Language.docx

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Language.docx

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Language.docx

Language

Language

  牛津高中英语教学设计

单元:

unit2language

板块:

grammarandusage2

  课堂设计指导思想:

万事皆有规律,规律是事物必然的、内在的、稳定的、固有的联系。

语言学习中的规律则是语法。

语法是枯燥的规律,但在这些规律指导下的语言是丰富多彩、生动活泼的。

语法的教学既要讲透规律,更要帮助学生通过多种途径,加深对于规律的感性认识,从而帮助学生将规律内化为语言使用的范式,进而成为自觉的语言综合运用的能力。

本节语法课从学生已有认知开始,带领学生温故知新,体验新的学习,并通过多种途径推动学生对语法规律的感性认识。

teachingaims:

1.tolearnallnounclausesandhelpstudentsjudgedifferentnounclauses;

2.tolearnquestionwordsinnounclause;

3.tolearnhowtouseitasanemptysubject.

teachingprocedures:

step1lead-in

i.gooverthedifferentnounclausessuchassubjectclause,objectclause,predictiveclause,andappositiveclause.

1.youknowthatiamateacherofenglish.(objectclause)

2.thatiamateacherofenglishisknowntoyouall.(subjectclause)

3.itisknowntoyouallthatiamateacherofenglish.(subjectclause)

4.thefactthatiamateacherofenglishisknowntoyouall.(appositiveclause)

5.iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.(objectclause)

6.whatiamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam.

(subjectclause)(predictiveclause)

ii.introduceallquestionwordsinnounclauses,suchaswhat,which,who,whom,where,when,how,why,andwhose.tellstudentstopayattentiontotheorderofnounclausesanddon’tleaveoutquestionwords.

conjunctionsofnounclauses:

连接词:

that,whether,if,asif(asthough)

连接代词:

what,whatever,who,whoever,

whom,whose,which(作主语/宾语)

连接副词:

when,where,how,why(作状语)

【设计说明】因为这是语法名词性从句的secondperiod,所以一开始先对上一单元语法的firstperiod进行简单复习与回顾——名词性从句的种类及语法成分,然后对名词性从句的连词进行归类,过渡到本课内容——由疑问词引导的名词性从句。

theteacherstartsthelessonwithashortintroductionofherself.acompetitionisheldtoguessdifferentcareers.andthetopicof‘director’isintroduced.

  step2nounclausesintroducedbyquestionwords:

1)whatwashedoing?

hisfatherwassurprised.

whathewasdoingsurprisedhisfather.

subjectclause主语从句

2)what’syourfirstimpressionofhim?

iwanttoknow.

iwanttoknowwhatyourfirstimpressionofhimis.共6页,当前第1页123456

objectclause宾语从句

3)howcanimakeagrammarlessoninteresting?

thatismyquestion.

myquestionishowicanmakeagrammarlessoninteresting.

predicativeclause表语从句

4)howdidpeterrespondtothatquestion?

ihavenoidea.

ihavenoideahowpeterrespondedtothatquestion.

appositiveclause同位语从句

attention:

1.wechangethewordorderinaclauseafteraquestionwordintothatofastatement.

2.wecannotleaveoutthequestionwordsinnounclausesinanycases.

checkwhetherthesentencesaretrueorfalse:

他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。

howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(f)

howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(t)

你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗?

couldyoutellmewhatwasthematterwithme.(t)

couldyoutellmewhatthematterwaswithme.(f)

fillintheblanksusing“that/whether/where/how/when

1.ihavenoidea__where_______hecomesfrom.

2._how_______hegotthemoneyisstilluncertain.

3.hegaveusmanysuggestions__that______weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.

4.ihavenodoubt____that____hewillwin.

5.ihavesomedoubt_whether_______hewillwin.

6.thethingthattroublesmeis__when____toheadforeurope.

【设计说明】通过把2个简单的句子合并成一个名词性从句,练习疑问词引导的名词性从句。

并提出注意点:

1)疑问词后的名词性从句语序要用陈述句的语序;2)任何连接名词性从句的wh-连词都不能省。

再通过判断和填空的练习,巩固这部分内容。

step3“it”asemptysubjectandobject

i.reviewthefunctionof“it”:

1.it’sabook.(指代)

2.it’steno’clock.(时间)

3.it’srainingoutside.(天气)

4.it’salongwaytothemuseum.(距离)

ii.emptysubject“it”:

1.wecanuseitasanemptysubject

a.whenweuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence.

a.(preferable)itiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandoldenglishtoday.=

(correct)thatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandoldenglishtodayiscertain.

b.(preferable)itiseasytoanswerwhetherenglishwillcontinuechanginginthefuture.=

(correct)whetherenglishwillcontinuechanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.

c.(preferable)itdependsonthestyleofwritingwhenweusecertainwords.=

(correct)whenweusecertainwordsdependsonthestyleofwriting.共6页,当前第2页123456

b.whenthesubjectisato-infinitive.

a.(preferable)itishardtomasteraforeignlanguage.=

(correct)tomasteraforeignlanguageishard.

b.(preferable)itisimportanttoknowhowtouseacomputer.=

(correct)toknowhowtouseacomputerisimportant.

c.whenthesubjectisav-ingform.

a.(preferable)smokingisdifficulttostop.=

(correct)itisdifficulttostopsmoking.

b.(preferable)travellingtobeijingtakesupalotofmytime.=

(correct)ittakesalotofmytimetravellingtobeijing.

tip:

weusuallyusetheemptysubjectitwithaclauseorto-infinitive(preferable),butwiththev-ingformweprefertherealsubjectatthebeginning.

