MBAXXXX年MBA联考英语真题Word文档下载推荐.docx

MBAXXXX年MBA联考英语真题Word文档下载推荐.docx

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　　Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta 

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tomaketheWebasaferplace-a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech 

5 

ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled 

6 

one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential 

7 

toaspecificputer.andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.

　　Theideaisto 

8 

afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Usercould 

9 

whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense 

10 

bythegovernment.

　　GoogleandMicrosoftareamongpaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto 

11 

justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.

　　12.theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”ncyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa 

13 

munity.

　　Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhich“individualsandorganizationscanpleteonlinetransactionswith 

14 

trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure 

15 

whichthetransactionruns”.

　　Still,theadministration’splanhas 

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privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;

othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould 

17 

beapulsoryInternet“drive’slicense”mentality.

　　Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith 

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bysomeputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet 

19 

.TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe 

20 

toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.

　　1．A.swept　　B.skipped　　C.walked　　D.ridden

　　2．A.for　　B.within　　C.while　　D.though

　　3．A.careless　　B.lawless　　C.pointless　　D.helpless

　　4．A.reason　　B.reminder　　C.promise　　D.proposal

　5A.information．　　B.interference　　C.entertainment　　D.equivalent

　6．A.by　　B.into　　C.from　　D.over

　　7．A.linked　　B.directed　　C.chained　　D.pared

　　8．A.dismiss　　B.discover　　C.create　　D.improve

　　9．A.recall　　B.suggest　　C.select　　D.realize

　　10．A.relcased　　B.issued　　C.distributed　　D.delivered

　　11．A.carryon　　B.lingeron　　C.setin　　D.login

　　12．A.Invain　　B.Ineffect　　C.Inreturn　　D.Incontrast

　　13．A.trusted　　B.modernized　　c.thriving　　D.peting

　　14．A.caution　　B.delight　　C.confidence　　D.patience

　　15．A.on　　B.after　　C.beyond　　D.across

　　16．A.divided　　B.disappointed　　C.protected　　D.united

　　17．A.frequestly　　B.incidentally　　C.occasionally　　D.eventually

　　18．A.skepticism　　B.relerance　　C.indifference　　D.enthusiasm

　　19．A.manageable　　B.defendable　　C.vulnerable　　D.invisible

　　20．A.invited　　B.appointed　　C.allowed　　D.forced

参考答案：

1~5ACBDD 

6~10BACCB 

11~15DBACA 

16~20ADACD

SectionII 

Readingprehension

PartA　　

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

　　Text 

1

　　RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs’sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000:

ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecadesheapparentlymanagedbothroleswithoutattractingmucheroticism.Butbytheendof2009Ms.SimmonswasunderfireforhavingsatonGoldman’spensationmittee;

howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspassunremarked?

ByFebruarythenextyearMs.Simmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakinguptoomuchtime,shesaid.

　　Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm’sboard.Havingmadetheirwealthandtheirreputationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependencetodisagreewiththechiefexecutive’sproposals.Ifthesky,andthesharepriceisfalling,outsidedirectorsshouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.

　　TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasehatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsandmorethan64,000differentdirectorsbetween1989and2004.Thentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayedfromoneproxystatementtothenext.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingaboardwasage,sotheresearchersconcentratedonthose“surprise”disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfountthatafterasurprisedeparture,theprobabilitythatthepanywillsubsequentlyhavetorestateearningsincreasedbynearly20%.Thelikelihoodofbeingnamedinafederalclass-actionlawsuitalsoincreases,andthestockislikelytoperformworse.Theeffecttendedtobelargerforlargerfirms.Althoughacorrelationbetweenthemleavingandsubsequentbadperformanceatthefirmissuggestive,itdoesnotmeanthatsuchdirectorsarealwaysjumpingoffasinkingship.Oftenthey“tradeup.”Leavingriskier,smallerfirmsforlargerandmorestablefirms.

　　Buttheresearchersbelievethatoutsidedirectorshaveaneasiertimeofavoidingablowtotheirreputationsiftheyleaveafirmbeforebadnewsbreaks,evenifareviewofhistoryshowstheywereontheboardatthetimeanywrongdoingoccurred.Firmswhowanttokeeptheiroutsidedirectorsthroughtoughtimesmayhavetocreateincentives.OtherwiseoutsidedirectorswillfollowtheexampleofMs.Simmons,onceagainverypopularoncampus.

