钻井英语Drilling Rig ComponentsWord格式.docx

钻井英语Drilling Rig ComponentsWord格式.docx

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14.FuelTank

15.ElectricalControlHouse

16.MudPumps

17.BulkMudComponentTanks

18.MudTanks（Pits）

19.ReservePit

20.Mud-GasSeparator

21.ShaleShakers

22.ChokeManifold

23.PipeRamp

24.PipeRacks

25.Accumulator

Additionalrigcomponentsnotillustratedatright.

26.Annulus

27.Brake

28.CasingHead

29.Cathead

30.Catwalk

31.Cellar

32.ConductorPipe

33.Degasser

34.Desander

35.Desilter

36.Drawworks

37.DrillBit

38.DrillCollars

39.Driller'

sConsole

40.Elevators

41.HoistingLine

42.Hook

43.Kelly

44.KellyBushing

45.KellySpinner

46.Mousehole

47.MudReturnLine

Equipmentusedindrilling

48.RamBOP

49.Rathole

50.RotaryHose

51.RotaryTable

52.Slips

53.Spinningchain

54.Stairways

55.Standpipe

56.SurfaceCasing

57.Substructure

58.Swivel

59.Tongs

60.Walkways

61.WeightIndicator

CrownBlockandWaterTable

Anassemblyofsheavesorpulleysmountedonbeamsatthetopofthederrick.Thedrillinglineisrunoverthesheavesdowntothehoistingdrum.

CatlineBoomandHoistLine

Astructuralframeworkerectednearthetopofthederrickforliftingmaterial.

DrillingLine

Awireropehoistingline,reevedonsheavesofthecrownblockandtravelingblock（ineffectablockandtackle）.Itsprimarypurposeistohoistorlowerdrillpipeorcasingfromorintoawell.Also,awireropeusedtosupportthedrillingtools.

Monkeyboard

Thederrickman'

sworkingplatform.Doubleboard,tribbleboard,fourableboard;

amonkeyboardlocatedataheightinthederrickormastequaltotwo,three,orfourlengthsofpiperespectively.

TravelingBlock

Anarrangementofpulleysorsheavesthroughwhichdrillingcableisreeved,whichmovesupordowninthederrickormast.

TopDrive

Thetopdriverotatesthedrillstringendbitwithouttheuseofakellyandrotarytable.Thetopdriveisoperatedfromacontrolconsoleontherigfloor.

Mast

Aportablederrickcapableofbeingerectedasaunit,asdistinguishedfromastandardderrick,whichcannotberaisedtoaworkingpositionasaunit.

DrillPipe

Theheavyseamlesstubingusedtorotatethebitandcirculatethedrillingfluid.Jointsofpipe30feetlongarecoupledtogetherwithtooljoints.

Doghouse

Asmallenclosureontherigfloorusedasanofficeforthedrillerorasastorehouseforsmallobjects.Also,anysmallbuildingusedasanofficeorforstorage.

BlowoutPreventer

Alargevalve,usuallyinstalledabovetherampreventers,thatformsasealintheannularspacebetweenthepipeandwellboreor,ifnopipeispresent,onthewellboreitself

WaterTank

Isusedtostorewaterthatisusedformudmixing,cementing,andrigcleaning.

ElectricCableTray

Supportstheheavyelectricalcablesthatfeedthepowerfromthecontrolpaneltotherigmotors.

EngineGeneratorSets

Adiesel,LiquefiedPetroleumGas（LPG）,naturalgas,orgasolineengine,alongwithamechanicaltransmissionandgeneratorforproducingpowerforthedrillingrig.Newerrigsuseelectricgeneratorstopowerelectricmotorsontheotherpartsoftherig.

FuelTanks

Fuelstoragetanksforthepowergeneratingsystem.

ElectricHouse

Ondieselelectricrigs,powerfuldieselenginesdrivelargeelectricgenerators.Thegeneratorsproduceelectricitythatflowsthroughcablestoelectricswitchesandcontrolequipmentenclosedinacontrolcabinetorpanel.Electricityisfedtoelectricmotorsviathepanel.

MudPump

Alargereciprocatingpumpusedtocirculatethemud（drillingfluid）onadrillingrig.

BulkMudComponentsinStorage

Hoppertypetanksforstorageofdrillingfluidcomponents.

MudPits

Aseriesofopentanks,usuallymadeofsteelplates,throughwhichthedrillingmudiscycledtoallowsandandsedimentstosettleout.Additivesaremixedwiththemudinthepit,andthefluidistemporarilystoredtherebeforebeingpumpedbackintothewell.Mudpitcompartmentsarealsocalledshakerpits,settlingpits,andsuctionpits,dependingontheirmainpurpose.

ReservePits

Amudpitinwhichasupplyofdrillingfluidhasbeenstored.Also,awastepit,usuallyanexcavated,earthen-walledpit.Itmaybelinedwithplastictopreventsoilcontamination.

MudGasSeparator

Adevicethatremovesgasfromthemudcomingoutofawellwhenakickisbeingcirculatedout.

