浙江省宁波市十校届高三份适应性考试英语精校Word版含答案Word下载.docx

浙江省宁波市十校届高三份适应性考试英语精校Word版含答案Word下载.docx

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听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

第二部分：

阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分35分）

（共10小题；

每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Admititornot,weallbelieveincertainstereotypes.Forexample,whenweimagineaGermanperson,usuallyablondemaninlederhosen（皮短裤）comestomind,withabeerinonehandandaplateofsausagesintheother.

Stereotypesoftendefinethewayweseeoneanother.Regardlessofyourrace,sexornationality,there’sastereotypethatcanbeusedtoidentifyyou.Sometimesthosestereotypescanbeaccurate,butinmanycases,stereotypesdon’treflectreality.

It’snotthatstereotypesareallbad–theyoftenshowwhat’suniqueaboutacertainculture.

There’snothingwrongwith,say,thinkingofartistsandgondolas（刚朵拉）whenyouthinkofitaly.Andit’shardtoimagineArgentinawithouttangodancingorCanadawithoutwoodcutters.Butproblemscomewhenthosestereotypesloweryourexpectationsandaffectthewayyoutreatotherpeople.

Let’slookatIrishstereotypes,forexample.Inthe19thcentury,Irelandsufferedafamine,andIrishpeopleleftforothercountriesaroundtheworld.ButwhentheyarrivedincountriesliketheUS,theywerestereotypedasdrunkards（酒鬼）andpot-lickers（大胃王）,sincetheyweresaidtoeateverytinginsight.Thisledtoaviolentanti-Irishattitude.

Eventhestereotypesthatseeminnocentmayhavedeeproots.TakethestereotypicalFrenchman:

He’sromantic,maybealittlegirly,anddefinitelymoreofaloverthanafighter.Thatmyth,inpart,comesfromcenturies-oldcompetitionbetweenFranceandBritain.ThetwocountrieshadbeenwarringsinceMiddleAges.TheBritishsaidtheFrenchwerefeminine（阴柔的）,whilesayingthattheythemselveshada“stiff（僵硬的）upperlip”.

Later,whenGermanyinvadedFranceduringWorldWarII,theFrenchwerecalledcowards（懦夫）forsurrendering（投降）.TheUK,meanwhile,“keptcalmandcarriedon”.Thosestereotypeshavecarriedontothisday.

Stereotypesmaybeapartofhowweallthink,butit’simportantnottoletthemstopusfromunderstandingthecomplicatedworldaroundus.

21.It’seasyforpeopletoassociateCanadawith________accordingtothearticle.

A.lederhosenandsausagesB.artistandgondolas

C.tangodancingD.woodcutters

22.WiththeexampleofIrishstereotypes,theauthorintendstoshow________.

A.howsillysomestereotypesare

B.thatstereotypesareusuallynegative

C.howstereotypesaffectourattitudestowardotherpeople

D.thatstereotypesareusuallylinkedwithacertainculture

23.WhatarethestereotypesofFranceofBritainaccordingtothearticle?

A.Britishpeoplelackasenseofhumor.

B.Frenchpeoplehaveadrinkingproblem.

C.Frenchpeopledon’thavemuchcourage.

D.BritishandFrenchpeopleusedtobeenemies.

24.Whatistheauthor’s’attitudetowardstereotypesaccordingtothearticle?

A.Weshouldn’tcompletelybelievestereotypes.

B.Itisdifficulttodecidewhichstereotypesaretrue.

C.Stereotypespreventusfromunderstandingtheworld.

D.Stereotypesusuallyhavedeeprootsandcanbereliedon.

B

It’ssaidthatyoushouldbetheonetotakeactionfirstifyouwanttogetsomewhere.Ifyoujustletotherpeopledecidewhatisgoingtohappenforyou,thenallyourgoalsanddreamsmayneverbeachieved.

