实用词汇翻译之经济篇.docx
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实用词汇翻译之经济篇
经济篇
国民生产总值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)
人均国民生产总值percapitaGNP
产值outputvalue
鼓励giveincentiveto
投入input
宏观控制exercisemacro-control
优化经济结构optimizetheeconomicstructure
输入活力bringvigorinto
改善经济环境improveeconomicenvironment
整顿经济秩序rectifyeconomicorder
有效地控制通货膨胀effectivelycontrolinflation
非公有成分non-publicsectors
主要成分dominantsector
实在的tangible
全体会议plenarysession
解放生产力liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces
引入歧途leadonetoablindalley
举措move
实事求是seektruthfromfacts
引进、输入importation
和平演变peacefulevolution
试一下haveago(atsth.)
精华、精粹、实质quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem
搞活企业invigorateenterprises
商品经济commodityeconomy
基石cornerstone
零售retail
发电量electricenergyproduction
有色金属nonferrousmetals
人均收入percapitaincome
使负担besaddledwith
营业发达的公司goingconcerns
被兼并或挤掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness
善于接受的receptive
增额、增值、增长increment
发展过快excessivegrowth
抽样调查datafromthesamplesurvey
扣除物价上涨部分priceincreasearededucted(excluded)
实际增长率actualgrowthrate
国际收支internationalbalanceofpayments
流通制度circulationsystem
总工资totalwages
分配形式formsofdistribution
风险资金riskfunds
管理不善poormanagement
一个中心、两个基本点onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints
以经济建设为中心,坚持四项基本原则
(1)社会主义道路
(2)党的领导(3)人民民主专政(4)马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放
thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicpointsarethefourcardinalprinciples-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistPartyleadership,tothepeople'sdemocraticdictatorshipandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andpersistinginreformandopening.
改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
Reformis"theself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialistsystem."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力,是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力,是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
Thecriterionforourjudgementiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelopmentofsocialistproductiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力,消灭剥削,消除贫富两极分化,最终达到共同富裕。
Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,theeliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinalachievementofcommonprosperity.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响,特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
towarnpeopleoftheinfluenceofboththeRightandthe"Left"deviations,particularlyofthedeep-rooted"Left"influence.
中国要警惕右,但更要防"左"。
ChinaneedstobevigilantagainsttheRightdeviation,butprimarily,itshouldguardagainstthe"Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialismandcapitalismarenotdistinguishedbytheproportionofplannedandmarketeconomy.
随着改革的深化,国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小,而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
Asthereformfurtherdevelops,thescopeformandatorystateplanswillbenarrowed,whilethescopeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.
各尽所能,按劳/需分配。
fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.
经济结构改革。
reformineconomicstructure
剩余劳动力。
surpluslabor
经营机制
operativemechanism
发挥市场的调节作用
togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket
经济和法律的杠杆
economicandlegalleverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
tocancelthestate'smonopolyonthepurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalproducts
改革重点转移到城市
thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities
国家的根本任务是,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化,把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
tomodernizethecountry'sindustry,agriculture,nationaldefenceandscienceandtechnologystepbysteptoturnChinaintoastrongandprosperoussocialistcountrywithahighlevelofcultureanddemocracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制,即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeansofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.
国有经济,即社会主义全民所有制经济,是国民经济中的主导力量。
Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.
农业farming
林业forestry
畜牧业animalhusbandry
副业sidelineproduction
渔业fishing
第一产业primaryindustry
第二产业secondaryindustry
第三产业tertiaryindustry
生产资料meansofproduction
生活资料meansoflivelihood/subsistence
生产关系relationsofproduction
生产力productiveforces
公有制publicownership
私有制privateownership
全民所有制ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople
社会主义集体所有制socialistcollectiveownership
