直接和间接引语.ppt

直接和间接引语.ppt

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Unit5Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,1.直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话有引号,2.间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。

间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。

E.G.Shesaid,“Illneverforgetthemoment.”,E.G.Shesaidshewouldneverforgetthemoment.”,直接引语变间接引语关键要掌握下列“三要素”,要素一：

直接引语是陈述句时用连接词that，在口语中可省略。

引述动词用said,told,等。

Hesaid:

“Ileftmybookinmyroom.”,Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.,Shesaid:

“Hewillbebusy.”,Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.,陈述句解题步骤:

“Idontlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.,didnt,she,Sarahsaidtoherfriends（that）,shedidntlikecomputers.,Exercises:

Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”Hesaid,“IllgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”,HesaidthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.,HesaidthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.,要素二：

（1）.直接引语是一般疑问句时用连接词if或whether;是选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等,用陈述句语序.,ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?

”,SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.,Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?

”,Sheaskedmewhetherthatbookwasmineorhis.,一般疑问句解题步骤:

Theyaskedhim,“Willyoufinishthework?

”,Theyaskedhim,if,Youwillfinishthework,Theyaskedhimifhewouldfinishthework.,Exercises:

Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?

”Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?

”,HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.,Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.,Attention，please!

原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等）一般疑问句中用if/whether作为连接词特殊疑问句中保留原有疑问词引号内的句子语序变为陈述句语序，即主语+谓语,

（2）.直接引语是特殊疑问句时用原句中的疑问词作连接词,语序改为陈述句语序。

Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?

”,TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.,“WhatareyougoingtodonextFridayafternoon？

”HanMeiaskedme,HanMeiaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothenextFridayafternoon,特殊疑问句解题步骤：

Theyaskedhim,“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?

”,Theyaskedhim,When,youharvestthewheat,（youharvestthewheat.）,he,harvested,Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.,Exercises:

Hesaidtome，“Whatsyourname?

”Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?

”,Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.,Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.,要素三：

直接引语是祈使句时,用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。

即told/askedsb.（not）todosth.,Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Dontwasteyourtime.”,Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.,Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”,ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.,直接引语改为间接引语,当引述动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应的变化.,直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时,则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变,Shesays,“Iwillneverforgetthemoment,Shesaysthatshewillneverforgetthemoment.,直接引语变间接引语时,要注意以下时态不变的特殊情况。

1.直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。

Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”,Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.,Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”,Myfathersaidpracticemakesperfect.,2.直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变。

Hesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1978.”,Hetoldmethathewasbornin1978.,Theengineersaid,“Iwasatcollegein1967.”,Theengineersaidhewasatcollegein1967.,3.直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的，变间接引语时，时态保持不变，,Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”,Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.,Hesaid,“wearestillstudents.”,Hesaidtheyarestillstudents.,4.直接引语中有When，since，while引导的从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句时态,从句的时态不变。

Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”,HesaidhehadstudiedEnglishsincehewasaboy.,Shesaid,“IreadthebookwhileIwaswaitingforabus.,Shesaidshehadreadthebookwhileshewaswaitingforabus.,把下列直接引语变间接引语:

1.Lucysaid:

”IamgoodatEnglish”.2.”LiLeiisreadingabook.”Petersaidtome.3.”Icanrideabiketoschool.”Lanasaid.4.”Tomorrowwewillhaveafootballmatch,”Hetoldhismother.5.TheboysaidTheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturday.”,Exercises:

1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcantfinishthiswork.”,2.Hesaid,“IhaventheardfromhimsinceMay.”,Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldntfinishthatwork.,HesaidthathehadntheardfromhimsinceMay.,3.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.,Tomsaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.”,4.“Whywereyoulateagain?

”Theteachersaidtome.5.“HaveyoubeentoParis?

”Myclassmateaskedme.6.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.,TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.,Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?

”,MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.,