外文翻译工程索赔相关问题理论.docx

外文翻译工程索赔相关问题理论.docx

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外文翻译工程索赔相关问题理论

附录A英文原文

Theengineeringclaimsrelatedtheory

[Thesummary]

Inthispaper,theengineeringclaimsrelatedtheorymustresearchandengineeringclaimstotheownerandthecontractorclassificationandmeaningbetweentheclaimtounderstand.

1.1Theengineeringclaimsandthemeaningandtheclaimclassification

Theclaimwasintheprojectcontractperformanceofthecontract,onepartybecausetheotherpartyfailstofulfilltheobligationsprescribedbythecontractsufferedlosses,totheotherpartyclaimbehavior.Inpractice,aclaimisatwo-waystreet,theconstructionunitandtheconstructionunitsmayclaim.Usually,claim"meansthecontractor（constructionunit）intheimplementationofthecontract,thecausesofnon-selfengineeringextensionoftime,costandincreasedemandforthecompensationoflossestotheowneraclaim.Andtheowner（theconstructionunits）fortheconstructionunitshallbeartheresponsibilitybelongstocause,andtheactuallosshappened,askforcompensationtotheconstructionunit,calledreverseclaimforcompensation.Thenatureoftheeconomiccompensationclaimsbelongstobehavior,notpunished.Inthegeneralclaimcannegotiatewaythroughfriendlysolution,ifbothsidescan'treachacompromise,thedisputebyarbitrationcansolve.

Canclaimfromdifferentangles,andaccordingtothedifferentstandardsofthefollowingcategories:

（1）Thecauseoftheclassification

Suchaspreparationforconstruction,processcontrol,qualitycontrolandcostcontrolandmanagementofcausesofclaimforcompensation,thisclassificationcanexplicitlypointedoutthateachandeveryoneofthesourceoftheclaim,maketheownerandengineerstoauditanalysis.

（2）Thepurposeoftheclaim,accordingtoclassification

Itcanbedividedintothetimelimitandexpensesclaimsclaim.Timelimitistoasktheownerclaimsextendedconstructiontime,maketheoriginalprovisionsoftheprojectcompletiondatepostponesoastoavoidthebreachofthefineoccurred;Costistoasktheownerandthecontractorclaimthecompensationfeeslossandadjustthecontractvalue.

（3）Accordingtoclaimthebasisofclassification

Itcanbedividedintothestipulationsinthecontract,thecontractoftheclaim.Thestipulationsinthecontractistopointtoclaimtheclaiminvolvingcontentinthedocumentstofindthebasis,theownerorthecontractorcanthenputforwardtheclaim.Thisclaimisnotsoeasytodispute;Thecontractistheclaimtothecontentoftheclaiminvolvinginthedocumentswithoutdedicatedwordnarrative,butcanaccordingtothecontracttermsofsomemeaning,deducedthatacertainresulting.

（4）Accordingtoclaimtherelevantpartiesofclassification

Itcanbedividedintothecontractorwiththeownerofthebetweenclaim;Thecontractorwithpointsbetweenthecontractor'sclaim;Thecontractorwithsuppliersclaims;Thecontractortotheinsurancecompany,shippingcompany'sclaimetc.

（5）Accordingtothenatureofthebusinessclaimclassification

Itcanbedividedintotheengineeringclaimsandbusinessclaimforcompensation.Theengineeringclaimsisreferredintheconstructionoftheprojectconstructionconditionsorconstructiontechnology,constructionscopechangeclaimforcompensation,commonlyoccurhighfrequency,claimexpenses;Businessclaimisreferstotheimplementationoftheprojectprocessmaterialspurchase,transportation,storage,etcofactivitiescreateclaimmatters.

（6）Accordingtoclaimtheprocessingmeansofclassification

Itcanbedividedintosingleclaimsandalwaysclaimforcompensation.Singleclaimsaboutaclaimistotaketheapproach,thatis,accordingtoeachclaimafterintheitems,andsubmitthemtothenoticeofaclaim,prepareclaimforsinglesolvepay,notwithotherclaimsaremixedwiththematters;Alwaysclaim,andsaysthecomprehensiveclaimsorpackageclaim,thatis,thewholeproject（oraproject）thathappensinanumberofclaimsmatters,comprehensivetogetherforthecompensation.

1.2Theownerclaimstothecontractor

Theclaimwastwo-sided,generallycalledclaimtotheowner'sclaimtothecontractors,theclaimtothecontractor'sclaimtotheowner.

1.2.1Claimreason

Thecontractor'sdefaulthavedifferentsituation,sometimesisallorpartofthecontract,sometimeisnottoexecutethecontract.Forthecontractortobreachofproofbysupervisionengineer,theowneraccordingtocontractthecorrespondingprovisionsofthetreatmentmethodofpunishmentforthecontractor.

