future drivingWord下载.docx

future drivingWord下载.docx

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MaywepresenttheCNN10:

Futureofdriving.

Thankstoon-boardcomputersthatoperateeverythingfromthestereoandnavigationtothebrakesandaccelerator,theeraof"

bigdata"

iscomingtotheautomobile.

Liketheirdeskboundbrethren,theserollingcomputersproduceanenormousamountofdata–mostlyaboutpeople'

sbehaviorbehindthewheel–thatcanbeanalyzedtospottrendsandfightinefficiencies.Andthankstothisdata,yourcarmaysoonknowwhereyouwanttogobeforeyouevenpulloutofthedriveway.

Mercedes-Benzisdevelopingasystemthatovertimepromisestolearnyourschedule,tastesandevenyourmoods.Forexample,itknowsthatyouleavethehouseeveryweekdayat7:

30a.m.totakeyourkidstoschoolandthatyoulikethecabinatoasty75degrees.BasedonGPSandsatellitedata,itquicklylearnsyourpreferredroutesandtracksreal-timetrafficproblems,soitcansuggestdetourstohelpyousavetime.

ThecarcaneventunetheradiototheDisneychanneluntilyoudropoffthekids,atwhichtimeitwillrecommendNPR.Intheafternoons,itknowsyouusuallypreferhip-hop.

"

salmostlikethecar'

sbecomingaware,"

saysM.BartHerring,generalmanagerforproductsforMercedes-Benz."

Becauseitcanmakereallysmartdecisions."

Fordhasdevelopedasystemforitshybridcarsthattrackswhereandhowanownerdriveseachdaytomaximizefueleconomy.Thatdatacanbeusedtoalterhowthehybridsystembehaves--whenthegasolineenginecomesontogeneratepower,andwhenthecarrunsonelectricityonly--togetthemostdrivingrange.Forexample,ifyourcarrecognizesyou'

realmosthome,itwillswitchovertoelectricpowerknowingyou'

llsoonbeabletorechargethebattery.

Thisallhappenswithoutthedriverhavingtopunchinadestinationonthecar'

sGPS.Thecarwillsimplyhavelearnedthatwhenyougetinyourcarat8a.m.onaTuesdayyouarealmostcertainlyabouttotakethesamerouteyoutakeeveryTuesdayatthattime.

Ofcourse,allthisdataaboutmotorists'

whereaboutsraisesconcernsaboutprivacy,especiallyifautomakersweretosellthatdatatomarketers.AreportlastmonthbytheGovernmentAccountabilityOfficefoundthatcarmakersdonotappeartobesharinganylocationdatathatwouldpersonallyidentifydrivers,althoughtheautomakers'

privacypracticesremainconfusing.

Meanwhile,manynewvehiclemodelstodayhavesensorsconnectedtothepedalsandsteeringwheelthatdetectexactlywhatyou'

redoingwiththosecontrols,whileseparatesensorsconnectedtothewheelsandenginedetectwhatthecarisdoinginresponse.

Thatinformationisstoredinaneventdatarecorder,sometimescalleda"

blackbox."

It'

sdifferentfroma"

blackbox"

inanairlinerbecauseitdoesn'

trecordthecar'

spositionorconversationsinsidethepassengercompartment.Butitiscontinuallyrecordingeverythingthedriverdoeswiththecontrols.

Intheeventofacrash,itstopsrecordingandpreservesthatlastfewsecondsofactivity.Withacourtorder,police,attorneysandinsurancecompaniescancollectthatdatatoseewhetheradriverwasspeedingorfailedtotakeevasiveactiontoavoidawreck.

Progressive,theinsurancecompany,hasfoundthathowyouuseyourbrakes--specifically,whetheryoutendtomakeshort,suddenstopsorlonger,gentleones--canbeanexcellentpredictorofwhetheryou'

relikelytofileinsuranceclaims.

That'

swhyProgressive'

sSnapshottool,adevicethattapsintoyourcar'

scomputersystems,monitorsonlyyourbrakingbehavior.That'

senoughfortheautoinsurertodecidewhetheryoudeserveabreakonyourinsurancepremiums.（Hint:

Gentlebrakingwillsaveyoumoney.）

So,thenexttimeyoubuyanewcar,remember:

Whileyou'

regettingtoknowhowyournewridehandlesitselfontheroad,yourcarisalsogettingtoknowyou.

ConnectedCars

Forseveralyearsnow,we'

vebeenhearingaboutanearfutureinwhichallofourdigitaldevicescommunicatewitheachother.Yourfridgenoticesthatyou'

reatthegrocerystore,forexample,andsendsamessagetoyourphonesayingyou'

reoutofmilk.Oryouroventextsyouwhenthepotroastisdone.

