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并列从句
Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.
63
并列结构
Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.
64
定语从句
Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous（self-governing）manoftraditionaltheory,andtheyareessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.
65
时间状语从句
省略结构
Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.
2003
不定式短语做定语
分词短语做状语
动词短语subjectto
Furthermore,humanshavetheabilitytomodifytheenvironmentinwhichtheylive,thussubjectingallotherlifeformstotheirownpeculiarideasandfancies.
介词短语作方式状语
Socialscienceisthatbranchofintellectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned,orderly,systematic,anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena.
带有多重定语修饰的简单句
过去分词短语作定语
复合宾语结构
习惯用法becombinedwith…
Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-culturalperspectivebroughttotheanalysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialscience
Tylordefinedcultureas"
...thatcomplexwholewhichincludesbelief,art,morals,law,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety."
插入结构
动词词组make…possible
Thus,theanthropologicalconceptof"
culture,"
liketheconceptof"
set"
inmathematics,isanabstractconceptwhichmakespossibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchandunderstanding
2004
复杂的时间状语何地点状语并列修饰动词
动词短语haveaconnectionwith,takeroot
TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.
√
L2
并列谓语结构
习惯用法beobligedtosb,dieout
Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeopleswhospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages.
结果状语从句
习惯用法bedifferentfrom,sothat,accuseof
ThenewlydescribedlanguageswereoftensostrikinglydifferentfromthewellstudiedlanguagesofEuropeandSoutheastAsiathatsomescholarsevenaccusedBoasandSapiroffabricatingtheirdata.
状语的翻译
同位语从句
习惯用法beinterestedin…
Beinginterestedintherelationshipoflanguageandthought,Whorfdevelopedtheideathatthestructureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtinasociety.
习惯用法believein
Whorfcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich,initsstrongestform,statesthatlanguageimprisonsthemind,andthatthegrammaticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefar-reachingconsequencesforthecultureofasociety.
46
倒装结构
Televisionisoneofthemeansbywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed-andperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnationsasintherecenteventsinEurope.
47
InEurope,aselsewhere,multi-mediagroupshavebeenincreasinglysuccessfulgroups,whichbringtogethertelevision,radio,newspapers.magazinesandpublishinghousesthatworkinrelationtooneanother.
48
Thisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurvivein.afactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworks,nolessthan50%tookalossin1989.
49
Creatinga"
Europeanidentity"
thatrespectsthedifferentculturesandtraditionswhichgotomakeuptheconnectingfabricoftheOldContinentisnoeasytaskanddemandsastrategicchoice
50
形式主语
Indealingwithachallengeonsuchascale,itisnoexaggerationtosay"
Unitywestanddividedwefall"
2006
复合句
IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginSocraticwayaboutmoralproblems.
Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamanneraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.
让步状语从句
Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisaccomplishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.
限制性状语从句
比较状语从句
Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcodewhichgovernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.
Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.
2007
被动语态
并列结构
多重定语
Traditionally,legallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyers,ratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.
定语从句
Ontheother,itlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.
同位语从句
Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenrestsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewmedia
Infact,itisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories.
状语从句
Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestories,itispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.
定语
并列
（46）hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.
宾从定从
Heasserted,also,thathispowertofollowalongandpurelyabstracttrainofthoughtwasverylimited,forwhichreasonfeltcertainthathenevercouldhavesucceededwithmathematics.
并列结构分词作定语状语从句
Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.
宾从比较级
定从并列结构
Headdshumblythatperhapshewas“superiortothecommonrunofmeninnoticingthingswhicheasilyescapeattention,andinobservingthemcarefully.”
宾从并列比较级
Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.
2009
多重定语并列结构
Itmaybesaidthatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience;
butthiseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive
倒装并列结构
被动
Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregraduallystillwasthiseffectconsideredasadirectivefactorintheconductoftheinstitution
状语从句主从
Whileitiseasytoignoreinourcontactwiththemtheeffectofouractsupontheirdisposition,itisnotsoeasyasindealingwithadults
状语从句定从
Sinceourchiefbusinesswiththemistoenablethemtoshareinacommonlifewecannothelpconsideringwhetherornotweareformingthepowerswhichwillsecurethisability
定从
Wearethusledtodistinguish,withinthebroadeducationalprocesswhichwehavebeensofarconsidering,amoreformalkindofeducation--thatofdirecttuitionorschooling。
破解考研长难句
（2009-10-2811:
50:
17）
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标签：
杂谈
分类：
考研英语
无论是什么种类的英语考试，让同学们头痛的事有两个，一个是单词不认识，另一个就是单词都认识，但句子却看不懂。
相信只要这两个问题解决了，那所有的英语考试的难度就降低了一大半。
首先就考研的阅读理解来看，我做过很多调查，同学们存在的问题不是找不到题目答案的定位点，而是能找到答案所在的句子，句子的单词也认识，但是这句话却怎么也读不懂，导致费了很大的劲，最终还是功亏一篑，失败在最后一步。
其次，长难句分析在翻译中的作用就更毋庸置疑了。
考研翻译评分标准就是分段给分，微观扣分。
也就是说考生在做考研翻译之前就要做一个句子切分的工作，拆分的依据就是长难句分析的依据。
最后，考研作文和长难句也是息息相关的，如果你能准确把握长难句难的原因，那作文何愁写不来长句子呢？
基于此，笔者一直在思考用什么更直白的语言来让学生更快准地把握、分析长难句呢？
一、为什么英语会存在长难句？
这时同学们会去思考，汉语为什么不存在这种读起来就想让人自杀的句子？
这要从英语的基本句型开始。
1.
名词惹的祸
有名词就会存在修饰成分。
名词后可能是of短语、介词短语、形容词短语、分词、不定式或者从句，不管其后是哪种成分，一般情况下，名词后面有一堆东西，这一堆东西一定是修饰或解释这个名词的。
我们最常用的句型就是主谓宾结构。
比如说Iloveyou.这句话每个人都能读懂，巨简单无比，但是在考研英语中这种句子如果能存在，就说明出题人今年一定是更年期了。
首先，英语中只要存在名词，就会存在修饰名词或解释名词的东西。
所以，I后面可能跟有这些成分.比如liuxiaoyan，这个东西也是名词，名词后面还可能有修饰或限定成分，比如wh
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