高考英语专题训练之名词性从句Word文档格式.docx
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e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.
4．宾语从句
1）作及物动词或介词的宾语（it可作形式宾语||；
注意whether和if区别）
2）直接引语和间接引语
Idoubtwhether\ifhewillkeephisword.Idon’tdoubtthatourteamwillwin.
一．引导词
1.从属连词有that||，whether||，if。
它们只起连接作用||，不充当从句的任何成分
2.连接代词有who||，whom||，whose||，what||，which||，whatever||，whoever||，whichever等。
它们在从句中起连接作用||，本身又作从句的主语、宾语、宾补或定语。
3．连接副词有when||，where||，why||，how等||，它们既起连接作用||，本身又作从句的状语。
howmany（much||，far||，long||，often||，soon）等引导主语、宾语、表语从句
二．语序：
名词性从句中一律用陈述句语序
Whenhewillarriveisnotknown.
Idon'
tknowhowIcangetthroughtheexam.
三．时态
1．在宾语从句中||，当主句是一般现在时||，其从句的谓语根据各种需要用各种时态
Maryisverydiligent.Marywasverydiligent.
MaryisreadingEnglish.TomsaidMarywasreadingEnglish.
TomsaysMarywillgiveusatalk.Marywouldgiveusatalk.
Maryhasbeencaughtintherain.Maryhadbeencaughtintherain.
但是||，宾语从句表示事实、格言、谚语等||，从句的时态仍用一般现在时。
2．在主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中||，也要注意主从句的谓语动词要一致||，关键要注意动作发生的先后。
Whowillwinthefirstprizeinthecontestisnotknowntous.
Haveyouanyideawhyhewassorude?
四、语气
1．只要表示“命令、建议、要求”的各类名词性从句||，都要用虚拟语气should+动词原形||，should可以省略。
五．宾语从句否定词的转移
六、if和whether表“是否”||，一般情况下可以通用||，下列情况下不可通用。
1．主语从句句首2．表语从句3．介词之后
4．不定式之前5．紧跟ornot6.同位语从句
7.宾语从句前移Whethershewillwinthegame||，I’mnotsure.
七．that和what
that不充当任何成分||，what可以在从句中充当成分：
主语、宾语、表语。
that在宾语从句中可以省略。
下面几种情况不可以省略：
1．主语从句2.表语从句
3.同位语从句
OnceAristotlehadmadeuphismindthatheavyobjectsalwaysfellfasterthanlightobjects.
4.it作形式宾语||，that引导的真正宾语从句
Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.
5.两个或多个并列的that引导的宾语从句||，只有第一个that可省
Mr.smithtoldtheworkers（that）Johnhadworkedveryhardandthathewantedhimstay.
八．1．Whoever=anyonewho||，whichever||，whatever=anythingthat=名词/代词+（相关的）连接代词
Hegavewhoevercametothedoorasmile.=Hegaveanypersonwhocametothedoorasmile.
比较：
Heaskedmewhobroketheglass.
Heaskedmewhoeverbroketheglass.
Whoevergoesagainstlawshallbepunished.
Whogoesagainstlawshallbepunished.
2．wh-ever与nomatterwh-的用法区别
wh-ever可引导名词性从句||，让步状语从句||；
nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句
WhateverIsaid||，hewouldn’tlistentome.
==NomatterwhatIsaid||，hewouldn’tlistentome.
HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.
九．同位语从句的that和定语从句的that的区别
1.Thenewsthatourteamhadwonmadeusveryhappy.
同位语从句||，that在抽象名次之后||，对其作补充说明||，在从句中不充当成分||，不可省
2.Thenews（that）hebroughtusmadeusveryhappy.
定语从句||，that在定语从句中充当主语或宾语||，作宾语可省。
名词性从句考点归纳
一、名词性从句的语序：
陈述语序
（1）that和whether/if引导的从句
Shesensedsomething.
Atallmaninadarkcoatwasstaringather
Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.
Shewondered.
Wouldthebusesstillberunning?
Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.
2）疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序||，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。
他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.
Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.
你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？
Couldyoutellmewherehelives?
Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?
1.主语从句：
从句在句中充当主语成分
1）.Thathewillsucceediscertain.
2）Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.
3）Whathesaidisnottrue.
4）Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.
5）Whoevercomesiswelcome.
6）It’scertainthathewillsucceed.
7）Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.
8）Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.
