高考英语译林版大一轮讲义Book 1 Unit 2 Word版含答案.docx
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高考英语译林版大一轮讲义Book1Unit2Word版含答案
Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子,写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思
1.Indiaattainedindependencein1947,afteralongstruggle.n.独立
2.Tomtoldthepolicethathehadanargumentwithhiswifebeforeheleft.n.争吵
其他意义:
n.论点,论据
3.Hesaidsomeveryhardthingstome,whichmademeupsetverymuch.adj.苛刻的
其他意义:
adv.努力地;费力地
4.Hehasalwaysbeenverykeenondoingphysicalexercises.adj.身体的
5.Itwassuggestedinthemeetingthatthisproblemshouldbehandledimmediately.vt.处理;应付
Ⅱ.语境填词
背一背
1.faultn.过错,错误
2.scenen.(戏剧的)一场;场面;景色
3.upsetadj.不高兴的,失望的vt.使不高兴,使失望
4.defendvt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护
5.deservevt.值得;应得;应受
6.normaln.&adj.正常(的),一般(的)
7.insistvi.坚持,坚持认为
8.explanationn.解释,说明
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]
1.Ifsomethingisupsettingyou,it’sagoodideatotalkaboutit.
2.Hemighthavegotthepraisebuttherewerealotofotherpeoplewhodeservedittoo.
3.Thetownwallswerebuiltasadefenceagainstenemyattacks.
4.Shelefttheroomabruptlywithoutexplanation,whichletusataloss.
5.Normallyspeaking,apermanentfriendshipneedsmutualtoleranceandunderstanding.
6.AsIgrewupinavillageatthefootofamountain,thevisittherecalledupscenesofmychildhood.
Ⅲ.拓展提升
背一背
1.frightenedadj.受惊的;害怕的
→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的
→frightenvt.使惊吓,使惊恐
→frightn.惊吓;恐怖
2.starvevi.挨饿;饿死vt.使挨饿
→starvingadj.饥饿的
→starvationn.饥饿
3.toleratevt.容忍;允许
→tolerantadj.宽容的,容忍的
→tolerancen.忍受;宽容
4.guidancen.指导,引导
→guidevt.指导n.有指导意义的事物;导游
5.harmvt.&n.伤害
→harmfuladj.有害的
→harmless(反义词)adj.无害的;无恶意的
6.patiencen.耐心
→patientn.病人adj.有耐心的
7.tendvi.往往;趋向vt.照看
→tendencyn.趋势
8.balancevt.&vi.&n.平衡;抵消
→balancedadj.平衡的
练一练 [用所给单词的正确形式填空]
1.Weshouldbalanceworkandlifeandhaveahealthy,balanceddiet.(balance)
2.Thedoctorpatientlylistenedtothepatient,andtoldhimthatthetreatmentneededpatience.
(patience)
3.Withoutyourguidanceandencouragement,wecouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress,sowedecidetoengageyouasourguide.(guide)
4.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful(harm),thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?
5.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.
6.Thereisagrowingtendencythatemployerstendtohirecasualstaff.(tend)
Ⅳ.选词填空
背一背
1.turnup调高(音量);出现,露面
2.can’twaittodosomething迫不及待地做某事
3.besupposedto应该……,应当……
4.behardon对……苛刻,对……严厉
5.nowthat既然;由于
6.leaveout漏掉;删掉
7.mixup混淆,弄乱;搅匀,拌和
8.insiston坚持,坚持认为
9.atpresent现在
10.gothrough经历;仔细检查
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]
1.MissYangpromisedtoattendmybirthdayparty,butshehasn’tturnedupsofar.
2.Don’tbetoohardontheboy;afterall,hedidn’tmeantodoit.
3.Youaresupposedtoaskforpermissionifyouwanttotakephotosinthemuseum.
4.Themostimportantwordsinthissentencehavebeenleftout,soitdoesn’tmakeanysense.
5.Atpresent,Idonothaveinformationonthemeetingyouaskedabout.
6.Thepolicewentthroughthebuildingthoroughly,buttheyfoundnoevidencethatwouldhelpthemtocatchthethief.
Ⅴ.仿写运用
背一背
1.But,but...youweren’tsupposedtocomehomeuntiltomorrow!
可是,可是……你们应该明天才回家的呀!
2.Theroomisinamess,withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.
房间里一片狼藉,地板上扔着许多比萨饼盒子,洗碗池里堆着未洗的碗碟。
3.Danielhashisarmscrossedandlooksupset.
丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前,看上去很不高兴。
4.Also,everytimeIwatchaDVDhesendsmetobedortellsmetospendmoretimestudying.
还有,每一次我看DVD时,他就打发我去睡觉或要我多花时间学习。
5.Sometimesheactsasifhedoesn’tloveusatall.
有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。
练一练 [用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]
1.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendsothattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.(not...until...)(2018·天津)
我们到本周末再摘这些桃子吧,以便它们吃起来足够甜。
2.Withsomanyproblemstosettle,Ican’tgoouttoseeafilmwithyou.(with复合结构)
有那么多问题要解决,我不能与你外出看电影。
3.Hehadhiscarrepairedsoonaftertheaccident.(havesth.done)
事故后不久他就找人把车修理了。
4.EverytimemyfathercomestoBeijing,hegoestovisittheMonumenttothePeople’sHeroeswithrespect.(everytime)
我父亲每次来北京,都要去瞻仰人民英雄纪念碑。
5.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.(asif)
整个事情我都记得很清楚,就像发生在昨天一样。
1.“青少年”集中营
(1)teenager青少年
(2)youth青少年;青年
(3)adolescent青少年
(4)youngster少年
(5)junior年少者;晚辈
(6)theyoung年轻人
2.动词转化为名词时以ance结尾的词
(1)guide→guidance
(2)appear→appearance
(3)rely→reliance
(4)assist→assistance
(5)perform→performance
3.as短语全接触
(1)asamatteroffact实际上
(2)asawhole总的来说
(3)asarule通常
(4)asaresult结果
(5)asusual照例;照常
(6)asto/for至于;关于
(7)asfollows如下
(8)asif/though好像
4.“at+n.”短语串串记
(1)atpresent现在
(2)athand在手边
(3)atlength最终,终于
(4)atrest安息;静止
(5)atrisk处境危险
(6)atease无忧无虑
frightenedadj.恐惧的,害怕的,受惊的
(1)befrightenedtodosth.不敢做某事;害怕做某事
befrightenedof/that...害怕……
(2)frightenvt.使吃惊;惊吓;吓唬
frightensb./sth.away/off把某人/物吓走
frightensb.into/outofdoingsth.吓唬某人做/不做某事
frightensb.todeath把某人吓坏了,吓得要死
(3)frighteningadj.令人恐惧的,可怕的
(4)frightn.害怕;惊吓
withfright害怕地
单句语法填空
(1)Toseepolicemenwithgunsintheairportforthefirsttimewasfrightening(frighten).
(2)Seeingthis,Iwassurprised.Meanwhile,myhorsegotfrightened(frighten),jumpedup,andranaroundwildly.(2018·浙江)
(3)HedroveataspeedwhichfrightenedLaratodeath.
(4)Whenevershethoughtofit,shewastremblingwithfright.
完成句子
(5)Hefrightenedtheoldladyintosigningthepaper.
他用恐吓的手段使那位老太太在纸上签了字。
一句多译
(6)一想到即将到来的考试,我心里就害怕。
①Thethoughtofmycomingexamfrightenedme.
②Whatfrightenedmewasthethoughtofmycomingexam.
③Iwasfrightenedatthethoughtofmycomingexam.
starvevi.挨饿;饿死vt.使挨饿
(1)starvetodeath饥饿而死
starvefor(=longfor=beeagerfor)sth.渴望某物
bestarvedof/for缺乏
starvesb.intodoingsth.断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
(2)starvationn.饥饿;挨饿
dieofstarvation饿死
单句语法填空
(1)Theytriedtostarvethearmyintogivingin.
(2)Theygotlostinthedesertandstarvedtodeath.
(3)Thesepeoplefaceincreasedriskofstarvation(starve)anddisease.
(4)Asweknow,everyonestarvesforsuccess.
句型转换
(5)IfithadnotbeenforthemoneyhelentmeIcouldhavestarvedtodeath.
→IfithadnotbeenforthemoneyhelentmeIcouldhavediedofstarvation.
toleratevt.容忍;忍受;允许
(1)tolerate(sb.)doing...容忍(某人)做……
(2)tolerantadj.忍受的,容忍的;宽容的
betolerantof/towards对……容忍
(3)tolerancen.容忍;忍耐力
单句语法填空
(1)IfIwereherstaff,Ireallywouldn’ttoleratebeingscolded(scold)byhereveryday.
(2)Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtolerance(tolerate)forriskaswell.
完成句子
(3)Perhapsyouneedtobemoretolerantof/towardsyourneighbors.