ShaleShaker

Aseriesoftrayswithsievesorscreensthatvibratetoremovecuttingsfromcirculatingfluidinrotarydrillingoperations.Thesizeoftheopeningsinthesieveisselectedtomatchthesizeofthesolidsinthedrillingfluidandtheanticipatedsizeofcuttings.Alsocalledashaker.

ChokeManifold

Thearrangementofpipingandspecialvalves,calledchokes,throughwhichdrillingmudiscirculatedwhentheblowoutpreventersareclosedtocontrolthepressuresencounteredduringakick.

PipeRamp

Anangledrampfordraggingdrillpipeuptothedrillingplatformorbringingpipedownoffthedrillplatform.

PipeRacks

Ahorizontalsupportfortubulargoods.

Accumulator

Thestoragedevicefornitrogenpressurizedhydraulicfluid,whichisusedinoperatingtheblowoutpreventers.

Annulus

Thespacearoundapipeinawellbore,theouterwallofwhichmaybethewallofeithertheboreholeorthecasing;

sometimestermedtheannularspace.

Brake

Thebrakingdeviceonthedrawworkstostopaloadbeinglifted.

CasingHead

Aheavy,flangedsteelfittingconnectedtothefirststringofcasing.Itprovidesahousingforslipsandpackingassemblies,allowssuspensionofintermediateandproductionstringsofcasing,andsuppliesthemeansfortheannulustobesealedoff.Alsocalledaspool.

Cathead

Aspool-shapedattachmentonawincharoundwhichropeforhoistingandpullingiswound.

Catwalk

Therampatthesideofthedrillingrigwherepipeislaidtobeliftedtothederrickfloorbythecatlineorbyanairhoist.

Cellar

Apitinthegroundtoprovideadditionalheightbetweentherigfloorandthewellheadtoaccommodatetheinstallationofblowoutpreventers,ratholes,mouseholes,andsoforth.Italsocollectsdrainagewaterandotherfluidsfordisposal.

ConductorPipe

Thelargestdiametercasingandthetopmostlengthofcasing.Itisrelativelyshortandencasesthetopmoststringofcasing.

Degasser

Theequipmentusedtoremoveunwantedgasfromaliquid,especiallyfromdrillingfluid.

Desilter

Acentrifugaldevice,similartoadesander,usedtoremoveveryfineparticles,orsilt,fromdrillingfluid.Thiskeepstheamountofsolidsinthefluidtothelowestpossiblelevel.

Drawworks

Thehoistingmechanismonadrillingrig.Itisessentiallyalargewinchthatspoolsoffortakesinthedrillinglineandthusraisesorlowersthedrillstemandbit.

DrillBit

Thecuttingorboringelementusedindrillingoilandgaswells.Mostbitsusedinrotarydrillingareroller-conebits.Thebitconsistsofthecuttingelementsandthecirculatingelement.Thecirculatingelementpermitsthepassageofdrillingfluidandusesthehydraulicforceofthefluidstreamtoimprovedrillingrates.

DrillCollar

Aheavy,thick-walledtube,usuallysteel,usedbetweenthedrillpipeandthebitinthedrillstem.Itisusedtoputweightonthebitsothatthebitcandrill.

DrillersConsole

Thecontrolpanel,locatedontheplatform,wherethedrillercontrolsdrillingoperations.

Elevators

Asetofclampsthatgripsastand,orcolumn,ofcasing,tubing,drillpipe,orsuckerrods,sothestandcanberaisedorloweredintothehole.

HoistingLine

Awireropeusedinhoistingoperations.MustconformtotheAPIstandardsforitsintendeduses.

Hook

Alarge,hook-shapeddevicefromwhichtheelevatorbailsortheswivelissuspended.Itisdesignedtocarrymaximumloadsrangingfrom100to650tonsandturnsonbearingsinitssupportinghousing.

Kelly

Theheavysquareorhexagonalsteelmembersuspendedfromtheswivelthroughtherotarytable.Itisconnectedtothetopmostjointofdrillpipetoturnthedrillstemastherotarytableturns.

KellyBushing

Adevicefittedtotherotarytablethroughwhichthekellypasses.Itisthemeansbywhichthetorqueoftherotarytableistransmittedtothekellyandtothedrillstem.Alsocalledthedrivebushing.

KellySpinner

Adeviceforspinningthedrillpipe.Replacesthespinningchain.

Mousehole

Shallowboresundertherigfloor,usuallylinedwithpipe,inwhichjointsofdrillpipearetemporarilysuspendedforlaterconnectiontothedrillstring.

MudReturnLine

Atroughorpipe,placedbetweenthesurfaceconnectionsatthewellboreandtheshaleshaker.Drillingmudflowsthroughituponitsreturntothesurfacefromthehole.

RamBlowoutPreventer

Ablowoutpreventerthatusesramstosealoffpressureonaholethatiswithorwithoutpipe.Itisalsocalledarampreventer.Ram-typepreventershaveinterchangeableram