由that引导:
1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
2._____________________isknowntoall.（地球是圆的）
3.________________________isapity.（你错过了这次机会）
Keys
2.Thattheearthisround
3.Thatyoumissedthechance
考点一:
主语从句后置!
为了避免主语冗长||，句子头重脚轻||，经常用it作形式主语||，主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。
例:
Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.
2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.
由连词whether和if||，连接代词what||，who||，which和连接副词when||，where||，why||，how等引导.也常常后置:
Itdoesn’tmatterif/whetherheisaforeigner.
Itisaquestionwhetherheiswillingtocome.
Itisunknownhowshehasreducedherweightinsuchashorttime
It的用法：
（形式主语）
It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…
It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道…
It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…
Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然、明显、碰巧..
It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…
It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge（众所周知）
/acommonsaying….（俗话说）
Itiswellknown/reported/thought/said…that…
Itisclear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful…that…
Itisapity/ashame/anhonour/that…
Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…
Itseemsthat…
Ithappensthat…
考点二注意：
主语从句中||，谓语动词一般用单数
What引导的主语从句||，可根据表语决定
Whatheneeds_is_thatbook?
Whatheneeds_are_somebook?
宾语从句：
1.从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、形容词||，不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）
连词：
that||，whether||，if（that常可省略）who||，what||，which||，whoever||，whatever||，when||，where||，why||，how
1）.Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.
2）.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.
3）Iamafraidthathedidn’tcallme.
4）.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.
5）.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.
用if或whether填空
1.Idon’tknow_______I’llbefreetomorrow.
2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.
3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.
4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.
5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.
6._______youarenotfreetomorrow||，I’llgowithoutyou
2）.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留
a.在主+谓+it（形式宾语）+宾补+that从句（真正宾语）的句型中不省略.
eg:
Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.
Idon’tthinkitrightthatyouleavehomewithouttellingyourparents.
b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中||，第二个that不省略.
eg:
Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.
宾语从句的时态呼应
1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时||，从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.
a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.
Hebelieves_________________________.
b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.
Pleasetellme_________________________.
2.如果主句谓语是过去时||，从句谓语动词一般用过去的
某种时态||，但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规
律等时||，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。
1）.他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。
Hetoldme______________________.
2）.他说他已离开家乡十年了。
Hetoldme______________________.
3）.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。
Theteachertellus______________________
3.表语从句：
从句在句中充当表语成分||，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：
对主语进行解释说明。
连接词：
that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句）
连接代词：
who/whom/whose/which/what
连接副词：
when/where/why/how/because
Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.
That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.
Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.
That’swhyIwaslate.
because||，asif也可引导表语从句:
1.Heisabsenttoday.It’s________heisseriouslyill.
2.Itlooks________it’sgoingtorainagain.
TrueorFalse:
Hersuggestionisthatwewilldoitbyturns.
Hersuggestionisthatwedoitbyturns.
4.同位语从句：
从句在句中充当同位语成分||，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea||，belief||，fact||；
truth||，problem||，news等）后面||，对名词作进一步解释说明.
同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether
1）Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.
2）WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.
3）.SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.
三、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式：
n.+连接词+从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有：
fact、idea||，news||，information||，order||，belief||，suggestion||，advice等
3.连接词通常是that||，也可根据含义选用whether||，what||，when||，where等来引导同位语从句。
选词填空that/whether/where/how
1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.
2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.
3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.
4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.
5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.
真题典例
1．[2019•重庆卷]________struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'
sdeeploveforhisson.
A．ThatB．ItC．WhatD．Which
2．[2019•山东卷]It'
sgoodtoknow________thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewe'
reaway.
A.whatB．whoseC．whichD．that
3．[2019•陕西卷]Itremainstobeseen________thenewlyformedcommittee'
spolicycanbeputintopractice.
A．thatB．whichC．whatD．whether
4．[2019•四川卷]________yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.
A.WhenB．HowC．WhatD．That
5．[2019•北京卷]Expertsbelieve________peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.
A.whyB．whereC．thatD．what
6．[2019•江西卷]________oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.
A.WhoeverB．WhateverC．WhicheverD．Wherever
7．[2019•浙江卷]Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief________youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.
A.howB．thatC．whichD．whether
8．[2019•新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Policehavefound_______appearstobethelostancientstatue.
A.whichB．whereC．howD．what
9．[2019•安徽卷]Fromspace||，theearthlooksblue.Thisis________aboutseventyonepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.
A．whyB．howC．becauseD．whether
10．[2019•湖南卷]Dono
升级会员 