无损检测对接焊缝射线工艺规程Word格式文档下载.docx
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2.2TheNDELevelⅠshallreceivethenecessaryinstructionorsupervisionfromacertifiedNDELevelⅡorLevelⅢExaminer.TheNDELevelⅡshallreceivetheinstructionorsupervisionfromaNDELevelⅢExaminer.
2.3Accordingtotherespectiveresponsibilityrange,allexaminersshallcompletetheexaminationconformingtothereferencingASMECodeSections,standardsandwritteninstructions.Theyshallassuretheworkingquality.
3.Equipment,ToolsandMaterials
TheLevelⅡExaminershallselecttheequipment,toolsandmaterialstoassurethattheyareincompliancewiththefollowingconditionsandtherequirementoftheexaminationinstruction.
3.1Oneofthex-rayequipmentshallbeselectedfromTable1.
Table1
1.概述
1.1本工艺规程适用于按ASME规范第Ⅷ卷第Ⅰ册要求制造的压力容器的对接焊缝的x射线照相检测。
1.2必要时,本工艺规程应由探伤作业指导书进行补充以规定更详细的变量,此指导书由NDEⅢ级人员编制。
2.检测人员资格
2.1从事射线探伤的检测人员必须按南京宝色钛业有限公司的<
<
NDE人员培训、考试、资格鉴定和认证实施细则>
>
(文件号:
QCD-011)进行资格考核评定。
2.2NDEⅠ级须接受合格的Ⅱ级或Ⅲ级必要的指导或监督。
NDEⅡ级须接受NDEⅢ级的指导或监督。
2.3根据各自的职责范围,所有检测人员应按ASME规范有关卷,标准和作业指导书进行检测并保证工作质量。
3.设备、器材
Ⅱ级人员所选用的设备、器材应能保证符合下列条件和探伤作业指导书的要求。
3.1X射线设备应从表1中选用。
Type
Mfr.
Max.Tube
Voltabe(KVp)
Current(mA)
Foc.Size
(mm)
Permittedmax.materialthick(mm)
Steel
Ti
Zr
xx-2505
Beijing
250
5
2x2
38
63
22
xx-3005
Dandong
300
1.0x2.3
46
70
28
表1
类型
制造厂家
最大管电压
KVp
最大管电流
mA
焦点尺寸
允许的材料最大穿透厚度mm
北京
丹东
3.2Film
FilmselectionshallbeinaccordancewithSE-1815,StandardTestMethodforFilmSystemsfor
3.2胶片
胶片须根据SE-1815工业射线照相的胶片系统分类的标准测试方法来选择。
胶片分类表应由胶片制造厂提供。
胶片
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IndustrialRadiography.Theclassificationtableoffilmshallbeprovidedbythefilmmanufacturer.FilmsystemclassesSpecial,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,W-A,andW-Barepermitted.Dependingonthex-raypenetrationthickness,asuitablefilmshallbeselected.Whenusingtwofilmsmethod,twodifferenttypesoffilmshallbeselected.
3.3Screen
AsuitableleadscreenshallbeselectedfromTable2.
Table2
系统分为特殊、Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,W-A,和W-B。
应根据X射线穿透厚度,选择合适的胶片。
采用双片法时,应选用两种不同类型的胶片。
3.3增感屏
从表2中选择适当的铅增感屏。
表2
TubeVoltage
ThicknessofleadScreen(mm)
管电压
铅增感屏厚度(mm)
Front
Back
前屏
后屏
150kv
150kv~300kv
0.01~0.03
0.025~0.10
0.05
0.05~0.10
150~300kv
0.05~0.1
3.4DensitometerandStepWedgeFilm
ThedigitaldensitometerlistedinTable3shallbeusedforjudgingradiographdensity.Thedensitometershallbecheckedagainstacalibratedstepwedgefilmatleastonceevery90daysbytheNDELevelⅡorⅢExaminer.Thestepwedgefilmshallbecalibratedonceevery12monthsbytheNationalBureauofStandards.
Table3
3.4黑度计和阶梯黑度片
用表3列出的数码黑度计测定射线底片密度。
黑度计至少每90天由NDEⅡ级或Ⅲ级用校验过的阶梯黑度片校验一次。
黑度片须至少每12个月由国家标准局校验一次。
表3
Type
Manufacturer
Mea.,Range
Mea.,Precision
型号
制造厂
测量范围
测量精度
TD-210
ZHEJIANG
ZHENGHAI
0.00-4.00D
±
0.03D
浙江瓯海
3.5ImageQualityIndication(IQI)
3.5.1TypeandmaterialofIQIs
3.5.1.1ThewiretypeIQIpresentedasFig.1andTab.4beused.ThewiretypeIQIshallbemanufacturedandidentifiedinaccordancewiththerequirementsinSE-747.
3.5.1.2Thewiresshallbefabricatedfrommaterialoralloywithsameorlessradiationabsorptionthanthematerialbeingradiographed.
3.5象质计(IQI)
3.5.1象质计类型和材料
3.5.1.1应使用线型象质计(图1和表4)。
线型象质计的制造和标识应符合SE-747的要求。
3.5.1.2金属丝的材质应与被透检材料相同,或其射线吸收小于被检材料。
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Fig1图1
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Table4WireIQIDesignation,WireDiametersandWireIdentityin.(mm)
Table4IQISetsandwireDiameter
表4线型IQI标识和线径
表4象质计组别和线径
WireDiametersin.(mm)
线径英寸(毫米)
SetA
WireNo.
