北京地区成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及参考答案Word文档格式.doc

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及参考答案Word文档格式.doc

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　　ButtheGrimmsneededmoney.Theyhadmadeabaddealwiththeirpublisherandreceivedlittlepaymentfortheirfirstbook.AtonepointWilhelmcomplainedtherewasn’tachairinhishouseonecouldsitonwithoutworryingitwouldbreak.Sohetookthehintandsettoworktomakeabookthatwouldbesuitableforchildren.Heselectedafewofthetales,madethemmuchlonger,andpolishedupthelanguage.Hedidn’taddmorals,buthedidslipincharacterjudgmentsandmoralizingcommentswhereverhecould。

　　TheGrimms’fairytalesalsohaveonecharacteristicthatwouldseemtomakethemunsuitableforchildren.Manyofthemincludeviolentincidents.In“HanselandGretel”eatenbyawolf.Whenherevisedthetalesforchildren,WilhelmGrimmretainedtheviolence.Infact,hesometimesevenrampeditup.Forexample,inthefirstedition,theoneintendedforchildren,thatherbirdspeck（啄）outtheireyes。

　　Why,then,havetheGrimms’fairytalesbecomeclassicofchildren’sliterature,somuchsothatitishardtoimagineachildwhodoesn’tknowCinderella’sstoryorSnowWhite’s?

　　Oneansweristhatonlyafewofthetalessurvivedintomoderntimes.ThefirsteditionoftheGrimms’fairytaleshad210tales.By1825itwasdownto50.Andtadayonlyadozenorsoofthetalesareoftenreprintedinchildren’scollections。

　　（76）Butthedeeperansweristhatthetalesthathavelastedaremagicaladventuresthathelpchildrendealwiththestrugglesandfearsoftheireverydaylives。

　　WhydidWilhelmGrimmsetouttoadapthisbookforchildren?

　　Todealwithreaders’complaints。

　　Toimprovehisfinancialsituation。

　　Attherequestofhispublisher。

　　Topreservetheancientstoriesinprint。

　　Whenrevisingthefairytales,WilhelmdidallofthefollowingEXCEPT_______。

　　A.addingcharacterjudgments.B.makingthetalesmuchlonger

　　C.deletingtheviolentscenesD.polishingupthelanguage

　　3.Whatdoestheexpression“rampeditup”inParagraph3probablymean?

　　A.StartedB.AllowedC.ClassifiedD.Increased

　　4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheGrimms’fairytalesisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

　　A.Theywereoriginallyintendedtobechildren’sstories。

　　B.Generallyspeaking,thetalesthathaveenduredcanhelpchildrendealwiththechallengeslifebringtothem。

　　C.Alargenumberofthetalesmadeittothemodernage。

　　D.Theyarelessviolentthanthechildren’sstoriesbeingwrittentoday。

　　5.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?

　　A.Historyoffairytales。

　　B.Waystopreservetheoraltradition。

　　C.TheGrimms’fairytales。

　　D.Violenceinfairytales。

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Astheschoolyearkicksoff,parentsareonceagainstrugglingtocajole（哄骗）and,ifneedbe,dragtheirexhaustedteensoutofbed,Thatimagemaymakeyoulaugh,butlackofsleepisnojoke.（77）Teenagerswhodon’tgetenoughresthavemorelearning,health,behaviorandmoodproblemsthanstudentswhogetatleastninehoursanight.Long-termlackofsleeoistiedtoheartdisease,overweight,depressionandashortenedlife.Lackofsleepcanbeespeciallydeadlyforteens;

caraccidentsaretheleadingcauseofdeathamongteenagers,andsafetyexpertsbelievesleepydrivingisamajorfactor。

　　Unfortunately,fewteenagersgetthesleeptheyneed.Inasurveyofmiddle-andhigh-schoolstudents,UniversityofColoradoresearchersfoundthat82percentsaidtheywokeuptiedandunrefreshed,andmorethanhalfhadtroubleconcentratingduringthedayatleastonceaweek。

　　Blamemultitaskingforsomeofthis.Manystudentsarejugglingafter-schoolactivities,homeworkandpart-timejobs.Evenwhentheymanagetofulfilltheseobligationsbyareasonablehour,television,theinternet,videogames,phonecallsandtextmessagetofriendsoftenkeepthemawakedeepintothenight.Takingsodaandenergydrinkslateinthedayandgoingtolate-nightpartiesonweekendsaddtosleepformostteenstofallasleepbefore11pm.Classusuallybeingsbefore8:

