职称英语考试《理工类》每日一练精选及答案052941Word格式文档下载.docx

职称英语考试《理工类》每日一练精选及答案052941Word格式文档下载.docx

《职称英语考试《理工类》每日一练精选及答案052941Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语考试《理工类》每日一练精选及答案052941Word格式文档下载.docx（6页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

orinimaginingfutureworldsthatareareflectionoftheworldthatweliveinnow.Becauseofthistheirwritinghasobviouspoliticalundertones（涵义）.

5Inanagewheresciencefactfrequentlyovertakes（超过）sciencefiction,thewritersmayfinditdifficulttokeepaheadofscientificadvances.Thosewhoaresufficientlyclear-sightedtoseethewaywearegoing,however,mayprovideavaluablelessononhowtodealwiththeproblemswhichsocietywillinevitablyfaceasittriestomasteritsnewtechnology.

Worksofmodernsciencefictionhave____.

【单选题】

A.concernedwiththeproblemsthatwewillhavetosolveinthefuture

B.readingbooksofsciencefiction

C.politicalimplication

D.arecurrenttheme

E.readworldwide

F.translatedintomanylanguages

正确答案:

C

答案解析:

本题答案的依据在第4段最后一句，该句说Becauseofthistheirwritinghasobviouspoliticalundertones（由于这一原因，他们的作品带有明显的政治涵义）。

实际上，undertone与implication的意思相同，故选C。

2、StormsSinkShips

Rescuershavefoundthebodiesofover130peoplekilledintwoferrydisastersinBangladesh.TheaccidentshappenedduringastormthathitthecountryonApril21.Hundredsmorearemissingorfeareddead.

ThetwoferriessankindifferentriversnearthecapitalcityofDhakfiasstrongwindsandrainhittheSouthAsiancountry.

ThegovernmenthassincebannedallferriesandotherboatsfromtravelingatnightduringtheApril-Maystormyseason.

Oneoftheferries,MVMitali,wascarryingfarmorepeoplethanitwassupposedto.About400passengersfittedintoaspacemadeforjust300,policesaid.Thesecondferrycarriedabout100passengers.

"

Thenumberofdeathsiscertaintorise."

saidanofficialinchargeoftherescuework."

Noonereallyknowshowmanypeoplewereonboardtheferryorhowmanyofthemsurvived.

FerriesinBangladeshdon＇talwayskeeppassengerlists,makingitdifficulttodeterminetheexactnumberofpeopleonboard.

Besidestheferryaccidents,atleast40peoplewerekilledand400injuredbylightningstrikes,fallinghousesandtreesandthesinkingofsmallboats.

StormsarecommonthistimeofyearinBangladesh,asareboatingaccidents.Ferrydisasterstakeawayhundredsofliveseveryyearinanationof130millionpeople.

Officialsblametheseriveraccidentsonalackofsafetymeasurestoomanypassengersinboatsandnotenoughchecksonweatherconditions.

FerriesareacommonmeansoftransportinBangladesh.Itisacountrycoveredbyabout230rivers.Some20,000ferriesusethenation＇sWaterwayseveryyear.Andmanyofthemaredangerouslyovercrowded.

Since1977,morethan3,000peoplehavediedinsome260boatingaccidents.

Officialsattributeboatingaccidentto____.

A.strongwinds.

B.badweatherconditions.

C.theblockagesofwaterways.

D.thelackofsafetymeasures.

D

倒数第3段说到了缺乏安全措施。

3、AnIntelligentCar

Drivingneedssharpeyes,keenears,quickbrain,andcoordinationbetweenhandsandthebrain.Manyhumandrivershaveall.theseandcancontrolafast-movingcar.Buthowdoesanintelligentcarcontrolitself?

Thereisavirtualdriverinthesmartcar.Thisvirtualdriverhas"

eyes,"

"

brains"

"

hands"

and"

feet"

too.Themini-camerasoneachsideofthecararehis"

whichobservetheroadandconditionsaheadofit.Theywatchthetraffictothecar＇sleftandright.Thereisalsoahighlyautomaticdrivingsysteminthecar.Itisthebuilt-incomputer,whichisthevirtualdriver＇s"

brain"

.His"

calculatesthespeedsofothermovingcarsnearitandanalyzestheirpositions.Basingonthisinformation,itchoosestherightlinefortheintelligentcars,andgivesinstructionstothe"

feets"

toactaccordingly.Inthisway,thevirtualdrivercontrolshiscar.

Whatisthevirtualdriver＇sbestadvantage?

Hereactsrapidly.Themini-camerasaresendingimagescontinuouslytothe"

.It______theprocessingoftheimageswithin100milliseconds.However,theworld＇sbestdriveratleastneedsonesecondtoreact.Besides,whenhetakesaction,heneedsonemoresecond.

