwasasix-year-oldmute.Hehadnophysicalproblems.Hejustrefusedtotalk.Hisoldercousin,Ned,hadaparrotcalledSally,andJohnusedtovisitit.Whenhearrived,Nedusedtosay,“Hi,John!

”Weallknowparrotscopywhattheyhear.Afterafewvisits,Sallybegansaying“Hi,John!

”whenJohncameintotheroom.Then,oneday,Johnturnedtotheparrotandreplied“Hi,Sally!

”StayingwiththeparrotencouragedJohntobegintalking.,1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat_.A.chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB.theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolateC.peoplelovevegetablesmorethanchocolateD.itsnotnecessarytoeatsomuchchocolate,Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?

Nowthatwouldbehard!

Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedontactsoon.,WhatisthebesttitleforParagraph2?

A.TheAgeandSizeofEarthB.OurGalaxy:

TheMilkyWayC.WhyIntelligentLifeMightExistD.Earth:

TheOnlyPlanetwithIntelligentLife,WhydoShostakandBarnettthinkintelligentlifeexistsonotherplanets?

Thefirstreasonistime.Scientistsbelievetheuniverseisabout12billionyearsold.“Thisislongenoughforotherplanetstohaveintelligentlife,”sayShostakandBarnett.Thesecondreasonissizetheuniverseishuge.“ToolsliketheHubbleTelescope（哈勃望远镜）haveshownthatthereareatleast100billiongalaxies,”saysShostak.“Andourgalaxy,theMilkyWay,hasatleast100billionstars.SomeplanetsgoingaroundthesestarsmightbesimilartoEarth.”,Thispassagetellsusmainlyabout_.A.theimportanceofguessinginlearningaforeignlanguageB.howtoguesswhatoneisgoingtotalkaboutC.someexamplesofrightguessingD.howimportantitistoguessallthetime,Oneofthethingstobelearntinaforeignlanguageisguessingallthetimewhatkindofthingtocomewhenlisteningtosomeonetalking.Peopledothisallthetimeintheirownlanguage,soitisnecessary（必要的）todothisinaforeignlanguage,too.Herearesomeexamples.1.Whatsthematter？

Iwenttoapartylastnight,soI2.Ifeelsotiredthesedays.Ithinkyoudbetter3.Ofcourse,sheneverstopstalking.SheisoneofthemostYoucanseefromtheabovethreeexamplesthatthecontext（上下文）helpsalotinunderstandingwhatisbeingtalkedabout.SoguessingisveryimportantinunderstandingEnglish,especially（尤其）spokenEnglish.,Intheworldtoday,allofthepeopleneedrecreation（消遣）.Wecannotworkallthetimeifwearegoingtokeephealthyandenjoylife.Everyonehashisownwayofrelaxing.Perhapsthemostpopularformistotakepartinsports.Thereareteamsports,suchasbasketballandfootball.Therearealsoindividual（个人的）sports,suchasswimmingandrunning.Skatingandmountainclimbingarethemostpopularrecreationforpeoplewholiketobeoutdoor（室外的）.Noteveryonewhoenjoyssportslikestotakepartinthem.ManypeoplelikewatchingthemonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio.Somanypeoplelikesomeformsofindoorrecreation,suchaswatchingTV,singinganddancing.Itdoesntmatterwhetherwelikeindoorrecreationortakepartinoutdoorsports.Itisimportantforeveryonetorelaxfromtimetotime,andenjoysomeformsofrecreation.,Thepassagetellsusthat.A.basketballisakindofteamsportsB.everyonewhoenjoyssportsshouldtakepartinthemC.differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofrelaxingD.indoorrecreationisnotasimportantasoutdoorsports,Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.BeesLoveBlueB.BeesLoveSyrupC.Bees,ColorandSyrupD.CanBeesSeeColor?

Tofindoutwhetherbees（蜜蜂）canseecolours,thefollowingexperimentismade.Aroundtableisputinagarden,andonthetableisapieceofbluecardboard（硬纸板）withadropofsyrup（糖浆）onit.Afterashorttime,beescometothesyrup.Thebeesthenflytotheirhive（蜂房）andgivethesyruptootherbeesinthehive.Thentheyreturntothefeeding-placewhichtheyhavefound.Afterawhile,thebluecardboardwiththesyruponitistakenaway.Insteadofthiscard,abluecardisnowputontheleftsideofthefirstfeeding-placeandaredcardtoitsright.Thesenewcardshavenosyruponthem.Verysoonbeesarriveagain,andflystraighttothebluecard.Nonegototheredcard.,Thetopicofthepassageis.A.HowtodrawahorseB.HowtowriteastoryC.HowtomakeyourownrulesD.Trusttoyourownpowers,Afriendofminewasfondofdrawinghorse.Hedrewthehorsesverywell,buthealwaysbeganthetail.NowitistheWesternruletobeginattheheadofthehorse,thatiswhyIwassurprised.Itstruckmethatitcouldnotreallymakeanydifferencewhethertheartistbeginsattheheadorthetailorthebelly（肚子）orthefootofthehorse,ifhereallyknowshisbusiness.Andmostgreatartistswhoreallyknowtheirbusinessdonotfollowotherpeoplesrule.Theymaketheirownrules.Everyoneofthemdoeshisworkinawaypeculiar（奇特的）tohimself;

andthepeculiaritymeansonlythathefindsitmoreeasytoworkinthatway.Nowtheverysamethingistruetoliterature（文学）.Andthequestion,HowshallIbegin?