　　21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Ms.Simmonswascriticizedfor 

.

　　[A]gainingexcessiveprofits　　[B]failingtofulfillherduty

[C]refusingtomakepromises　　[D]leavingtheboardintoughtimes

　　22.WelearnfromParagraph2thatoutsidedirectorsaresupposedtobe 

　　[A]generousinvestors　　[B]unbiasedexecutives

　　[C]sharepriceforecasters　　[D]independentadvisers

　　23.AccordingtotheresearchersfromOhioUniversityafteranoutsidedirector’ssurprisedeparture,thefirmislikelyto 

　　[A]beemorestable　　[B]reportincreasedearnings

　　[C]dolesswellinthestockmarket　　[D]performworseinlawsuits

　　24.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatoutsidedirectors 

　　[A]maystayfortheattractiveoffersfromthefirm

　　[B]haveoftenhadrecordsofwrongdoingsinthefirm

　　[C]areaccustomedtostress-freeworkinthefirm

　　[D]willdeclineincentivesfromthefirm

　　25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtheroleofoutsidedirectorsis 

　　[A]permissive　　[B]positive　　[C]scornful[D]critical

参考答案

　　21．A。

细节题：

原文第1段，倒数第3行的howcould…?

直接提到了bonuspayouts就是说profits。

　　22．C。

原文中出现outsidedirectors有几处，helpfulbutlessbiasedadvisor，但是B选项用的是executive,拼凑答案，D选项也是一样。

最后一句weatheredtheirowncrises对应forecasters。

　　23．C。

原文是若干个并列，stockislikelytoperformworse对应答案，迷惑选项是B，但是主语不一致20%是probability不是earnings。

　　24．A。

推理题：

原文对应firmswhowantto…..说想留住outsidedirector就是增加incentive。

　　25．B。

态度题：

文章各个段落都说outsidedirector的方面。

因此是positive。

Text 

2

　　Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspaper?

Ayearagotheendseemednear.Therecessionthreatenedtoremovetheadvertisingandreadersthathadnotalreadyfledtotheinternet.NewspapersliketheSanFranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America’sFederalTrademissionlaunchedaroundoftalksabouthowtosavenewspapers.Shouldtheybeecharitablecorporations?

Shouldthestatesubsidizethem?

Itwillholdanothermeetingsoon.Butthediscussionsnowseemoutofdate.

　　Inmuchoftheworldthereisthesignofcrisis.GermanandBrazilianpapershaveshruggedofftherecession.EvenAmericannewspapers,whichinhabitthemosttroubledeoftheglobalindustry,havenotonlysurvivedbutoftenreturnedtoprofit.Notthe20%profitmarginsthatwereroutineafewyearsago,butprofitallthesame.

　　Ithasnotbeenmuchfun.Manypapersstayedafloatbypushingjournalistsoverboard.TheAmericanSocietyofNewsEditorsreckonsthat13,500newsroomjobshavegonesince2007.Readersarepayingmoreforslimmerproducts.Somepapersevenhadthenervetorefusedeliverytodistantsuburbs.Yetthesedesperatemeasureshaveprovedtherightonesand,sadlyformanyjournalists,theycanbepushedfurther.

　　Newspapersarebeingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreadersandadvertisers.Americanpapershavelongbeenhighlyunusualintheirrelianceonads.Fully87%oftheirrevenuescamefromadvertisingin2008,accordingtotheOrganizationforEconomicCooperation&

Development（OECD）.InJapantheproportionis35%.Notsurprisingly,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestable.

　　Thewhirlwindthatsweptthroughnewsroomsharmedeverybody,butmuchofthedamagehasbeenconcentratedinareaswherenewspaperareleastdistinctive.Carandfilmreviewershavegone.Sohavescienceandgeneralbusinessreporters.Foreignbureaushavebeensavagelycutoff.Newspapersarelesspleteasaresult.Butpletenessisnolongeravirtueinthenewspaperbusiness.

　　26.Bysaying“Newspaperslike…theirowndoom”（Lines3-4,Para.1）,theauthorindicatesthatnewspaper 

　　[A]neglectedthesignofcrisis　　[B]failedtogetstatesubsidies

　　[C]werenotcharitablecorporations　　[D]wereinadesperatesituation

　　27.Somenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobablybecause 

　　[A]readersthreatenedtopayless