15am,withmanyhighschoolsstartingasweendstocatchup,makingitevenhardertofallasleeponSundaynightandwakeupMondaymorning.Playingcatch-uponweekendsalsodoesn’thelpteensstayrefreshedwhentheneeditmost:

duringtheweekatschool。

　　Sincethe1990s,middleandhighschoolinmorethantwodozenstateshaveexperimentedwithlaterschoolstarttimes.（78）Theresultshavebeenencouraging:

moresleep,increasedattendance,bettergradesandfewerdrivingaccidents.Butmostschoolstillstartearly,meaningteenshavetheirworkcutoutforthemiftheywanttogetenoughsleep。

　　6.Accordingtothepassage,poorsleepcanbelinkedtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT____。

　　A.heartdiseaseB.caraccidents

　　C.skinproblemsD.poorconcentration

　　7.ThemainideaofParagraph3is______。

　　A.howsleepdeprivation（缺乏）canbetreated

　　B.whatcausessleepdeprivation

　　C.whoismostatriskforsleepdeprivation

　　D.whysleepdeprivationisaseriousconcern

　　8.Whatdoestheword“juggling”inParagragph3probablymean?

　　A.Dealingwithatthesametime

　　B.Strikingabalancebetween

　　C.Weekendcatch-upsleep

　　D.Healthydiet

　　9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtobalmeforteenager’lackofsleep?

　　A.MultitaskingB.Strikingabalancebetween

　　C.Weekendcatch-upsleepD.Healthydiet

　　10.Accordingtothepassage,whathavesomeschooldonetohelptheirstudentsgetenoughsleep?

　　A.Educatingtheirstudentsabouttheimportanceofsleep

　　B.Monitoringtheirstudents’late-nightactivities

　　C.Delayingschoolstarttimes

　　D.Settingstrictrules。

　　Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Asanymiddle-classparentknows,unpaidworkexperiencecangiveyoungstersavaluableintroductiontoasecurejob.Thegovernmenthasrecognizedittoo,abandoningrulesin2011thathadformerlystopped16-to24-years-oldsfromdoingunpaidworkwhileclaimingunemploymentbenefit.Butmovingfromthattoforcingthemtoworkwithoutpayinordertocollectthesebenefitshasprovedabigstep。

　　（79）MorethanonemillionyoungpeopleinBritainareunemployed,thehighestnumbersincethemid-1980s.Keenbothtocutthewelfarebillandtoavoidthedepressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasimpressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasintroducedanambitiousprogramofreformtogetyoungstersoffwelfareandintowork.Akeypartofitisensuringthatnoonegetsbenefitfromthegovernmentforlong;

ministersarekeentoavoidwhathappenedaftertheearly-1980srecession（衰退），whenunemploymentcontinuedinsomepartsofthecountryforalongtimeaftertheeconomybegantoimprove。

　　Tohelpyoungpeopleintowork,ministershadpersuadedlotsofemployers,includingbakerychains,bookshops,andsupermarkets,totakeonunemployedyouths,whoreceiveworkexperiencebutnopay,withtheprospectofproperjobforthosewhoshine.（80）Some35,000youngstersparticipatedlastyear;

halffoundpaidworksoonafterfinishingthescheme。

　　Theideaofgettingyoungadultsusedtoshowingupforworkispopularwithvoters:

accordingtoasurveypublishedinFebruary,about60%ofpeoplesupporttheprogram.Equallyattractivewastheoptionofcompellingthemtowork:

undertheexistingarrangementsyoungsterscouldchoosewhetherornottoacceptaplace,butiftheydroppedputaftertheendofthefirstweek,theystoodtoloseuptotwoweeks’benefits。

　　Yettheschemehasalsopolarized（两极分化的）opinion:

athirdofpeopleareconsistentlyopposed.Followinganoisy“RighttoWork”campaignthataccusedemployersofco-operatingsecretlywiththisfromgettingworse,ChrisGrayling,anemploymentminister,admittedthatyoungpeoplecouldleavetheirworkexperienceatanytimewithoutbeingpunishedfordoingso.Thisnotonlyhaltedtheflightofemployers（fornow,atleast）butalsoenabledhimtoannouncethatnewfirmshaveagreedtotakepartintheprogram。

.

　　11.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeopleinBritain_____。

　　A.areusedtoshowingupforwork

　　B.valueunpaidworkverymuch

　　C.arealwaysopposedtounpaidwork

　　D.couldlearnsomethingaboutjobsecuritythroughunpaidwork

　　12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

　　A.Mostvoterssupportthegovernment’sefforttohelpyoungpeopletowork

　　B.Somepeopleprotestagainstthegovernment’sattempttoforceyoungpeopletowork

　　C.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhotookpartintheprogram

　　D.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhoarejobless

　　13.Accordingtotheauthor,theBritishgovernmentistryingto______。

　　A.punishyoungpeopleiftheyarenotcooperatingwithit

　　B.reformtheunemployedyoung