也许你需要对邻居更加宽容。
联想发散
表示“容忍;忍受”的其他表达还有:
stand,bear,putupwith等。
scenen.(戏剧的)一场;场面;景色;现场;事发地点
onthescene在现场;当场;在台上
behindthescenes在幕后;暗中
appear/comeonthescene出场;登场
单句语法填空
(1)Reportersweresoononthesceneaftertheaccident.
(2)Thosewhoworkedbehindthescenes(scene)aretherealheroesofthisproject.
(3)Sincethen,plentyofnew,seriousbuyershavecome(come)onthescene.
句型转换
(4)Tomsaidthemostmemorablescenewastheonewheresheate.
→Tomsaidthemostmemorablescenewastheoneinwhichsheate.
用法点拨
scene有“场景;场面;地点”的含义,后接定语从句,且关系词在从句中作状语时,一般用关系副词where或inwhich来引导。
upsetadj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的;不高兴的;失望的
vt.使不安;使心烦;打翻;使失望
(1)beupsetabout/by/oversth.为某事心烦
beupsettodosth.对做某事感到不安
(2)Whatupsetssb.is...让某人心烦的是……
Itupsetssb.todosth.做某事使某人感到不舒服/不安。
Itupsetssb.that...让某人心烦的是……
单句语法填空
(1)Iammostupsettohear(hear)thathisfatherlosthisjob.
(2)Shewasdeeplyupsetabout/by/overthewayherfathertreatedher.
句式升级
(3)Hewasupsetthathisproposalwasnotdiscussedatthemeeting.
①Whatupsethimwasthathisproposalwasnotdiscussedatthemeeting.(用what主语从句改写)
②Itupsethimthathisproposalwasnotdiscussedatthemeeting.(用it作形式主语改写)
③Hisproposalwasnotdiscussedatthemeeting,whichupsethim.(用非限制性定语从句改写)
用法点拨
upset是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词仍然是upset;形容词upset在句中常用作表语,当作“(肠胃、身体)不适”解时,既可作表语也可作定语。
deservevt.值得;应受(报答或惩罚);应得
deservetodosth.值得做……;应该做……
deservetobedone(=deservedoing/n.)值得被做
deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意
单句语法填空
(1)Hedoesn’tdeservetowin(win)anyrespectfromanybodyjustbecausehedoesnotknowhowtorespectothers.
完成句子
(2)DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
乞力马扎罗山应该背负一座被游客毁掉了宁谧意境的拥挤之山的名声吗?
(3)Withthegainsandlossescarefullyweighed,weareconfidenttheplanreallydeservestrying/atry/tobetried.
仔细衡量了得与失,我们相信这个计划值得尝试。
一句多译
(4)你在会上提的这个建议值得考虑。
①Thissuggestionyouputforwardatthemeetingdeservesconsideration.
②Thissuggestionyouputforwardatthemeetingdeservesconsidering.
③Thissuggestionyouputforwardatthemeetingdeservestobeconsidered.
用法点拨
当物作主语时,deserve后接doing,主动形式表示被动意义,等于接动词不定式的被动式。
有相同用法的动词还有:
need,want,require等。
insistvi.坚持认为;坚决主张
insiston坚持
单句语法填空
(1)Thedoctorinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperated(operate)onimmediately.
一句多译
(2)他坚持要我同他一起去。
①HeinsistedthatI(should)gowithhim.
②Heinsistedonme/mygoingwithhim.
③HeinsistedonitthatI(should)gowithhim.
链接高考
(3)老师坚持主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。
(2017·天津,书面表达)
Theteacherinsistedthateveryminute(should)bemadefulluseoftodotheworkwell.
用法点拨
(1)insist表示“坚持说,坚持认为”时,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决主张,坚持要求”时,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)do”。
(2)insist后面既不接不定式也不接动名词,遇此情况要用insiston。
insist后也不接带不定式的复合结构。
harmn.&vt.伤害;损害
(1)doharmtosb.(=dosb.harm)伤害某人
causeharmtosb.伤害某人
meannoharmto...对……没有恶意
Thereisnoharmindoing...做……无害处。
(2)harmfuladj.有害的;造成损害的
beharmfulto对……有害
(3)harmlessadj.无害的;无辜的
单句语法填空
(1)Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmful(harm)aswell.
(2)Someboysaretoocrazyaboutplayinggamesonthecomputer,whichisveryharmfultotheirstudy.
句型转换
(3)Ifusedimproperly,themedicinewilldoharmtoyou.
→Ifusedimproperly