On improving students speaking ability.docx

On improving students speaking ability.docx

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Onimprovingstudentsspeakingability

Onimprovingstudents’speakingability

　　Abstract

Withtheopening-upofChina,Englishteachinghasbeengettingmoreandmoreattention,especiallysinceBeijingwonthebidtoholdthe2008OlympicGames.PeopleareenthusiasticaboutlearningEnglish.Asaresult,Englishteachingandreformarecomingtoaturningpoint,whichpredictsabrightfutureinEnglisheducationinChina.

Now,a9-yearvoluntaryeducationprogramisputforwardinChina.AStandardEnglishcourseisbeingusedtoreplacetheformerteachingoutline.ThenewstandardadoptstheinternationalsystemaccordingtowhichEnglishlanguageeducationisdividedinto9levels.Thishaschangedtheoldstyleofteaching,whichattachesimportancetogrammarandvocabulary.Adoptingthenewstandardhelpstodevelopthestudents’abilitytouseEnglishintheirdailylife,byfocusingonarousingtheirinterest,andencouragingtheirparticipation.

Thenewmethodwillplacelessstresson“readingandwriting”,infavorof“listening”and“speaking”.Sonow,speakingisgettingmoreandmoreimportantinmiddleschoolEnglishteaching.

Thispaperdiscusshowtoimprovestudents’speakingabilityandexpoundthethemethroughthreeaspectsasfollows:

⒈Theimportanceofspeaking.

⒉Somebarriersintheprocessofspeakingcommunication.

⒊Essentialmethodsforimprovingstudents’speakingability.

TheissuewillbediscussedfromtheperspectiveofateacherofEnglishinjuniormiddleschoolandapossibleconclusionwillbereachedwiththehelpofsometheoreticalandpracticalsupport.

Keywords:

speaking、communication、ability、middleschool、Englishteaching.

摘要：

随着改革开放深入，英语教学越来越引起人们的重视，尤其北京成功深奥。

人们都热中于英语学习。

所以英语教改进入一个转折点，面临着美好的未来。

现在，在九年制义务教育中，标准英语课程以取代以前的教学模式。

根据英语语言教育分成九个等级，新课标采用了国际体制，改变了旧的方法。

新的教学方式通过引起学生的兴趣，鼓励他们参与去培养学生日常生活中运用英语的能力。

新的方法重在听力和口语，因此现在口语在中学英语教学中越来越重要。

本文主要讨论如何提高学生的口语能力，从下面三个大的方面阐述：

1.说的重要性。

2.口语交流过程中的一些障碍。

3.提高口语能力的基本方法。

本文从初中英语教师的观点，并且从理论和实际结合中得出结论。

关键词：

口语交流能力中学英语教学

1.Introduction

Englishisapopularlanguage--especiallyinthenewcentury.Asisknowntousall,itisthemostwidelyusedlanguageinthedevelopingworldandit’sgettingmoreandmoreimportantnowadays.Recentestimatessuggestthatmorethan400millionpeoplespeakitastheirfirstlanguage,withmorethan1800millionpeoplespeakingitassecondlanguage.Itisanofficiallanguageinalargenumberofcountriesandiswidelyusedinairtrafficcontrolandacademicgatherings.①

Nowadays,withtheopening-upofChina,Englishteachinghasbeengettingmoreandmoreattention,especiallysinceBeijingwonthebidtoholdthe2008OlympicGames.PeopleareenthusiasticaboutlearningEnglish.MostofourstudentsbegintolearnEnglishfromGrade3inprimaryschools.However,classroomteachinghaslongbeentheonlywaytolearnEnglishinChina,andthemethodhasusuallyinvolvedcramminggrammar-translationknowledgeintolearningalanguage.ButthisapproachofteachingandlearningEnglishisevidentiallypassive,becauseitgoesagainsttheprincipleofEnglishteaching,whichrequiresthatlisteningandspeakingtaketheleadinEnglishteaching,andonthebasisofthesetwoskills,readingandwritingwillbecultivated.SospeakingasoneofthefourlanguageskillshasplayedaveryimportantroleinEnglishteachinginmiddleschools.Allthecommunicationsareestablishedonthebasisofspeaking.Tobeabletohaveagoodpronunciationandtone,thatis,speakingwellcangiveyouconfidenceincommunication.Indailylifespeakingisthebestwaywhichmakethecommunicationofinformationbecomemorequickly,especiallyinthepresentsocietywithsuchquickdevelopmentofpeople’slifepace.soitisnecessaryforthestudentstodeveloptheabilityofspeaking.What’smore,withthereformationofnewprocessofteaching,itrequiresthatthestudentswillhavetheexpressingabilitytoreceiveandpassinformationinEnglishinrealoccasions.Butmanystudentsoftencanspeakwellinclassorinrelaxedoccasions,andwhentheyareputinarealcondition,theycan’t.Whydoesitappear?

Well,itisaffectedbymanyelementsOneoftheelementsistheirEnglishspeakingability..SoitdemandstheEnglishteachersinjuniorschoolstodevelopthestudent‘sspeakingability.Soalsoitisnecessaryfortheteacherstohelpthestudentsdeveloptheabilityofspeaking.

Ihaveobservedthestudents’speakingEnglishsinceIbecameateacher.Ifindmanystudentsoftencanspeakwellinclassorinarelaxedoccasion.ButwhenIinvitesomeforeignteacherstotalktothem,theybecomeverygoodaudiences.Somestudentswouldliketosaysomething,butoftentheforeignteachercan’tunderstandwhattheysay.Why?

Becausetheyhavenogoodphoneticsorcorrectgrammars.Thenwhydon’tsomeofthemsayanything?

Theiranswersarethattheyareafraidtomakemistakes.Andalsosomeofthestudentssaythattheyhavenoenoughvocabulariestoexpress.Theywanttosaysomething,butsuddenlytheycan’trememberthewordsrtheydon’tknowtheavailablewords.Andontheotherhand,byanalyzedthestudents’book,IfindthespeakingEnglishisgettingmoreandmore,butbothsometeachersandstudentsdon’tfindityet.Sotheyaren’tabletoemphasizethespeakingEnglishduringtheteaching.Littlebylittle,thestudents’speakingabilitycan’tbeimprovedeffectively.Sofacingwiththeseriesofproblems,Iattemptmyteachingmethodtoteachthepresenttwosmallclasses,includingsixtystudents.Ihopetheycanmakealargerprogressfromthevocabulary,mental,phoneticsuntilnextyearwhentheywillgraduate.

importanceofspeaking

Theimportanceofspeakingexistinginthelanguageofhumanbeings

“Languageisvocal,thismeansthatspeechistheprimarymediumoflanguage.Whilewritingissecondary.Firstly,foranylanguagespeechexistedlongbeforethewritingsystemcameintobeing.Eventodaylanguageswhichhavelonelyaspokenformoutnumberlanguagewhichhaveawell-developedwritingsystem.Secondly,normalchildrenalwayslearntospeakfirst.Theybegintoreadandwriteonlywhentheyhavereachedtheschoolage.Thirdly,speechismoreimportantthanwritingforpeople’sdailylife.Apersonwhocan‘treadandwriteisonlyan‘illiterate’.However,apersonwhocan‘tspeakisnormallyregardedas‘disabled’.②

Sospeechisveryimportantinthedevelopmentofhumanbeings.

Thepositionofspeakinginthefourlanguageskills

Ofthefourlanguageskills（listening,speaking,reading,&writing）,listeningtakesthefirststep.However,communicationisatwo-wayactivity.Whenyoucanunderstandwhatissaidtoyou,becauseofsomereasons,youcan‘tspeakoutwhatyoumean,thenthecommunicationcan’tbecontinued.Sothiscommunicationwillbecomeafall.Duringthelearningofalanguage,listeningandreadingareaprocessofunderstandingandabsorption,speakingandwritingareaprocessofexpressionanduse.Understandingandabsorptionarefoundationwhileexpressionanduseareimprovement.Thatis,theformerisaprocessofinput;thelatterisaprocessofoutput.Withoutthelatter,thedevelopmentofthelanguagepracticalabilitytounderstandandabsorptionwillbemeaningless.ItisimpossibletomastertheEnglishandtoformtheabilitytouseEnglishcomprehensivelyonlyrelyingontheinputoflanguage.Theexpressionofspokenandwrittenshouldalsobeusedtocheckandimprovethelanguageabsorptionandthethinkingability.Whilethelanguageinputisincreased,thefavorablepracticalactivitiesofoutputwillalsobedoneconstantlyonthebasisofunderstanding.Andthefinalaimoflanguageteachingistodevelopthestudents’abilitytocommunicateintheformofspokenandwritten.AndoftenthespokenEnglishismorethanthewrittenEnglishinlanguageusing.Especiallyinmodernsocietywithsoquickstep,undoubtly,speakingcommunicationisthequickestway.AlthoughinthemodernInternetworld,E-mailalsogivepeoplemoreconvenient,whentheywriteandreadtheE-mail,theywillspendmoretimethanspeakingdirectly.What’smore,writingcan‘texpressthewriter’sfeelings,quicklyanddirectly,andthereadercan‘tunderstandthewriter‘sfeeling.Forexample,onepersonisangrynow.Andhewantstotellhisfriendhispresentfeeling.Sohewritestohisfriendwhocan‘tunderstandhisfeelingjustbyreadinghisletterorE-mailbetter.Butifhecanspeaktohisfrienddirectly,thenhisfriendcanknowhisfeelingbyhistoneorexpression.Andhecanalsoknowhowmuchhisangeris.Sothisisaquickanddirectspeakingeffect.Meanwhile,readingandwritinghavenothiseffect.Ontheotherhand,itisonlyourtonguethatbuildsacommunicationbridgebetweenthelistenerandthespeaker.Thereby,thelisteningabilitymustrelyonthespeakinginaway.Moreover,itisprovedthatifthespeakingistrainedbest,itwillbehelpfulforstudents’confidencetolearnEnglish.

Theimportanceofspeakingexistingintheteachingsyllabus

Theaimsofteachingsyllabusstipulatesthat“EnglishteachinginmiddleschoolsaremainlytotrainstudentstohaveadefinitefoundationoflisteningandspeakingsoastoattaintheaimtocommunicatecomprehensivelywithothersinEnglish.”③ItrequirestheteachersofEnglishtoorganizetheir45-minuteclassinEnglishtocreatealivingandlivelyEnglishenvironmentofEnglishlearning.Thusthestudents’listeningandspeakingwillbespontaneouslytrainedandbepracticed.

Theimportanceofspeakingreflectedinthetextbook

Today,thenewlycompiledseriesoftextbooksofteachingandlearning,differentfromthoseoldones,whichonlyemphasizeonthegrammarandtranslation,havebeenusedwidelyinourcountry.Thoseou