Nowthisso-called"

Internetofthings"

iscomingtothehighway.Ascarsgrowmoreandmorecomputerized,theywillbeabletotrademessagesabouttraffic,weatherandroadconditions.Moreurgently,theycanbroadcasttheirspeedanddirectionandwarneachotheraboutpotentialsafetyhazards,suchaswhenanearbyvehicleisdriftingintoyourlane.

IfIcangetinformationfromthecarnexttomethatthey'

regoingtoturnright,thatwouldbegreat,"

explainsMaartenSierhuis,directorofNissan'

sresearchcenterinSiliconValley.Heimaginesadaywheninformationaboutalmostallvehiclesisstoredinthecloudandaccessiblebyall."

Itwouldbelikecrowdsourcingthedrivingexperience."

Thistechnologyiscalledvehicle-to-vehiclecommunications,orV2Vforshort,andit'

snotfaroff.

Inthefirsttestofitskind,almost3,000carsandtrucksequippedwithprototypeV2VdeviceshavebeendrivingaroundAnnArbor,Michigan,overthepastyear-and-a-halfaspartofapilotprogrambytheUniversityofMichiganandtheU.S.DepartmentofTransportation.

Thedevicesemitashort-rangesafetysignal10timespersecondandcandetectsignalsfromothervehiclestodeterminewhenapotentialaccidentisimminent.Carsequippedwiththedevicesemitbeepswhentheydetectpotentialhazardssuchasanothervehicleenteringanintersection,apedestrian,apatchoficeoreventheirdriverspeedingtoofastaroundacurve.

Researchersarestillcrunchingthedata,soitmaybetoosoontosaywhetherAnnArbor'

snetworkofconnectedcarsmadeitsstreetssafer.Butfederaltransportationofficialsarealreadysoldonthetechnology,whichtheyestimatecouldprevent76%ofthecrashesonU.S.roads.

Earlierthismonth,theNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationannounceditwillmoveforwardwithplanstorequireV2Vtechnologyonallcarsandlighttrucks,possiblyasearlyas2017.Thetechwouldcomestandardonallnewvehiclesandcouldeasilybeaddedtoolderonesaswell.

V2Vcrashavoidancetechnologyhasgame-changingpotentialtosignificantlyreducethenumberofcrashes,injuriesanddeathsonournation'

sroads,"

saysNHTSAActingAdministratorDavidFriedman."

Decadesfromnow,it'

slikelywe'

lllookbackatthistimeperiodasoneinwhichthehistoricalarcoftransportationsafetyconsiderablychangedforthebetter."

ThisV2Vtechnologywouldonlysendwarningstodrivers.Butfuturesystemscouldautomaticallytakeoverbrakingorsteeringiftheysensedanimminentcollision,federalofficialssay.Carmakersalsoareexperimentingwithothermethodsofwarningdriversofimpendingdangers,suchasvibratingsteeringwheels.

Driverhealth

Wehumansareflaweddrivers.Wesometimesgetbehindthewheelwhilesleepyorevendrunk,andwe'

reeasilydistracted,whetherbyourelectronicdevicesorsomethingprettyoutsideourwindow.

Inthegravestcircumstances,wecanevenhaveastrokeorheartattackbehindthewheel.

Thisiswhyresearchers,appdevelopersandcarcompaniesaredevelopingtechnologytomonitorflesh-and-blooddriversandhelpthemavoidaccidents.Advancedsensorsinthepassengercabincanmonitoradriver'

svitalssuchasheartrate,eyemovementsandbrainactivitytodetecteverythingfromsleepinesstoaheartattack.

Nissanisexperimentingwithanarrayoftechnologythatdetectsdrunkendriving.Asensorinthetransmissionshiftknobcanmeasurethelevelofalcoholinadriver'

ssweat,whilethecar'

snavigationsystemcansoundanalarmifitdetectserraticdriving,suchasweavingacrosslanes.

TheUniversityofLeicesterisworkingonasystemthataimsLEDlightsatthedrivertotracktheireyemovementsanddetermineiftheyarepayingattentiontotheroad.

Butevenawakeandalertdriverscangetdistracted.Audiistestinganattentionguardthatusescamerastomonitorthedriver'

sheadposition.Ifadriverlooksawayfromtheroadfortoolongandthecar'

ssensorsseeitiscominguponanothervehicle,thecarwillsoundanalarmandevenslowdowntopreventacollision.

Theoverallobjectiveistokeepyousafe,tokeepyoumoving,"

saysMohanTrivedi,directorofUCSanDiego'

slabforintelligentandsafeautomobiles,whohasworkedwithAudionthetechnology."

Oneoftheotherthingsisastress-free,enjoyablerideforthedriver."

Thentherearesystemsthatusesensorstokeeptabsonadriver'

s