近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结.docx
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近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结
近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结
2019年
全国卷I
Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive 64 (perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.
Scientistshaverespondedby 67 (note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.
参考答案:
64.toperform该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构,主语methods与谓语动词perform为被动关系,但需用不定式的主动式作状语。
67.noting介词后用note的动词-ing形式noting作宾语。
全国卷II
A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for 61 (be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.
Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans 65 (retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.
Whenwegotacall 68 (say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.
参考答案:
61.being介词后用动词-ing形式作宾语。
65.toretire名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。
68.saying名词call与say之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。
全国卷III
Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake 62 (get)there.
Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars, 70 (listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.
参考答案:
62.toget分析句子结构可知,ittakes+时间+todosth中,it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。
70.listening主语we与listen之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式作状语。
浙江卷
Butsomestudentsdidn’twant 63 (wear)theuniform.
参考答案:
63.towearwant后通常接不定式todosth。
2018年
全国卷I
Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong 62 (see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof 63 (die)earlybyrunning.
参考答案:
62.tosee根据句意“要见到效果,你不必快跑或长时间地跑”,tosee作目的状语。
63.dying介词后用die的动名词形式dying。
全国卷II
Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:
Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice 64 (improve)waterquality.
China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile 70 (feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.
参考答案:
64.toimprove根据语境“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的,动词不定式作目的状语。
70.feedingwhen/while+现在分词短语作时间状语,相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句。
全国卷III
Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid 64 (look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel 65 (challenge).
Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme 70 (stay)andwatch.
参考答案:
64.lookingavoid后接动名词作宾语。
avoiddoingsth意为“避免做某事”。
65.challenged主语he与challenge(对……挑战)之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
70.tostayallowsbtodosth是固定结构,意为“允许某人做某事”,因此应填tostay。
浙江卷
Istillremember 59 (visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.
参考答案:
59.visitingrememberdoingsth意为“记得做过某事”。
2017年
全国卷I
Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired 63 (process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.
Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by 68 (eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
参考答案:
63.toprocess根据语境“需要它们(脂肪和盐)来处理食物”和关键词required可知,此处应填toprocess。
68.eating“by+动名词”作方式状语。
此处意为“吃大量的快餐,人们将摄入超过他们饮食所需的盐和油脂”。
全国卷II
Thisincludeddigginguptheroad, 63 (lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.
参考答案:
63.laying 63 (lay)thetrack和上文的digginguptheroad及下文的buildingastrongroof...是并列结构,因此用laying。
全国卷III
Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term 61 (rest).
ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants 65 (prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.
参考答案:
61.restingspend+一段时间+doingsth是固定结构,故填resting。
65.toprovewant后通常接不定式todosth。
浙江卷
Sixteenyearsearlier,Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring 61(cook)ameal.
Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot 63 (sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbish.
参考答案:
61.tocook由语境“Pahlsson摘掉戒指去做饭”可知,不定式短语作状语,表目的。
63.swept句子主语ring与sweep之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词形式。
2016年
全国卷I
ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter 66 (permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude 67(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.
参考答案:
66.permitted被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
67.introducinginclude后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语,故填introducing。
全国卷II
Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely 69(bring)yourworkhome.
参考答案:
69.tobringbelikelytodosth是固定结构,意为“可能做某事”,故填tobring。
全国卷III
Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal 63 (create)specialdesigns.
Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots, 64 (use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.
参考答案:
63.tocreate根据句意可知,这里用不定式表目的,故填tocreate。
64.using根据语境可知,use的逻辑主语是people,两者是主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语,故填using。
2015年
全国卷I
Astudyoftravelers 68 (conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.
Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgatewayshereforpeople 70 (live)inShanghaiandHongKong.
参考答案:
68.conducted主语astudy与conduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
70.living被修饰的名词与live之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。
全国卷II
Theadobedwellings(土坯房) 61 (build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout 64 (use)electricequipment.
Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough66 (cool)thehouseduringthehotday;atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.
参考答案:
61.built名词dwellings与build之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
64.using介词后用动名词形式,故填using。
66.tocool该句为“be+adj+enough+todosth”结构,故填tocool。