ш.itcanalsobeusedbeforeseem,appear,happen,chance,turnoutandproveastheemptysubjectofasentence.

a.itseemsthathespeakstwolanguages.=

heseemstospeaktwolanguages.

b.ithappensthatmynewneighborcomesfrommyhometown.=

mynewneighborhappenstocomefrommyhometown.

iv.wecanemphasizethesubject,object,oradverbialinasentencebyusingit+be+theword/phraseyouemphasize+aclauseintroducedbythatorwho.

thepartweemphasize:

1.itisprof.liwhoteachesusenglish.(emphasizethesubject)

2.itisenglishthatprof.liteachesus.(emphasizetheobject)

3.itwasinshanghaithatisawthefilm.(emphasizetheadverbial)

multiplechoices:

1、___d___isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(nmet1995)

a.thereb.thisc.thatd.it

2.ilike___c___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(04全国)

athisbthatcitdone

3、thechairmanthought___b___necessarytoinviteprofessorsmithtospeakatthemeeting.(05全国卷1)

a.thatb.it c.thisd.him

brainstorming:

itis________________thatkeepsushealthy.

【设计说明】先简单复习“it”的功能。

在英语中为了避免头重脚轻,我们经常把主要信息放在句子后面部分,而用it作形式主语。

然后讲解it的用途:

当真正主语为从句或不定式时,最好用it作形式主语,当真正主语为v-ing时,还是把v-ing主语放句首。

之后配上一定练习和造句进行巩固。

  step4otherimportantcasesofnounclauses:

i.同位语从句和定语从句的区别:

1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语,它不涉及先行词的具体内容。

定语从句中that不但起连接作用,而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分,充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。

共6页,当前第3页123456

2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明,表明中心词的具体内容。

引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。

attributiveorappositive

1)weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.(at)

2)weexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometochinaagain.(ap)

3)theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.(ap)

4)theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.(at)

ii.疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别:

①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句,在主从句中要充当一定的部分。

whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.

youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.

②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。

如:

whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.

whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.

③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。

nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.

nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.

iii.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题:

1.在order、suggest、demand、request、advise、beanxiousthat等所接的宾语从句中用“should”型虚拟语气,“should”常省略。

在order、suggestion等名词后同位语从句、表语从句中用“should”型虚拟语气,可省略“should”.

2.在asif、asthough引导的表语从句中,在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。

3.在suggest、insist后会出现两种语气:

hesuggestedthati(should)turntomyboss.

theexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasangry

theoldmaninsistedthathewasstillyoung.

thepoliceinsistedthatweshouldofferproof.

4.在主语从句中:

itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/…that…

5.wish后,从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步。

高考链接:

1、someoneisringingthedoorbell.goandsee_d___.(全国XX)

a.whoisheb.whoheisc.whoisitd.whoitis

2、thephotographswillshowyou__b__.(met1989)

a.whatdoesourvillagelooklike

b.whatourvillagelookslike

c.howdoesourvillagelooklike

d.howourvillagelookslike

3.itisstrangethathe___b__youthis.

a.wouldtellb.shouldtellc.hadtoldd.hastold

4.whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis__b___mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(XX上海)

a.whenb.ifc.whetherd.why

5.greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.itisnolonger___a___itwas20yearsago,_____itwassopoorlyequipped.(XX安徽)共6页,当前第4页123456

a.what;whenb.that;which

c.what;whichd.which;that

6.__c___leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(met1988)

a.anyoneb.thepersonc.whoeverd.who

7.iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize__a_sillymistakesihadmade.(XX湖南)

a.what b.thatc.howd.which

8.parentsaretaughttounderstand____b__importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.(XX广东)

a.thatb.howc.suchd.so

9.theteacherdemandedthatthework___b__before4o’clock.

a.finishedb.befinishedc.shouldfinishd.finish

10.hissuggestionthatyou___a__oncemoresoundsreasonable.

a.tryb.triesc.musttryd.cantry

11.scientiststhinkthatthecontinents___c___alwayswherethey_____today.

(XX北京)

a.aren’t;areb.aren’t;were

c.weren’t;ared.weren’t;were

12、—hurryup!

aliceandsuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.

—oh!

ithoughtthey___d___withoutme.(XX江西)

a.wentb.aregoingc.havegoned.hadgone

13.iwish—icouldworkfortheun_____(我能为联合国工作)。

14.howiwish—ihadattendedtheopeningceremonyyesterday__(我昨天参加了开幕式)。

【设计说明】通过讲解和高考题的训练,补充完善名词性从句考点,做到讲练结合。

如同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别,引导词“that”与“what、thatif”与“whether”的区别、名词性从句的时态和语序问题等。

  step5finishthefollowingdialoguebyfillingintheproperwords

jerry:

i’majournalistfromchina,congratulationsonwinningtheelectionofpresident.

obama:

thankyou!

j:

ioftenwonder_why__youhavesomanyfansandsupporters.

o:

iamreallygrateful.itistheirsupportandfaithinme___that_makemesuccess

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