届高考英语二轮专题复习专练阅读理解主旨大意题专练1.docx
《届高考英语二轮专题复习专练阅读理解主旨大意题专练1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届高考英语二轮专题复习专练阅读理解主旨大意题专练1.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
届高考英语二轮专题复习专练阅读理解主旨大意题专练1
阅读理解主旨大意题专练
（一） 标题归纳类
A
（2017·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测）
SusanBrownellAnthonywasaladyaheadofhertime.Shefoughtforwomen'srightslongbeforetheybecameapopularissue.
SusanwasbornonFebruary15,1820,inAdams,Massachusetts.Atthattime,womenhadfewrights.Theycouldnotownproperty.Moneyearnedbyamarriedwomanbelongedtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote.
Attheageof15,Susanbecameaschoolteacher.Shetaughtfor15years.Thenshebeganorganizingwomen'sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen.Shehelpedgainbettereducationalrightsforwomen.Shehelpedgivemarriedwomenpossessionoftheirearnings.
AftertheCivilWar,Susanbecameveryinvolvedinthewomen'ssuffragemovement.Afteryearsoflecturing,writing,andappealingbySusanandotherwomen,somepartsoftheUnitedStateschangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote.ThefirststatewasWyomingin1869.OtherareasandstatesgraduallyfollowedWyoming'sdecision.Itwasnotuntil1920thattheU．S.Constitutionwaschangedtogiveallwomenvotingrights.
SusanBrownellAnthonydiedin1906attheageof86.ShewaselectedtotheHallofFameforGreatAmericansin1950.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantohavealikeness（肖像）ofherfaceonacoin.Itwasthe1979SusanBrownellAnthonydollar.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖SusanBrownellAnthony。
她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。
【难句分析】 Thenshebeganorganizingwomen'sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen.
分析：
该句为主从复合句，句中thatwereimportanttowomen为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词causes。
译文：
随后她开始组织妇女群体加速实现对妇女来说重要的目标。
1．WhatwasthesituationofAmericanwomenlikewhenSusanwasborn?
A．Theyhadlowsocialstatus.
B．Theycouldvoteaftergettingmarried.
C．Theymanagedmoneyfortheirhusbands.
D．Theywereresponsiblefordecisionmaking.
解析：
A 考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Atthattime,womenhadfewrights.Theycouldnotownproperty.Moneyearnedbyamarriedwomanbelongedtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。
B、C和D项均与此表述不符。
2．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?
A．Susan'steachingexperiences.
B．Susan'seducationalbackground.
C．Susan'seffortstoabolishslavery.
D．Susan'sfightingforwomen'scauses.
解析：
D 考查段落大意。
通读第三段尤其是“Thenshebeganorganizingwomen'sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen”可知，本段主要讲述SusanBrownellAnthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。
干扰项分析：
A项仅为细节之一，无法概括该段大意；B项文中没有提及；根据第三段的“Thenshebeganorganizingwomen'sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen”可知，SusanBrownellAnthony为争取女权而斗争，而不是为废除奴隶制而斗争，故C项错误。
3．Whatdoestheword“decision”inthefourthparagraphreferto?
A．Promotingthesocialmovement.
B．ChangingtheU．S.Constitution.
C．Givingwomenvotingrights.
D．Unitingotherareasandstates.
解析：
C 考查词义猜测。
根据第四段第二句中的“somepartsoftheUnitedStateschangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote”可知，在SusanBrownellAnthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句“ThefirststatewasWyomingin1869.OtherareasandstatesgraduallyfollowedWyoming'sdecision”可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。
4．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A．ThefirstAmericanwomantoinventcoins
B．Theproblemofwomen'srightsintheU．S.
C．Themostpopularwomenorganizations
D．Apioneerinfightingforwomen'srights
解析：
D 考查标题判断。
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖SusanBrownellAnthony。
她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。
据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。
B
（2017·安徽百所重点高中二模）
Ihadthehonourofbeingelectedchiefofmytribe（部落）.Withthetitlecamegreatresponsibility.ItwasmyjobtomakepeacewiththeMaoriTamakitribe,whosevillagewevisited.Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedusdownwithfiercecrying,stickingeyesandmuchnoiseofsticks.Theylaidapalmleafonthegroundand,ashead,Iwasforcedtoacceptthispeaceofferingbypickingitup,thentouchingnoseswiththeirchief.“Kiaora，”hesaid,welcomingusintothewoodlandhomeofhispeople.
