托福写作同义词替换词全集Word文件下载.docx

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托福写作同义词替换词全集Word文件下载.docx

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托福写作同义词替换词全集Word文件下载.docx

methodology(国外学术写作中超级常用的词,基本就是method的故作高深版)

17

field

sphere/domain/arena

18

understandingof

≈graspof/commandof

19

choice

option

20

cooperation

≈collaboration

21

basicstructureinacityoracountry

infrastructure

22

tirednessforalongtime

fatigue

23

isamustof

isaprerequisitefor(是……的必备先决条件)

24

theInternet

≈theinformationhighway(一篇考生作文里Internet被使用十几次是常事儿)

25

honesty

≈integrity

26

strongbelief

faith(in)

27

aim

intention

28

worries

anxieties(是的,这两个词的确都可以加复数)

29

influence

impact/repercussion/implication

30

influenceoneachother

mutualinfluence(类似的表达还有mutualrespect,mutualtrust和mutualunderstanding/interactionbetweenAandB/interplaybetweenAandB

31

manydifferentkindsof…

avarietyof…/awidearrayof…/awiderangeof…

32

wrongideasheldbymanypeople

misconceptions

33

fame

prestige/sterlingreputation

34

range

≈spectrum

35

sense

≈recognition

36

part

component(这个词不仅指零件,在学术写作中也经常指“部分”)

37

wise

[相关]sensible(adj.)

38

gap

disparity

39

asystemforaparticularpurpose

≈amechanismfor…

40

asolutiontosth.

aremedyforsth.(生活中经常指一种病的治疗方法,但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题的解决方法,注意搭配的介词不同)

41

badstudents

≈unrulystudents/disruptivestudents

42

badbehavior

unethicalbehavior/immoralbehavior

43

organizationsthathelppoorpeople

charities/charitableorganizations

44

difference

distinction

45

[派生]bedifferentfrom

bedistinctfrom(adj.)

46

person

individual

47

personality

≈disposition

48

businesses

enterprises(这里指企业)

49

pricesthataretoohigh

exorbitantprices

50

therateof…

theincidenceof…(后面一般跟坏事儿,比如unemployment/crime/adisease)

51

intenseenthusiasm

zeal/passion

52

culturalglobalization(有过多人使用这个词)

globalculturalhomogenization

53

athingthatisnecessary

anecessity

54

athingthatisnewandinteresting

anovelty

55

athingthatisrare

ararity

56

thingsthatpeoplearenotsureabout

uncertainties

57

aworldlanguage

auniversallanguage

58

friends

companions

59

relaxation

≈recreation

60

self-respect

≈self-esteemanddignity

61

respectsb./sth.

holdsb./sth.inhighregard

62

[反义]lookdownon…

treat…withcontempt=despise(v.)

63

self-control

self-discipline

64

criminal

convict

65

prisoner

inmate

66

drinks

≈alcoholicbeverages

67

peoplewhowalkonthestreet

pedestrians

68

oldgenerationsinhistory

ancestors

69

apersonwhobenefitsfromsth.

abeneficiaryofsth.

70

adiseasethatspreadsquickly

anepidemic(注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾,却不是形容词)

71

averyunpleasantwayoflife

misery

72

ataskthatrequireslotsofeffort

anarduoustask

73

emotion

≈sentiment

74

enemy

≈opponent/foe

75

narrowminds

insularminds(狭隘的头脑或者观念)

76

awaytodosth.

anapproachtodoingsth./anavenuetowardssth.

77

hobby

≈pastime/diversion

78

progress

progression(经常指抽象的进步,比如写关于society/career/technology的话题)

79

failure

setback(注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格)

80

importance

significance(当你用了一次importance之后,第二次不妨用这个)

81

duty

obligation(用于比较重要的责任)

82

difficulty

hindrance/impediment/hurdles

83

pressurefromyourclassmates

peerpressure

84

citizenswhocanwork

laborforce/workforce(都是总体概念,而且注意后面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格)

85

problemsordiseasesthatexistforalongtime

persistentproblems/chronicdiseases

86

alifewithoutregularexercise

asedentarylifestyle

87

result

consequence(表示消极的结果更多一些)

88

thoughts

≈considerations

89

thelackofknowledge

ignorance(注意在地道英文里,这个词经常并不表示“忽视”,而是表示“无知”)

90

harm(n.)

adverseeffect

91

harm(vt.)

damagedestroy/ruin(这两个词比damage程度更重)spoil(后面跟thecityscape/scenery/environment)undermine(后面跟抽象概念,比如stability/socialorder/harmony)jeopardize(后面跟抽象概念,比如one'

sfuture/one'

scareer)tarnish(后面跟one'

sreputation/image)sap/dampen(后面跟one'

senthusiasm/interest/confidence)

92

[派生]harmful

detrimental(adj.)

