20届高考英语二轮 专题2 阅读理解第3节 词句猜测题 2代词指代题Word下载.docx
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GillianFlynn
Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.
TheStand
StephenKing
Thisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.
21.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?
A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.
C.JoUsmar.D.RoaldDahl.
答案 C
解析 代词指代题。
由标题MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段内容可知,文章是以JoUsmar的口吻进行写作的。
故选C。
22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?
A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.
C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.
解析 细节理解题。
根据AfterDark部分中的第一句“It’sabouttwosisters—Eri,amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping,andMari,ayoungstudent.”可知答案为C。
23.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?
A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.
C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.
答案 D
根据GoneGirl部分中的“...thehorrorstoryisbrilliant.”可知答案为D。
一、题型解读
代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多,动作转换频繁的语境中,考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词。
有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。
设问形式常有:
(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/it/them/which...”referto?
(2)Theunderlinedpart“it/that/they/which...”inParagraph...refersto“”.
二、解题技巧——“就近原则”判指代
第一步:
明确代词所指代内容的位置
代词永远出现在原词之后,故代词所指代的内容在这一句的前面一句中,或者前几句中。
第二步:
熟悉代词的含义
(1)it/this/that可指代一件事。
(2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物。
(3)which/that/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词,非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容。
第三步:
替换核实再比较
(1)用所找的指代内容替换画线代词,核实句意是否合理,前后内容是否一致。
(2)比较所代部分与选项,确定意思最接近的选项。
例如:
【真题感悟】中第21题。
故C选项正确。
A
[2019·
江西省名校(临川一中、南昌二中)联考]
Haveyoueverspentanafternooninthebackyard,maybegrillingorenjoyingabasketballgame,whensuddenlyyounoticethateverythinggoesquiet?
Thereisanoldphrase“calmbeforethestorm”,oftenusedinasituation—aquietperiodjustbeforeagreatactivityorexcitement.Accordingtoourownexperience,weknowthereisactuallycalmbeforethestorm.Butwhat8causesthiscalm?
Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm?
Aperiodofcalmhappensinaparticularkindofstorm,thesimplestkindofstorm—asinglecellthunderstorm.Inthistypeofthunderstorm,thereisusuallyonlyonemainstreamof9current,whichiswarm,5dampairanddrawnfromplacesneartheground.Stormsneedwarmanddampairasfuel,sotheytypicallydrawthatairinfromsurroundingenvironment.Stormscandrawintheairthatfittheirneedfromalldirections—evenfromthedirectioninwhichthestormistraveling.
11Asthewarm,dampairispulledintoastormsystem,itleavesalowpressurevacuum(真空)comingafter.Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds,thusthetemperatureofthewarm,dampairdrops,andthewatervaporinitchangesinto6tinydropsthatarea1preconditionofrain.Thesedrops2accumulateandbuildonlargerparticles(颗粒)likedust,untiltheygrowlargeenoughto10formraindrops.
Thiswarm,dampairkeepsmovingupwards,butitbecomescooleranddrierduringitstripthroughcloud.Whenitreachesthetopofthecloud,theairissqueezedoutatthetop.Thisairissentrollingoutoverthebigthunderclouds.Fromthere,theairgoesdown.Warmanddryairisrelativelystable,andonceitcoversaregion,thatair,inturn,causesthecalmbeforeastorm.
Mostthunderstorms,though,don’tstartwithcalm.That’sbecausemostareactuallygroupsofstormswithcomplexwindpatterns.There’ssomuchairmovingupanddownstormgroupsthatthecalmbeforethestormneverhappens.Instead,beforethestorm,itmightbereallywindy!
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,解释了暴风雨来临前的平静的原因,并指出并非所有的暴风雨都始于平静。
1.Whichbestfitsthedescriptionofaparticularkindofstorm?
A.Athunderstormwithasingleshape.
B.Athunderstormwithoutstrongwinds.
C.Astormwithairdrawnfromeverydirection.
D.Astormfueledbymovingairfromtheground.
根据第二段第二句的内容“在这种类型的雷暴中,通常只有一股主要气流,那就是来自地面附近温暖潮湿的空气”可知,特殊的雷暴是指由地面移动的空气推动的风暴。
故D项正确。
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?
A.Thewarmandwetair.
B.Thewarmanddryair.
C.Thecoldandwetair.
D.Thecoldanddryair.
答案 A
根据画线词前的“Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds,thusthetemperatureofthewarm,dampairdrops”可知,上升的空气与干冷空气相遇,因此温暖潮湿的空气的温度下降,其中的水蒸气变成微小的水滴,这是下雨的先决条件,由此可知,画线词指的是前面提到的温暖潮湿的空气,故A项正确。
3.Whichdoesthewritermostlikelyagreeto?