Thecontractor'sbreachthefollowingkindsroughlyinclude:

（1）Notsubmittedfortheperformanceguarantee;

（2）Accordingtothecontractofinsuranceregulationno;

（3）Becauseofthecontractor'sresponsibilitydelaying;

（4）Thequalitydefect,thecontractorshallbysupervisionengineerinstructionrepairdefectsatoutside,stillneedtotheownerofthequalitydefectscausedlossofresponsibility;

（5）thecontractortounqualifiedmaterialdoesn'tperformsupervisionengineerinstructiontooutofthesite,andthequalityaccidentsdidn'tappeartorepairorunabletorepair,theownermustsendsomeoneorhireotherstodotheabove,andpaytheexpensesshouldbemadebythecontractorburden;

（6）Thecontractorthatthedesignofthedesigndrawingresponsibility;

（7）Thecontractorbankruptcyorseriousbreachofcontracthastoterminateacontract;

（8）Someotherreasons.

1.2.2Handlingclaims

Appearafore-mentionedincident,generalcantakethefollowingseveralmethodscompensationownerloss:

（1）Payabletothecontractorfromthemiddleoftheprogresspaymentdeductinside.

（2）Retentiondeductfromwithin.Retentionisownertopreventaccidentsbecauseoftheeventandsufferlossofasecuritymeasures,andcanbeusedintheresponsibilityforthecontractorcausednotqualifiedengineeringcostrework,solvetheotherpartywithcontractorsproposedandthecontractortherefusalofpaymentfunds,suchasthecontractorresponsibilityfordamagehighwayfacilities,transportationdepartmenttoownerclaim.Ofcourseforthefirstwiththecontractorshallnegotiateandgethisapproval.Retentionthantheperformanceguaranteeitmoreconvenient,theperformanceguaranteenormallyonlyinthecontractorseriousbreachofcontracttouse.

（3）Fromwithintheperformanceguaranteedeductionorconfiscatetheperformanceguarantee.

（4）Ifthecontractoraseriousbreachofcontract,bringsownerseventaketheaboveallkindsofmeasureswasenoughtocompensateforlosses,alsocanwithholdthecontractorinthematerials,equipment,temporaryfacilitiesascompensationproperty,orbythelawasacontractoradebtanddemandcompensation.

1.3Thecontractortoownerclaims

Thecontractorforalongtimeatlowprofitsandhighriskundertheenvironmentoftheprojects,mustalwayshavethefaceofmarketandriskoffullypreparedforthat.IntermsoftheFIDICcontractclaimmany,contractorwilloftenquotedclaimgenerallyintheseterms,including12ofmoreimportant,itisthefoundationoftheclaim,thecentralmeaningis:

intheexecutionofthecontract,thecontractorhadmadeupstandarddonotmeetcanclaimforcompensation.

1.3.1Causedbythecontractdocumentsclaim

Oncesignedthecontract,thepartieshavebindingforce,thebindinglegalprotection.Contractdocumentsincludingrangeisverywide,themostisthecontractconditions,technicalspecifications,etc.Generallyspeaking,drawingsandspecificationsoftheproblemsoccurredless,butalsocanappeareachotherdonotagreewiththeoriginaldrawingsorsupplementnotconsistent,aswellastothetechnicalspecificationsofthedifferentexplanations,inthecaseoftheclaim,aboutthecontractconditions,quantityandpricelistproblemsmore.

Thecontentsoftheclaimoftheconditionsofthecontractinthefollowingtwoaspects:

（1）Thecompositionofthecontractdocumentsfromaclaimforcompensation.Thecontractisinthebiddingbybothpartiesthroughconsultationaftermodificationofthefinaldetermination,ifchangealreadywillbidforcontractorandtheownerorbeforeandafterthetendercommitteeoutdocumentclarifiedthecontractandsignthedocumentstoclear,heshouldexplainthecontractbeforeofficiallysignedallkindsofdocumentsarenolongereffectiveassociate.Ifyouignorethisannouncement,whenletterscontentandthecontentarecontradictory,beeasytocausethedisputetoclaimforcompensation.

（2）Thecontractdefects.Thecontractforcontractperformancedefectsfiledoesnotrigorousevencontradictoryandcontractofmissingormistake.Thisincludesnotonlythecommerceclauseofthedefects,includingtechnicalspecificationsanddrawingsofthedefects.Tothis,thesupervisionengineershallhavetherighttomakeexplanation,butifthecontractorexecutionexplainscausedbyincreasedcostsorextension,isentitledtothereforeputforwardaclaimforcompensation.

1.3.2Becauseaccidentriskandunforeseeablecausesofclaims

Duringtheexecutionofthecontract,iftheaccidentriskandunforeseeablefactorsandtheloss,heshallhavetherighttodemandcompensationtotheowners.Accidentriskincludingforcemajeurelosscausedbynaturaldisastersandspecialriskeventsaretwocontent.

（1）Humanisirresistibleinnaturaldisasters.Naturaldisasterseconomiclossthistoinsurancecompanyclaimsforcompensation.Inaddition,thecontractoralsohasthepowertoownerrequirementsbepostponedtothetimelimited,theclaimisalsoputforwardperiod.

（2）Specialrisks.Thecontractconditionsshallbestipulatedinshallbeundertakenbytheowneroftheresponsibilityof5warriskoccursoftheco