托福写作同义词替换词全.docx

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托福写作同义词替换词全.docx

托福写作同义词替换词全

 

同义词替换词

国内考生常用的表达

 

1

thingsthatonetrieshard

todo

2

Thefactisthat

3joy

4sadness

 

5danger

 

6education

 

7advertisement/advertising

 

8car

 

9economiccrisis

 

10famouspeople

humanbeings(备考生使

11

用过多)

 

12wealth

 

13[相关]rich

 

14skill

 

15[派生]skilled

更得分的表达方式

名词

 

one'sundertakings/one'scommitments

Therealityisthat

happiness/delight/enjoyment

sorrow/grief

 

hazard/peril(后面这个词语气很强,危险程度非同一般)[派生]dangerous;hazardous

 

≈schooling(指学校教育,家庭教育则用upbringing/parenting)[区分]家庭教育的两个

词upbringing是从孩子的角度说的,比如children'supbringing;而parenting是从家长的角度来说,比如sensibleparenting.

 

如果你写过关于广告的题目,就一定体会过

不停轮换使用advertisement/advertising有多郁闷。

其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类

细化,比如commercials(电视或者互联网上的广告),flyers(传单广告,北京最常见的形式就是“135****,办证”),billboards(大幅的广告牌)或者non-profitadvertisements=public-interestadvertisements

(公益广告)

Automobile

 

economicmeltdown(很接近)/recession(这

个一般仅仅还是衰退)/theGreatDepression

(这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了)

celebrities(单数为celebrity)

humanity(注意这个词的单数指人类,复数

指人文学科)/thehumanrace

fortune(s)(fortune作财富的意思时可以加复

数)

wealthy/affluent(adj.)

 

≈technique(注意这个词的正确解释是技能或者方法,而不是technology科技)adept/adroit(adj.)

 

16method

 

17field

18understandingof

19choice

20cooperation

basicstructureinacityor

21

acountry

22tirednessforalongtime

 

23isamustof

 

24theInternet

 

25honesty

26strongbelief

27aim

 

28worries

 

29influence

 

30influenceoneachother

 

31manydifferentkindsof

 

wrongideasheldbymany

32

people

33fame

34range

35sense

 

36part

 

37wise

38gap

asystemforaparticular

39

purpose

 

40asolutiontosth.

 

41badstudents

 

42badbehavior

 

methodology(国外学术写作中超级常用的词,基本就是method的故作高深版)

 

sphere/domain/arena

≈graspof/commandofOption

≈collaboration

 

Infrastructure

Fatigue

isaprerequisitefor(是的必备先决条件)

≈theinformationhighway(一篇考生作文里

Internet被使用十几次是常事儿)

≈integrityfaith(in)Intention

 

anxieties(是的,这两个词的确都可以加复数)

impact/repercussion/implication

mutualinfluence(类似的表达还有mutualrespect,mutualtrust和mutualunderstanding/

interactionbetweenAandB/interplaybetweenAandB

avarietyofawide/arrayof/ideawrange

of

 

Misconceptions

prestige/sterlingreputation

≈spectrum

≈recognition

component(这个词不仅指零件,在学术写

作中也经常指“部分”)

[相关]sensible(adj.)

Disparity

 

≈amechanismfor,

 

aremedyforsth.(生活中经常指一种病的治

疗方法,但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题的解决方法,注意搭配的介词不同)

 

≈unrulystudents/disruptivestudentsunethicalbehavior/immoralbehavior

 

organizationsthathelp

43

poorpeople

44difference

45[派生]bedifferentfrom

46person

47personality

48businesses

49pricesthataretoohigh

 

50therateof

 

51intenseenthusiasm

culturalglobalization(有

52

过多人使用这个词)

53athingthatisnecessary

athingthatisnewand

54

interesting

55athingthatisrare

thingsthatpeoplearenot

56

sureabout

57aworldlanguage

58friends

59relaxation

60self-respect

61respectsb./sth.

62[反义]lookdownon

63self-control

64criminal

65prisoner

66drinks

peoplewhowalkonthe

67

street

68oldgenerationsinhistory

apersonwhobenefits

69

fromsth.

adiseasethatspreads

70

quickly

averyunpleasantwayof

71

life

ataskthatrequireslotsof

72

effort

73emotion

74enemy

 

charities/charitableorganizations

 

Distinction

bedistinctfrom(adj.)

Individual

≈disposition

enterprises(这里指企业)

exorbitantprices

 

theincidenceof(后面一般跟坏事儿,比如unemployment/crime/adisease)zeal/passion

 

globalculturalhomogenization

anecessity

 

anoveltyararity

 

Uncertainties

auniversallanguage

Companions

≈recreation

≈self-esteemanddignityholdsb./sth.inhighregard

treatwithcontempt=despise(v.)self-discipline

ConvictInmate

≈alcoholicbeverages

 

Pedestrians

Ancestors

 

abeneficiaryofsth.

anepidemic(注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾,却

不是形容词)

 

Miseryadj->miserable

 

anarduoustask

≈sentiment

≈opponent/foe

 

75

narrowminds

insularminds(狭隘的头脑或者观念)

76

awaytodosth.

anapproachtodoingsth./anavenuetowards

sth.