A.Presenceofthecalmreliesonstableair.
B.Allthunderstormsdon’tstartwiththecalm.
C.Thedriertheairis,thebiggerthestormwillbe.
D.Stormhappenswithoutairmovingupanddown.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Mostthunderstorms,though,don’tstartwithcalm.”可知,然而,大多数雷暴并非始于平静,由此可知,并非所有的暴风雨都始于平静,故B项正确。
4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Abriefintroductionofapeacefulstorm.
B.Apersonalexperienceofaheavystorm.
C.Anexplanationofthecalmbeforeastorm.
D.Ananalysisofcausesandeffectsofastorm.
解析 主旨大意题。
根据第一段中的“Butwhatcausesthiscalm?
Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm?
”可知,本文主要解释了暴风雨来临前的平静的原因,故C项正确。
B
湖南长沙雅礼中学模拟)
Ateamofinternationalscientistsisduetosetofffortheworld’sbiggesticeberginamissionaimingtoanswerfundamentalquestionsaboutthe7impactofclimatechangeinthepolarregions.12Thescientists,ledbytheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS),aretryingtoreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf.
Lastyear,partoftheLarsenCiceshelfcalved(崩解)away,formingahugeiceberg—A68—whichisfourtimesbiggerthanLondon,andrevealinglifebeneathforthefirsttime.Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.MarinebiologistDrKatrinLinsefromtheBASisleadingthemission.
“ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudy3marinelifeasitrespondstoahugeenvironmentchange,”shesaid.“Itisimportantthatwegettherequicklybeforetheunderseaenvironmentchangesassunlightentersthewater.”
ProfessorDavidVaughan,sciencedirectorattheBAs,said,“Weneedtobebold(大胆的)onthisone.LarsenCisalongwaysouthandthere’slotsofseaiceinthearea,butthisisimportantscience,sowewilltryourbesttogettheteamwheretheyneedtobe.”HesaidclimatechangehadalreadyaffectedtheseaaroundAntarcticaandiswarmingsomecoastalwaters.“Futurewarmingmaymakesomehabitatswarm.Wherethesehabitatssupportuniquespeciesthatareadaptedtolovethecoldandnotthewarm,thosespeciesaregoingtoeithermoveordie.”
ThereisgrowingconcernaboutthepossibleimpactofclimatechangeintheAntarctic.Earlierthismonth,areportrevealedthatmeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaarespeedingupthealreadyfastpaceofthesealevelrise.Theresearch,publishedbytheNationalAcademiesofScience,EngineeringandMedicine,said,“Atthecurrentrate,theworld’soceanwillbe,onaverage,atleast60cmhigherbytheendofthecentury.”However,itfoundthattheprocessis4accelerating,andmorethanthreequartersoftheaccelerationsince1993isduetomeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarctica,thestudyshows.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。
南极地区的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山——A68冰山。
冰山下面显现的新的海洋生态系统为科学家提供了研究未知的海洋生物的机会。
5.Whyarethescientistseagertogototheiceberg?
A.Tostudyhowtheicebergwasformed.
B.Tostudyanewlydiscoveredecosystem.
C.Toexploreanewwaytopreventclimatechange.
D.ToexplorethegeographyoftheLarsenCiceshelf.
由第二段倒数第二句“Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.”可知,科学家着急赶去世界最大的冰山是为了在其受到光照影响之前研究这座冰山下面的新的海洋生态系统。
故选B。
6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisone”inthefourthparagraphreferto?
A.TheLarsenCiceshelf.
B.ClimatechangeinAntarctica.
C.TheA68icebergwiththeecosystembeneathit.
D.TheconditionofanimalspeciesinAntarctica.
由第三段“ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudymarinelife...”可知,A68冰山的形成为科学家提供了研究海洋生物的独一无二的机会,所以ProfessorDavidVaughan认为科学家要果敢地抓住这次机会,故thisone指的是A68冰山和它下面的生态系统。
7.WhatcanwelearnabouttheA68icebergfromthetext?
A.ItisasbigasLondon.
B.ItispartofaniceshelfintheArctic.
C.Itwilldisappearinaveryshorttime.
D.IthasuncoveredanunknownecosysteminAntarctica.
由第二段中的“...whichisfourtimesbiggerthanLondon...”可知A选项错误;
由第四段第二句中的“LarsenCisalongwaysouthandthere’slotsofseaiceinthearea...”可知拉森C冰架位于南极地区,故B选项错误;
由第一段最后一句中的“toreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf.”可知D选项正确。
C选项在文中没有提到。
8.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.ThereisnoneedtoworryaboutclimatechangeinAntarctica.
B.TheicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaaremeltin