届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编阅读理解C篇老师版全部带答案精准校对加强版.docx

届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编阅读理解C篇老师版全部带答案精准校对加强版.docx

《届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编阅读理解C篇老师版全部带答案精准校对加强版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编阅读理解C篇老师版全部带答案精准校对加强版.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编阅读理解C篇老师版全部带答案精准校对加强版

One【2018届天津市南开中学高三英语模拟考试试题】

第二部分：

阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

C

AsArtificialIntelligence（AI,人工智能）becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.

Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it’snecessarytotranslateourmorals（道德准则）intoAIlanguage.

Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn'twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren."Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,"saidRussell.

Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn'tthinkthat'sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.

Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.

Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.

Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodosufficienttestingandthey'veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo（禁忌）.

Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.

Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps,andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansaren'tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.

Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinmoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.

46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots?

A.Itmaybeachallengetocomputerprogrammers.

B.Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology.

C.Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.

D.Ithasbecomeanunavoidabledangerastechnologygetsmoresophisticated.

47.Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues?

A.Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations.

B.Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.

C.Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings.

D.Byimitatingthebehaviorofproperlybrought-uphumanbeings.

48.Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation?

A.Keepadistancefrompossibledangers.

B.Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.

C.Setoffitsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce.

D.Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.

49.Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode?

A.Determinewhatismoralandethical.

B.Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments.

C.Setrulesforman-machineinteraction.

D.Developamoresophisticatedprogram.

50.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe________.

A.Howtoturnhumanideasintoaprogramcode

B.Thethreatsofrobotscouldbeavoidedverysoon

C.Programmedrobotsaregoodforhumanity

D.Humanvaluesshouldbeprogrammedintorobots

Keys:

46-50CBDAD

Two【2018届天津市十二重点中学高三英语毕业班联考

（一）试题】

第二部分：

阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

C

Electriccarsaredirty.Infact,notonlyaretheydirty,theymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.

PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkabout“zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”,butpeopleinCaliforniaseemto becluelessabout whereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostlyusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthenewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells,wegetourelectricityfromgenerators（发电机）.Generatorsarefueledbysomething--usuallycoal,oil,butalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermal

（地热）plantsaswell,butbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.

Inotherwords,those"zero-emissions"carsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It’sjustbecausethecoalisburnedsomewhereelse,itlooksclean.Itisnot.It'sasiftheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes—“IfIcan'tseeit,it'snothappening.”Gasolineisanincrediblyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgas（oranotherfuel）andfirstuseittomakeelectricity,youwasteanicepartofthatenergy,mostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegenerator,throughthetransmissionlines,etc.

Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon'tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangasoline-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromnukesorgeothermal,orhydroorwindorsolar,thenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpolitical,technical,andeconomicreasons,wedon'tusemuchofthoseenergysources.

Inaddition,electriccars'batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill.Andfinally,whencarsarethepolluters,thepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit'sapowerplant,though，allthejunkisinoneplace.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsaretooconcentrated,butittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.

46.Whatdoes“clueless”meaninparagraph2?

A.PeopleseetheCaliforniaGreenseverywhere

B.Peopletherehavenoideathatsofarelectricitymainlycomesfromburningcoal,oil,etc

C.PeopleinCalifornialovetohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells

D.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkaboutzero-emissionsvehicles

47.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Electriccarsarenotcleanatall

B.Electriccarsarebetterthangasoline-poweredones

C.Peoplecastdoubtsonelectriccars’batteries

D.Gasolineisanefficientwaytopoweravehicle

48.Theelectricitywegetfromagallonofgasmaymakeourcarrun______.

A.notlessthan25milesB.asfaras50miles

C.asfaras25milesD.notmorethan25miles

49.Accordingtothetext,electriccars______.

A.aremoreenvironmentallyfriendly

B.burnmorefuelthangas-poweredones

C.areverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentrated

D.arepoisonousforalongtimeandwilleventuallyendupinalandfill

50.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.

A.beinggreenisgoodandshouldbeencouragedincommunication

B.electriccarsarenowthedominantvehiclecomparedwithgasoline-poweredcousins

C.zero-emissionsvehiclesshouldbechosentoprotectourenvironment

D.electriccarsarenotcleanbecausewegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething

Keys:

46-50BADBD

Three【2018届天津市十二重点中学高三英语毕业班联考

（二）试题】

第二部分：

阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

C

Whilelearningthesciencelessons,Iusedtogetadoubt—whyear,nose,tongueandeyesshouldbecalledasspecialsenses?

Thebasicreasonisthatthesearethechannelsthroughwhichwemaintaincontactwiththesurroundings.Thoughapparentlyitmayfeelliketheseareindividualsensoryorgans,theydoshowsomeconnectivity.Interestingly,ourhearingislesssharpafterweeataheavyfood.Isn’titgoodforasoundnapafterastomach-fullmeal?

Thatdoesnotmeanwegodeafafterameal,butthehearingpitch（强度）doeschangeafteraheavymeal.

Weusuallygivecreditofthetastetoourtongue,butdoyouknowthatunlesssaliva（唾液）dissolvessomething,ourtonguecannotrecognizethetasteofthefoodeaten.Tasteisnothingbutthefoodchemicalsdissolvedinthesalivabeingsensedbythetastebudspresentonthetongue.Trytodryoffyourtongueandmouthwithatissuepaperandthentastesomething.

Womenaremuchbettersmellerthanmen.Theyarebornwiththischaracteristicabilityandcancorrectlypinpoint（准确说出）theexactfragranceofthesample.Weallcanstorealmost50,000differentscents,whicharestronglytiedtothememories.

Pupils（瞳孔）donotrespondtolightalone,buttotheslightestbitofnoisearoundtoo.Thussurgeons,watchmakersandthoseprofessionalswhohavetoperformamuchdelicatejobdoprefertohaveasound-freeenvironment.Evenasmallnoisecandilate（扩大）theirpupils,changethefocusandblur（使模糊）theirvision.Ifyoudonotwearglassesorcontactlensduetohavinga6/6vision,youarejustamongtheonethirdofthehumanpopulation.Itisnowstatisticallyprovedthatonlyonethirdofthepopulationhasperfectvision,restallareeitherwearingglassesoraretryingtoreadwithacompromisedvision.

Eachandeveryoneofushasaparticularorindividualisticorcharacteristicsmell,whichisuniquetous,exceptfortheidenticaltwins.Thissmellisverysubtle（微妙的）yetcanbesensedevenbyanewborn.Itmaybeduetothisscentthatthenewbornrecognizesthepresenceofhisparentsaround.Manyofuscanpinpointthesmello

foursignificantfriendsandcolleagues.Asignificantpartofthisphenomenonisguidedbygeneticsbutitisalsochangedbytheenvironment,dietandpersonalhygiene.Thisalltogethercreatestheuniquechemistrythatisindividualisticforeachperson.

46.WecanlearnfromParagraph1that________.

A.afterafullmealourhearingisasgoodasbefore

B.allsensoryorgansareconnectedandcanbeexchanged

C.sensoryorgans’functionscanneverbechangedfortheirparticularcharacter

D.wefeelandlearnabouttheworldaroundusthroughoureyes,ears,noseandtongue

47.Wha