onlymeansthatyouwanttobeginattheheadinsteadofbeginningatthetailorsomewhereelse.Thatis,youarenotyetexperienced（有经验的）enoughtotrusttoyourownpowers.Whenyoubecomemoreexperiencedyouwillneveraskthequestion,andIthinkthatyouwilloftenbeginatthetail-thatistosay,youwillwritetheendofthestorybeforeyouhaveeventhoughtofthebeginning.,Wanttostayawayfromcolds?

Putonahappyface.Comparedtounhappypeople,thosewhoarecheerfulandrelaxedarelesslikelytosufferfromcolds,accordingtoanewstudy.Itspossiblethatbeinghappyhelpsthebodyfightillnesses,saytheresearchersfromNewYorkUniversity.“Itseemsthatpositivefeelingsmayreducethedangerofillness,saidthestudyschiefresearcherSheldonCohen.Inanearlierstudy,Cohenfoundthatpeoplewhowerecheerfulandlivelycaughtcoughsandcoldslessoften.Peoplewhoshowedfeelingswerealsolesslikelytotelltheirdoctorsthattheyfeltill.Inthisstudy,Cohenhasinterviewed193adultseverydayfortwoweeks.Duringtheinterviews,thepeopletoldresearchersaboutweregivencoldsbydoctorsandhadtostayaloneinaroomforsixdays.Theresultsshowedthateveryoneinthestudywasequallylikelytogetill.Buyforpeoplewhosaidtheyfelthappyduringtheresearchperiod,theirillnessarelessseriousandlastedforashortertime.Cohenbelievesthatwhenpeopleexperiencepositivefeelings,theirbodymayproduceachemicalthathelpsfightillnessanddisease.Soifyouareworriedabutyourhealth,lookonthebrightsidemoreoften.,Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.SmilescanfightcoldsB.CauseofcoldsfoundC.ThedangerofcoldsD.Howpeoplegetsick,记叙文主旨大意题,2,什么是记叙文？

叙述人物的经历和事物发展变化,以事感人！

六要素：

人物、时间、地点、事件的起因、经过和结果,记叙文的结构,1.分-总2.总-分3.总-分-总,一般情况下文尾找主题句或者相关信息，提炼标题或归纳大意,Whatwasthefirstnewspaperstorymainly（主要）about?

A.SickchildreninChildrensHospitalB.DoctorsinChildrensHospital.C.Mrs.Weeksandherstudents.D.Toysmadebytheboysandgirls.,Mrs.Weekswasreadinganewspaperstorytoherclass.Thestorysaid,Wereyoueverinahospitalwhenyouweresmall?

Howdidyoufeel?

ThedoctorsinChildrensHospitalareaskingformoneyforchildrenstoys.Somechildreninthehospitalmuststayinbedformanyweeks.Toysareneededtokeepthesesickchildrenhappyandquiet.Moneyforthemcanbesenttothehospital.,Thepassageismainly（主要地）about.A.studentsB.abasketballgameC.resttimeD.schoolactivities,Wehavetwentyminutesrest（休息）betweenclasses.Look!

Mostofusareplayingduringtherest（课间）time.Somestudentsareontheplayground.Theyarehavingabasketball.Oh!

Aboyisrunningwiththeball.Andanotheristrying（尽力）tostophim.Theylooksocool.Andtherearesomegirlswatchingthegame.Somestudentsareintheclassroom.Theyaretalking.Afewofthemarereadinganddoinghomework.Look!

Agirlislookingatthebirdsinatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.Shemustbethinkingofsomethinginterestingbecausesheissmiling（微笑）.Whataretheteachersdoing?

Someofthemareworkingintheoffice.Andsomearetalkingwithstudents.Everyoneisdoinghisorherthings.Busybuthappy!

Themainideaofthewholestoryisthat_.A.RomansdidnotliketostayhomeB.peopleinoldRometalkedalottoeachother.C.Latinchangedasitmovedfromlandtoland.,Longago,peopleinRome（罗马）talkedtooneanotherinLatin（拉丁文）.PupilsinschoollearnedtoreadandwriteinLatin.BooksareinLatin.SomeRomans（罗马人）wenttootherpartsoftheworld.Theytooktheirlanguagewiththem.SoonLatinwasusedinmanycountries.Itbecameaworldlanguage.PeopleinothercountriesdidnottalkinLatinthesameway.Ineachland,theychange