Thevirtualdriverisreallywonderful.Hecanreducetheaccidentrate.considerablyonexpressway.Inthiscase,canwelethimhavethewheelatanytimeandinanyplace?

Expertswarnthatwecannotdothatjustyet.Hisabilitytorecognizethingsisstilllimited.Hecannowonlydriveanintelligentcaronexpressways.

A.selects

B.completes

C.uses

D.tests

B

空白所在的句子说“它在100毫秒的时间里……图像的处理”，根据该句内容判断B（完成）是答案。

4、SeeingRedMeansDangerAhead

Thecolorredoftenmeansdangerandbypayingattention,accidentscanbeprevented.Inthefuture,thecolorredalsomayhelppreventdangeratconstructionsites.Thankstonewworkbyengineers,bridgesupportsorotherkindsofmaterialscouldonedaycontainacolorswitchingmaterial.Itwillturnredbeforeastructurecollapsesorfallsapart.

Thesecretbehindthecolorswitchingmaterialisaparticulartypeofmolecule.Amoleculeisagroupofatomsheldtogetherbychemicalbonds.Moleculescomeatallshapesandsizes,andmakeupeverything.Youcansee,touchorfeel.Howamoleculebehavesdependsonwhatkindsofatomsitcontains,andhowthey＇reheldtogether.

Whenapolymer（聚合物）containingacolorswitchingmoleculecalledamechanophore（机械响应性聚合物）whichisabouttobreak,itproducea______.Whenapolymerwithmechanophoremoleculesbecomes"

injured"

orweak,oneofthemechanophorebondsbreaksandthematerialturnsred."

It＇sareallysimpledetectionmethod."

saysNancySottos,oneofthescientistswhoworkedontheproject.Sottosandherteamtestedthecolorswitchingpolymersintheirlab.Thetestresultsprovedencouraging.

Thereisawaytogetridofthecolorlightwhenabrightlightisshoneonthemechanophore.

Thebrokenbondisfixedandtheredcolordisappears.This"

self-healing"

maybeaproblemforengineers.Theyneedtousethecolorchangerinbigconstructionprojectsthatwillbeoutsideinsunlight.Andsunlightwillmakethemechanophore＇swarmingsystemuseless.Sottosandherfellowscientistsstillhavealotofworktodobeforethecolorswitchingmoleculescanbeusedoutsidethelab.

A.color

B.trouble

C.what

D.where

A

前文一直提示分子变红色，所以在此情景下，选颜色是符合全文主题的。

5、RadiocarbonDating

Nowadaysscientistscananswermanyquestionsaboutthepastthroughatechniquecalledradiocarbon（放射性碳）,orcarbon-14dating.Onekeytounderstandinghowandwhysomethinghappenedistodiscoverwhenithappened.

Radiocarbondatingwasdevelopedinthelate1940sbyphysicistWillardF.LibbyattheUniversityofChicago.Anatomofordinarycarbon,calledcarbon-12,hassixprotons（质子）andsixneutrons（中子）initsnucleus（原子核）.Carbon-14,orC-14,isaradioactive,unstableformofcarbonthathastwoextraneutrons.Itreturnstoamorestableformofcarbonthroughaprocesscalleddecay（衰减）.Thisprocessinvolvesthelossoftheextraneutronsandenergyfromthenucleus.

InLibby＇sradiocarbondatingtechnique,theweakradioactiveemissions（放射）fromthisdecayprocessarecountedbyinstrumentssuchasaradiationdetectorandcounter.ThedecayrateisusedtodeterminetheproportionofC-14atomsinthesamplebeingdated.

Carbon-14isproducedintheEarth＇satmospherewhennitrogen（氮）-14,orN-14,interactswithcosmicrays（宇宙射线）.ScientistsbelievesincetheEarthwasformed,theamountofnitrogenintheatmospherehasremainedconstant.Consequently,C-14formationisthoughttooccurataconstantrate.NowtheratioofC-14toothercarbonatomsintheatmosphereisknown.Mostscientistsagreethatthisratioisusefulfordatingitemsbacktoatleast50,000years.

AlllifeonEarthismadeoforganicmolecules（分子）thatcontaincarbonatomscomingfromtheatmosphere.SoalllivingthingshaveaboutthesameratioofC-14atomstoothercarbonatomsintheirtissues（组织）.Onceanorganism（有机体）diesitstopstakingincarboninanyform,andtheC-14alreadypresentbeginstodecay.OvertimetheamountofC-14inthematerialdecreasesandtheratioofC-14toothercarbonatomsgoesdown.Intermsofradiocarbondating,thefewerC-14atomsinasample,theolderthatsampleis.

Radarisusedtodeterminethecharacteristicsofradiocarbon.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

本题有较大难度，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文作出判断。

通读全文后可以发现文章并未提及使用雷达来进行放射性碳测定，所以本题是未提及的，答案是C。