93

[派生]beharmfulto

≈poseathreatto

94

badluck

misfortune

95

trouble

adversity/dilemma/predicament/hardship

96

crime

offense/criminalact

97

youthcrime

≈juveniledelinquency

98

offender/≈culprit/≈perpetrator

99

seriouscrime

heinouscrime/felony

100

aminorcrime

amisdemeanor

101

shortage(of)

scarcity(of)/dearth(of)

102

theonlyone

anexception

103

placeswhereanimalslive

habitat

形容词

104

worrying

≈disturbing

105

verypopular

prevalent/ubiquitous

106

TRUE

genuine(trulyagenuinely)

107

deep

profound(深刻的,后面经常跟wisdom/truths/understanding/impact/thoughts)

108

strong

powerful/mighty

109

weak

≈vulnerable

110

hard-working

industrious(注意不是industrial,而diligent那个词在美语中是个挺大的词)

111

verydisappointing

lamentable/pathetic

112

begood(for)

bebeneficial(to)=beinthebestinterests(of)

113

benotasgoodas

beinferiorto

114

bebetterthan

besuperiorto

115

uninteresting

mundane(注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum

116

many

numerous(注意要跟可数名词)

117

complicated

intricate

118

strange

odd/bizarre/eccentric(单weird有点过于口语化了)

119

cannotbeturnedback

beirreversible

120

produceusefulresults

productive

121

practical

≈realistic

122

mature

sophisticated(这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的)

123

selfish

self-centered/materialistic

124

proud(贬义)

conceited

125

suitable

fitting

126

mostsuitable

optimal

127

lonely

isolated/alienated

128

alone

solitary

129

beeasilyinfluencedbysth.

besusceptibletosth.(一般是坏事情,比如adisease/attacks)

130

isbetterthan

issuperiorto

131

notasgoodas…

isinferiorto

132

bethesame

beidentical/behomogenous/beuniform(后面两个词比较正式,一般是说culturalglobalization的时候常用,现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫schooluniforms了吧,就是让大家都看起来一样的衣服)

133

interesting

≈stimulating

134

boring

≈monotonous/repetitive

135

useless

redundant

136

smart

intelligent

137

famous

renowned

138

positive

≈desirable/encouraging

139

happy

delighted

140

enjoyable

delightful

141

canbeused

beavailable

142

hardtounderstand

bewildering/baffling/confusing

143

(laws/rules/people)notstrict

lenient

144

healthy

wholesome(注意说人的健康还是要用healthy,但是如果说事物有益健康,就可以用wholesome)

145

goodfortheenvrionment

eco-friendly(比如Bikingisfarmoreeco-friendlythandrivingtheirSUVs.)

146

nervous/anxious

≈apprehensive

147

doubtsth.

beskepticalaboutsth.

148

fair

≈justified

149

unfair

≈unwarranted/unjustifiable

150

huge

enormous/massive/vast/colossal

151

small

tiny/miniscule(后面一般跟抽象名词)

152

havemanydifferentabilities

beversatile/bewell-rounded

153

befamiliarwith

bewell-acquaintedwith

154

verysuccessful/admirable

distinguished

155

proper

appropriate

156

typical

quintessential(这个语气非常强)

157

exact

precise/≈accurate

158

ugly

unsightly

159

poor-quality

substandard(housing/accommodation/work/goods/machines)

160

thepresent…

thecurrent…/theexisting…(比如thecurrentfinancialcrisis/theexistingenvironmentalproblems)

161

outdated

antiquated/obsolete

162

highly-respected

esteemed

163

complete(adj.)/whole

entire

164

spendalotofmoney

leadanextravagant/alavishlife

165

open

enlighted/progressive(开明的,逐步的,经常用来形容govern-ment或者society)

166

sth.mustbecarriedout

sth.iscompulsory/sth.ismandatory

167

withlonghistory

time-honored(后面经常跟抽象名词,比如tradition/practice/methods/heritage)

168

continuingforever

perpetual

169

important

significantessentialvital(这三个词的重要性依次递增)

170

veryattractive

veryappealing/fascinating/captivating

171

verycareful

cautious

172

beveryinterestedin

beabsorbedin/beengrossedin

173

bequalifiedfor

beeligiblefor

174

disappointing

frustrating

175

wrong

erroneous

176

longandabitannoying

lengthy

177

verydifficult

daunting/formidable

178

beingspreadinuncontrolledway

rampant(后面经常跟负面现象,比如crime,pollution或者discrimination)

179

cruel

≈inhumane/merciless

180

fat

overweight/obese(后面这个已经胖出病了)

181

havingwrongopinions

skewed/biased(这两个词一般在IELTS媒体类话题使用,表示“有偏见的”)

182

includingmanythings

comprehensive(综合的,全面的)

183

enough

adequate/sufficient/ample/abundant(注意这四个词的语气是逐渐递增的)

184

toomuch

excessive

185

verylittle

minimal(注意不是minimum)

186

causebadeffects

counterproductive(其实地道英文写作里这个词不见得和生产有关,只要阻止人们达到目的,都可以写它counterproductive)

187

strict

stringent(后面一般跟laws,measures或者rules)

188

urgent

pressing(problems)

189

quiet

tranquilandserene(美语中这两个词经常可以连在一起用)

动词

190

makesth.strong

strengthen/fortify/reinforce/consolidatesth.

191

makesth.weak

weaken/erode(侵蚀)

192

makesth.better

enhance/better(很少看到国内考生用better当动词,其实在学术写作中bettersth.是挺常见的表达)

193

makesth.worse

aggravate/exa

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