My“tribe”wasmyNewZealandcoachtourgroup,whohadforcedmeintobeingtheirleader.We'dbeenwarnedthattheceremonywasaseriousoccasionandthattolaughorevensmilewouldbeconsideredrudetotheTamaki.AfterthatitwasnonstopfunastheydemonstratedtheirancientcustomsandIreceivedinstructioninperformingthehaka,thewardanceimmortalized（使不朽）bytheAllBlacksrugbyteam.
Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetablesoutoftheground.Ithadbeenslowcookedintheheatjustbelowthesurfaceinthegeothermal（地热的）areaofNorthIsland,aMaoritraditionknownasahangithatgoesbackanextremelylongperiodoftime.
Obviously,thisformofitisputonfortouristsbutitwashugelyenjoyable.Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow.“Thewheelsonthebusgoroundandround，”hegotussinging,whilehecircuitedaroundaboutthreetimes.
Acoupleofdaysfromtheendofourtrip,therewasstillsomethingmissing,aNewZealandiconIwantedtoseetomakemygrandtourcomplete.Ridingoveraridge,thereitwas—Aotearoa.TheMaorinameforNewZealandtranslatesas“thelandofthelongwhitecloud”.CanIsay“Kiaora,Aotearoa？
”YoubetIcan.
【解题导语】 本文为记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。
5．Howwerethevisitorsgreetedinthetribe?
A．Thesoldiersmadeapalmleafroad.
B．Thesoldierstouchedtheirnoses.
C．Thesoldiersshooksticksfiercely.
D．Thesoldiersmadenoisewithshuteyes.
解析：
C 考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedusdownwithfiercecrying,stickingeyesandmuchnoiseofsticks.Theylaidapalmleafonthegroundand”可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈叶。
这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。
故选C。
6．WhichreferstotheMaoricookingcustom?
A．Kiaora. B．Haka.
C．Hangi.D．Tamaki.
解析：
C 考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetablesoutoftheground.Ithadbeenslowcookedintheheat...aMaoritraditionknownasahangi”可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为hangi.
7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthedriver?
A．Hewasgoodatsinging.
B．Hemadethejourneymemorable.
C．Hewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.
D．HeperformedwellonaTVshow.
解析：
B 考查推理判断。
根据第四段的“Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow...”可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：
有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他们一路欢歌，故选B。
8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A．AtasteofMaoriculture
B．Hello,NewZealand
C．Thehonourofbeingatribechief
D．ThebestofNewZealand
解析：
A 考查主旨要义。
作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化”作标题最佳。
C
（2017·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷二）
OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.
Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland'smanyvolcanoes.
However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld'sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.
Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.
In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal（地热的）energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!
Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.
IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanewfoundloveinEarthsciences.
【解题导语】 作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。
【难句分析】 Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.
分析：
but连接两个并列分句，第二个分句中Iwouldneverhaverealized为省略了关系词的定语从句。
译文：
相似地，这次事故深深地影响了我的情绪，但是也让我更深入地了解我自己，发现我从未认识到的关于自身的事情。
9．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?
A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.
B．HewasstuckinanIceland'sairport.
C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.
D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.
解析：
D 考查细节理解。
根据文章第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal...crash”和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。
干扰项分析：
A项的carcrash和原文不一致；B、C两项都不是发生在作者身上的事情。
10．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?
A．Theeconomywascostgloballybytheeruption.
B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.
C．Mostoftheworld'splaneswereheldup.
D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.
解析：
A 考查细节理解。
根据文章第二段中的“Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故A项正确。
干扰项分析：
B项和文章第三段中的“savedabout...temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint”矛盾；根据第二段中的“Itcosttheairline....fordays”可知，C项错误；根据第三段内容可知，火山爆发能带来肥沃的土壤，而不是污染土壤，故排除D项。
11．WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano
升级会员 