77

hobby

≈pastime/diversion

78

progress

progression(经常指抽象的进步,比如写关

于society/career/technology的话题)

79

failure

setback(注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格)

80

importance

significance(当你用了一次importance之后,

第二次不妨用这个)

81

duty

obligation(用于比较重要的责任)

82

difficulty

hindrance/impediment/hurdles

83

pressurefromyour

classmates

peerpressure

84

citizenswhocanwork

laborforce/workforce(都是总体概念,而且

注意后面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格)

85

problemsordiseasesthat

existforalongtime

persistentproblems/chronicdiseases

86

alifewithoutregular

exercise

asedentarylifestyle

87

result

consequence(表示消极的结果更多一些)

88

thoughts

≈considerations

89

thelackofknowledge

ignorance(注意在地道英文里,这个词经常

并不表示“忽视”,而是表示“无知”)

90

harm(n.)

adverseeffect

 

damagedestroy/ruin(这两个词比

damage

程度更重)spoil(后面跟thecityscape/scenery/

91

harm(vt.)

environment)undermine(后面跟抽象概念,

比如stability/socialorder/harmony

jeopardize(后面跟抽象概念,比如

one's

future/one'scareer)tarnish(后面跟one's

reputation/image)sap/dampen(后面跟one's

enthusiasm/interest/confidence)

92

[派生]harmful

detrimental(adj.)

93

[派生]beharmfulto

≈poseathreatto

94

badluck

Misfortune

95

trouble

adversity/dilemma/predicament/hardship

96

crime

offense/criminalact

 

97

youthcrime

≈juveniledelinquency

98

criminal

offender/≈culprit/≈perpetrator

99

seriouscrime

heinouscrime/felony

100

aminorcrime

amisdemeanor

101

shortage(of)

scarcity(of)/dearth(of)

102

theonlyone

anexception

103

placeswhereanimalslive

Habitat

形容词

104

worrying

≈disturbing

105

verypopular

prevalent/ubiquitous

106

TRUE

genuine(trulyagenuinely)

 

107

deep

profound(深刻的,后面经常跟

wisdom/truths/

understanding/impact/thoughts

108

strong

powerful/mighty

109

weak

≈vulnerable

 

110

hard-working

industrious(注意不是industrial,而diligent那个

词在美语中是个挺大的词)

111

verydisappointing

Lamentable可悲的/pathetic

 

112

begood(for)

bebeneficial(to)=beinthebestinterests(of)

113

benotasgoodas

beinferiorto

114

bebetterthan

besuperiorto

 

115

uninteresting

mundane(注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并

116

many

不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum

(注意要跟可数名词)

numerous

117

complicated

Intricate

118

strange

odd/bizarre/eccentric(单weird有点过于口语化

了)

119

cannotbeturnedback

beirreversible

120

produceusefulresults

Productive

121

practical

≈realistic

122

mature

sophisticated(这个词指人的时候意思是思维成

熟老练的)

123

selfish

self-centered/materialistic/ego-centric

124

proud(贬义)

Conceited

125

suitable

Fitting

126

mostsuitable

Optimal

127

lonely

isolated/alienated

128

alone

Solitary

 

129

beeasilyinfluencedby

besusceptibletosth.(一般是坏事情,比如

a

sth.

disease/attacks)

130

isbetterthan

issuperiorto

131

notasgoodas

isinferiorto

 

beidentical/behomogenous/beuniform(后面两

132

bethesame

个词比较正式,一般是说

culturalglobalization

的时候常用,现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫

schooluniforms了吧,就是让大家都看起来一样

的衣服)

133

interesting

≈stimulating

134

boring

≈monotonous/repetitive

135

useless

Redundant

136

smart

Intelligent

137

famous

Renowned

138

positive

≈desirable/encouraging

139

happy

Delighted

140

enjoyable

Delightful

141

canbeused

beavailable

142

hardtounderstand

bewildering/baffling/confusing

143

(laws/rules/people)

notstrict

Lenient

wholesome(注意说人的健康还是要用

healthy,

144

healthy

但是如果说事物有益健康,就可以用

wholesome)

145

goodforthe

eco-friendly(比如Bikingisfarmoreeco-friendly

envrionment

thandrivingtheirSUVs.

146

nervous/anxious

≈apprehensive

147

doubtsth.

beskepticalaboutsth.

148

fair

≈justified

149

unfair

≈unwarranted/unjustifiable

150

huge

enormous/massive/vast/colossal

151

small

tiny/miniscule(后面一般跟抽象名词)

152

havemanydifferent

abilities

beversatile/bewell-rounded

153

befamiliarwith

bewell-acquaintedwith

154

verysuccessful/

admirable

Distinguished

155

proper

Appropriate

156

typical

quintessential(这个语气非常强)

157

exact

precise/≈accurate

158

ugly

Unsightly

 

159poor-quality

 

160thepresent

 

substandard(housing/accommodation/work/goods/machines)

thecurrent/theexisting(比如thecurrentfinancialcrisis/theexistingenvironmentalproblems)

161

outdated

antiquated/obsolete

162

highly-respected

Esteemed

163

complete(adj.)/whole

Entire

164

spendalotofmoney

leadanextravagant/alavishlife

 

165

open

enlightened/progressive

(开明的,逐步的,经

常用来形容govern-ment

或者society)

166

sth.mustbecarriedout

sth.iscompulsory/sth.ismandatory

 

167

withlonghistory

time-honored(后面经常跟抽象名词,比如

tradition/practice/methods/heritage)

168

continuingforever

Perpetual

169

important

significant

essential

vital(这三个词的重要

性依次递增)

170

veryattractive

veryappealing/fascinating/

captivating

171

verycareful

Cautious

172

beveryinterestedin

beabsorbedin/beengrossedin

173

bequalifiedfor

beeligiblefor

174

disappointing

Frustrating

175

wrong

Erroneous

176

longandabit

annoying

Lengthy

177

verydifficult

daunting/formidable

178

beingspreadin

rampant(后面经常跟负面现象,比如

crime,

uncontrolledway

pollution

或者discrimination)

179

cruel

≈inhumane/merciless

180fat

overw

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