厉行节约,反对浪费topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste
外资企业foreign-fundedenterprise
合资企业jointventure
合作企业cooperativeenterprise
独资企业whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise
译名参考
大专院校部分系及教研室译名
(戏剧学院)表演系ActingDepartment
艺术系ArtsDepartment
会计系DepartmentofAccounting
家业经济系DepartmentofAgriculturalEconomics
农学系DepartmentofAgriculture
解剖学DepartmentofAnatomy
畜牧系DepartmentofAnimalHusbandry
考古学系DepartmentofArchaeology
建筑工程系DepartmentofArchitecturalEngineering
建筑学DepartmentofArchitecture
天文学DepartmentofAstronomy
原子能系DepartmentofAtomicEnergy
自动化系DepartmentofAutomation
汽车工程系DepartmentofAutomobileEngineering
银行系DepartmentofBanking
生物(学)系DepartmentofBiology
植物(学)系DepartmentofBotany
企业管理系DepartmentofBusinessAdministration
化学系DepartmentofChemistry
中文系DepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature
土木工程系DepartmentofCivilEngineering
通讯工程系DepartmentofCommunicationEngineering
计算机学系DepartmentofComputerScience
舞蹈系DepartmentofDance
外交系DepartmentofDiplomacy
经济管理系DepartmentofEconomicManagement
经济(学)系DepartmentofEconomics
教育系DepartmentofEducation
电机工程系DepartmentofElectricalEngineering
电子系DepartmentofElectronics
工程物理系DepartmentofEngineeringPhysics
昆虫学系DepartmentofEntomology
环境工程学系DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering
食品工程系DepartmentofFoodEngineering
林学系DepartmentofForestry
遗传工程系DepartmentofGeneticsEngineering
地理系DepartmentofGeography
地质系DepartmentofGeology
地球物理系DepartmentofGeophysics
历史系DepartmentofHistory
园艺系DepartmentofHorticulture
工业设计系DepartmentofIndustrialDesign
工业工程系DepartmentofIndustrialEngineering
工业管理系DepartmentofIndustrialManagement
国际经济系DepartmentofInternationalEconomics
国际政治系DepartmentofInternationalPolitics
国际关系系DepartmentofInternationalRelations
国际贸易系DepartmentofInternationalTrade
新闻系DepartmentofJournalism
法律系DepartmentofLaw
图书馆学系DepartmentofLibraryScience
文学系DepartmentofLiterature
管理科学系DepartmentofManagementScience
材料工程系DepartmentofMaterialsEngineering
材料科学系DepartmentofMaterialsScience
数学系DepartmentofMathematics
机械工程系DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering
医学系DepartmentofMedicine
医学工程系DepartmentofMedicalEngineering
冶金系DepartmentofMetallurgy
气象学系DepartmentofMeteorology
矿冶系DepartmentofMiningandMetallurgy
音乐系DepartmentofMusic
造船学系DepartmentofNavalArchitecture
航海系DepartmentofNavigation
护理系DepartmentofNursing
海洋学系DepartmentofOceanography
东方语言学系DepartmentofOrientalLanguages&Literature
石油学系DepartmentofPetroleum
药物系DepartmentofPharmacy
哲学系DepartmentofPhilosophy
体育系DepartmentofPhysicalEducation
物理系DepartmentofPhysics
生理学系DepartmentofPhysiology
政治系DepartmentofPoliticalScience
印刷系DepartmentofPrinting
心理学系DepartmentofPsychology
无线电工程系DepartmentofRadioEngineering
河流港湾工程系DepartmentofRiver&HarbourEngineering
俄语系DepartmentofRussian
雕塑系DepartmentofSculpture
社会学系DepartmentofSociology
土壤系DepartmentofSoil
测量系DepartmentofSurvey
西班牙语系DepartmentofSpanish
纺织工程系DepartmentofTextileEngineering
戏剧系DepartmentofTheatricals
旅游管理系DepartmentofTouristManagement
国画系DepartmentofTraditionChinesePainting
运输管理系DepartmentofTransportationManagement
水利系DepartmentofWaterConservancy
西方语言系DepartmentofWesternLanguages
动物学系DepartmentofZoology
英语系EnglishLanguageDepartment
外语系ForeignLanguagesDepartment
法语系FrenchLanguageDepartment
系主任办公室OfficeoftheDepartmentHead
教研组TeachingandResearchGroup
教研室(组)TeachingandResearchSection
教材编写组TeachingMaterialsWritingGroup
其它教学单位通称译名
托儿所nursery/creche
幼儿园kindergarten
小学primary(elementary)school
中学middle(secondary)school
初中juniormiddleschool
高中seniormiddleschool
职业中学vocationalmiddleschool
实验中学experimentalmiddleschool
附属中学attachedmiddleschool
农业中学agriculturalmiddleschool
(职工)子弟学校schoolforchildrenofworkers&staffmembers
业余学校spare-timeschool
电视大学television(T.V.)university
职工大学collegeforworkers&Staffmembers
文科大学universityofliberalarts
理科大学universityofscience
函授大学correspondencecollege
中等专科学校secondarytechnicalschool
技工学校schooloftechnology
聋哑学校schoolofdeaf-mutes
盲人学校schoolfortheblind/blidmen'sschool
成人学校adultschool
民办学校voluntaryschool
补习学校continuationschool
夜校evening(night)school
职业学校vocationalschool
外语学校foreignlanguagesschool
卫生学校healthschool
商业学校commercialschool
师范学校schoolforkindergartenteachers
护士学校nurses'school
艺术学校artschool
舞蹈学校dancingschool
会计学校accountantschool
财贸学校financeandtradeschool
水利学校waterconservancyschool
电力学校electricpowerschool
化工学校chemicalengineeringschool
邮电学校posts&telecommunicationsschool
电机制造学校electricalmachineryschool
冶金机械学校metallurgicalmachineryschool
铁路技术学校railwayengineeringschool
石油地质学校petroleumgeologicalschool
建筑工程学校bu