四级阅读理解模拟题.docx

四级阅读理解模拟题.docx

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四级阅读理解模拟题

I’musuallyfairlyskepticalaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.Whileanyofthesestatementsmightbetrue,　theyarepracticallyimpossibletoprovescientifically.Still,Iwasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.Infact,theanalysisshowed,normalchildrenages9to17exhibitahigherlevelofanxietytodaythanchildrenwhoweretreatedformentalillness50yearsago.

　　WhyareAmerica’skidssostressed?

Thereportcitestwomaincauses:

increasingphysicalisolation—broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity,amongotherthings—andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.

　　Giventhatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationcope.

　　Atthetopofthelistisnurturing（培育）abetterappreciationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.

　　Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers,youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers.Yourfamilywillthankyoulater.Theywillhavemoretimeforface-to-facerelationships,andtheywillgetmoresleep.

　　Limittheamountofvirtual（虚拟的）violenceyourchildrenareexposedto.It’snotjustvideogamesandmovies;childrenseealotofmurderandcrimeonthelocalnews.

　　Keepyourexpectationsforyourchildrenreasonable.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeopleneverattendedHarvardorYale.

　　Makeexercisepartofyourdailyroutine.Itwillhelpyoucopewithyourownanxietiesandprovideagoodmodelforyourkids.Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable.Butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourlife.

　　21.Theauthorthinksthattheconclusionsofanyresearchaboutpeople’sstateofmindare________.

　　A）surprisingB）confusingC）illogical D）questionable

　　22.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays,“wecan’tturntheclockback”（Line1,Para.3）?

　　A）It’simpossibletoslowdownthepaceofchange.

B）Thesocialrealitychildrenarefacingcannotbechanged.

　　C）Lessonslearnedfromthepastshouldnotbeforgotten.

　　D）It’simpossibletoforgetthepast.

　　23.Accordingtoananalysis,comparedwithnormalchildrentoday,childrentreatedasmentallyill50yearsago________.

　　A）werelessisolatedphysically

　　B）wereprobablylessself-centered

C）probablysufferedlessfromanxiety

　　D）wereconsideredlessindividualistic

　　24.Thefirstandmostimportantthingparentsshoulddotohelptheirchildrenis________.

　　A）toprovidethemwithasaferenvironment

　　B）tolowertheirexpectationsforthem

C）togetthemmoreinvolvedsocially

　　D）tosetagoodmodelforthemtofollow

　　25.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

A）Anxiety,thoughunavoidable,canbecopedwith.

　　B）Children’sanxietyhasbeenenormouslyexaggerated.

　　C）Children’sanxietycanbeeliminatedwithmoreparentalcare.

　　D）Anxiety,ifproperlycontrolled,mayhelpchildrenbecomemature.

参考答案：

DBCCA

Theprocessofperceivingothersisrarelytranslated（toourselvesorothers）intocold,objectiveterms."Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt."Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpoint（强调）hisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideas,andcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly—perhapswithatwo-secondglance.

　　ways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers;whoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknownothers'behavior,observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor,deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson'sresponsestospecificstimuli（刺激因素）,askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher,andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson—question,self-disclosures,andsoon.

　　Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon'teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically,thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell（e.g.secretsanddeceptions）maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson（e.g.disclosuresandtruthfulstatement）.

　　21.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelytobeinterestedin

　　A.whathewearsB.howtallheis

　　C.howhappyheisD.whatcolorhedyeshishair

　　22.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.AccordingtoBerger,thatismainlybecause_______.

　　A.somepeoplearemoreemotionalthanothers

　　B.somepeoplearenotawareofthefactthatwewillnevercompletelyknowanotherperson

　　C.somepeoplearesensitiveenoughtosensethechangeofotherpeople'sattitudes

　　D.somepeoplechoosetokeeptothemselves

　　23.Wemayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthimbecause_______.

　　A.wedon'taccepttheideathatwemightneverfullyknowanotherperson

　　B.weoftengetinformationinacasualandinexactway

　　C.wepaymoreattentiontootherpeople'smotivationsandemotions?

62?

　　D.weoftenhaveface-to-faceconversationwithhim

　　24.Therearethingsthatwefindpreventingusfromknowingothers.Thesethingsare

　　A.disclosuresB.deceptions

　　C.stimuliD.interactions

　　25.Thispassagemainlyconcerns_______.

　　A.therelationshipbetweenpeopleB.theperceptionofotherpeople

　　C.secretsanddeceptionsofpeopleD.people'sattitudesandcharacters

参考答案：

　　21.C22.B23.B24.B25.B

Asthe11oflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinhabitofrushingthroughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.

　　Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoften12tobe.Acertainamountofstressis13toprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoor14andillhealth.

　　Theamountofstressapersoncan15dependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuchcharactersare16primematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsof17difficulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwemakechoicebetween"fight"or"flight"andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicesmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobeso18,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinued19tostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannot20stressfromourlives（itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould）,weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.

　　A.cancelB.paceC.extremeD.automatically

　　E.removeF.vitalG.performanceH.supposed

　　I.rateJ.exposureK.achievementL.unusual

　　MobviouslyNwithstandOharsh

　　参考答案：

　　11.B12.H13.F14.G15.N16.M17.L18.C19.J20.E

Intheearlydaysofnuclearpower,theUnitedStatesmakemoneyonit.Buttodayopponents（反对者）havesocomplicateditsdevelopmentthatnonuclearplantshavebeenorderedorbuiltherein12years.

　　Thegreatestfearofnuclearpoweropponentshasalwaysbeenareactor"meltdown".Today,thechancesofameltdownthatwouldthreatenU.S.publichealthareverylittle.Buttoevenfurtherreducethepossibility,engineersaretestingnewreactorsthatrelynotonhumanjudgmenttoshutthemdownbutonthelawsofnature.NowGeneralElectricisalreadybuildingtwoadvancedreactorsinJapan.Butdon'texpectthemevenonU.S.shoresunlessthingschangeinWashington.

　　Theprocedureforlicensingnuclearpowerplantsisabaddream.Anytimeduring,orevenafter,construction,anobjectionbyanygrouporindividualcanbringeverythingtoahaltwhilethematterisinvestigatedortakentocourt.Meanwhile,thebuildermustaddnice-but-not-necessaryimprovements,someofwhichforcehimtoknockdownwallsandstartover.Ineverycasewhenaplanthasbeenopposed,theNuclearRegulationCommissionhasultimatelygrantedalicensetoconstructoroperate.Butthevictoryoftencostssomuchthattheutilityendsupabandoningtheplantanyway.

　　AcaseinpointistheShorehamplantonNewYork'sLongIsland.ShorehamwasavirtualtwintotheMillstoneplantinConnecticut,bothorderedinthemid-60's.Millstone,completedfor$101million,hasbeengeneratingelectricityfortwodecades.Shoreham,however,wassingledoutbyantinuclearactivistswho,bysendinginendlessprotests,drovethecostover$5billionanddelayeditsuseformanyyears.

　　Shorehamfinallywonitsoperationlicense.Buttheplant