SetB
A组
线号A
B组
线号B
0.0032(0.08)
1
0.010(0.25)
6
0.004(0.1)
2
0.013(0.33)
7
0.005(0.13)
3
0.016(0.4)
8
0.0063(0.16)
4
0.020(0.51)
9
0.008(0.2)
0.025(0.64)
10
0.032(0.81)
11
SetC
SetD
C组
线号C
D组
线号D
0.100(2.5)
16
0.040(1.02)
12
0.126(3.2)
17
0.050(1.27)
13
0.160(4.06)
18
0.063(1.6)
14
0.200(5.1)
19
0.080(2.03)
15
0.250(6.4)
20
0.320(8)
21
3.5.2IQISelection
3.5.2.1ThedesignatedessentialminimumwirediametershallbeasspecifiedinTable5
Table5IQISELECTION表5象质计选用
3.5.2IQI选用
3.5.2.1应显示的最小线径必须按表5规定。
Nominalsingle-wallMaterialThicknessRange,in(mm)
单壁标称材料厚度范围
in(mm)
SourceSideIQI射源侧IQI
FilmSideIQI胶片侧IQI
EssentialWire
Diameter
应显示的线径
in(mm)
线号
in(mm
Upto0.25,incl.≤0.25(≤6.4)
0.006(0.16)
Over0.25thr.0.375>
0.25~0.375(>
6.4~9.5)
Over0.375thr.0.5>
0.375~0.5(>
9.5~12.7)
Over0.5thr.0.75>
0..5~0.75(>
12.7~19.1)
Over0.75thr.1.00>
0.75~1.00(>
19.1~25.4)
Over1.00thr.1.50>
1.00~1.50(>
25.4~38.1)
Over1.50thr.2.00>
1.50~2.00(>
38.1~50.8)
3.5.2.2Forweldswithreinforcements,thethicknessonwhichtheIQIisbasedisthenominalsinglewallthicknessplustheestimatedweldreinforcementnottoexceedthemaximumpermittedbytheSectionⅧDivision1.Forweldswithoutreinforcements,thethicknessonwhichtheIQIisbasedisthenominalsinglewallthickness.InbothcasesbackingringsorstripsshallnotbeconsideredaspartoftheweldthicknessinIQIselection.
3.5.3PlacementofIQIs
3.5.3.1TheIQI(s)shallbeplacedonthesourcesideofthepartbeingexamined.WhenconfigurationorsizepreventsplacingtheIQI(s)onthepartorweld,theIQI(s)maybeplacedonaseparateblockincompliancewithpara.T-277.1ofSectionV.Theseparateblockshallbeplacedascloseas
3.5.2.2对有余高焊缝,象质计放处的厚度是标称单壁厚度加上不超过第Ⅷ卷第一分册中允许的焊缝最大余高估计值。
没有余高的焊缝,象质计放处的厚度是标称单壁厚度。
在以上两种情况下,衬环或衬带均不作为焊缝厚度的一部分来考虑。
3.5.3象质计的放置
3.5.3.1象质计必须放在被检工件的射线源侧。
当透照布置或结构尺寸妨碍象质计放在工件或焊缝上时,象质计可放在一个单独的试块(符合ASME第Ⅴ卷T-277.1要求)上。
此试块的放置应
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possibletothepartbeingradiographed.
3.5.3.2WhereinaccessibilitypreventshandplacingtheIQI(s)onthesourceside,theIQI(s)shallbeplacedonthefilmsideincontactwiththepartbeingexamined.Aleadletter“F”shallbeplacedadjacenttoorontheIQI(s).
3.5.3.3TheIQI(s)shallbeplacedontheweldsothatthelengthofthewiresisperpendiculartothelengthoftheweld.Theidentificationnumber(s)and,whenused,theleadletter“F”shallnotbeintheareaofinterest,exeptwhengeometricconfigurationmakesitimpractical.
3.5.4NumberofIQIs
3.5.4.1Whenoneormorefilmholdersareusedforanexposure,atleastoneIQIimageshallappearoneachradiograph.
3.5.4.2Ifthedensityoftheradiographanywherethroughtheareaofinterestvariesbymorethanminus15%orplus30%fromthedensityadjacenttothedesignatedwireofawireIQI,withintheminimum/maximumallowabledensityrangesspecified,thenanadditionalIQIshallbeusedforeachexceptionalareaorareasandtheradiographretaken.
3.5.4.3Forcylindricalcomponentsorsphericalcomponentswherethesourceisplacedatthecenterofthecomponentforasingleexposure,atleastthreeIQIs,spacedapproximately120deg.apart,arerequired.
3.5.5IQISensitivity
RadiographyshallbeperformedwithatechniqueofsufficientsensitivitytodisplaytheessentialwireofawireIQI,whichisessentialindicationoftheimagequalityoftheradiograph.Theradiographsshallalsodisplaytheidentifyingnumbersandletters.Iftheessentialwiredonotshowonanyfilminamultiplefilmtechnique,butdoshowincomposite