Everyonealwayssaysthatstudyingabroadincollegecanchangeyourlife.Imadethedecisiontoexperienceitformyselfduringmyjunioryear.IchosentostudyintheDominicanRepublic.Asitgotclosertothedeadline,anadvisortoldmeIhadreceivedascholarshipfromanalumni（校友）familyfoundation（基金）.

DuringmyfirstsemesterinthecountryIfellinlove.Iwasbecomingbilingual（双语的）butalsolearningsomuchaboutanewculture.Ihadbegunworkingwithalocalgrassroots（草根）organization,takingpartinaprojectsupportinganunderdevelopedcommunityjustoutsidethecity.Mymainrolewastobecomeawareoftheissuesfacingpopulationssuchastheseandsupportcommunityeducation.Iwasinnowayreadytoleavethisnewlife.IfeltasifIneededmoretimetogetwhatIwanted.

Asthenextsemesterbegan,IrealizedagainthatIneededtotakeachance.Igotinvolvedwithalocalboardingschoolforgirlslivinginpoverty.Ifirstapproachedtheheadoftheschooltovolunteertoteachmusicclasses,askingformoneyfrommycollegechurch.Icouldhaveneverpredictedtheresultsofthissmallaction.AnothervolunteerandIwereabletoputtogetherabenefit（义演）toshowoffwhatthestudentshadlearned.Weinvitedcommunitymembers,friendsandotherstudentsfromlocaluniversitiestosupportthegirls.Wealsosoldartworksthatthestudentsthemselveshadcreatedtoincreasethefundingoftheartsprogram.IfeltgoodwhenIleft,knowingthatIhadlaidthefoundationforgoodcauseandbetteredthelivesofyounggirls.

Therewillalwaysbepeoplethatthinktheyknowwhatisbestforyou,butyouultimatelyknowwhatyouwantinlife.MytimeintheDominicanRepublicchangedmylifebygivingmetherealizationofhowfortunateIamandthefactthatthereisalwaysachancetogiveback.Youhavetogoafteranythingandeverythingyoudesireortheremaybeamissedopportunity.MytriptoSantoDomingotaughtmetotakeadvantageofnewpossibilities.

25.InherfirstsemesterintheDominicanRepublic,theauthor________.

A.couldn’tfitinwellwiththeschoolorlifethere

B.wasunsureifsheshouldstayforanothersemester

C.startedaprojectinanunderdevelopedcommunity

D.becameabsorbedinanewcultureandanewlanguage

26.FromParagraph4,wecanlearnthat________.

A.theauthororganizedaneventtoraisemoneyallbyherself

B.theauthorsetupafoundationwiththefundingofhercollegechurch

C.theauthorwasappointedasamusicteacherinagirls’boardingschool

D.theresultsoftheauthor’svoluntaryworkwerebeyondherexpectations

27.Thearticlemainlytellsus________.

A.howtheauthorhelpedpoorgirlsinalocalboardingschool

B.thatstudyingabroadgavetheauthorlife-changingopportunities

C.thattheauthorchosetostudyabroadtofollowotherpeople’sexamples

D.howtheauthorlearnedabouttheissuesfacingpeopleintheDominicanRepublic

C

InMarch,2016,theprideofhumankindwascrushedbyacomputer.Google’sAlphaGodefeatedtheSouthKoreanGomasterLeeSedolfourgamestoone,astheworldlookedonwithshockandawe.Artificialintelligencehadsuddenlyreachedanewandunexpectedheight.

ButassmartasAlphaGois,it’snolongerthebestGo“player”intheworld.Google’sartificialintelligencegroup,DeepMind,hascreatedthenextgenerationofitsGo-playingprogram,calledAlphaGoZero.ThenewAIprogramisuniqueinthewayitlearnedtoplayGo.Insteadoflearningfromthousandsofhumanmatches,asitspredecessor（前任）did,AlphaGoZeromasteredGoinjusttwodayswithoutanyhumanknowledgeofthegameanddefeatedAlphaGobydaythree,reportedTheGuardian.ItthenwentontodefeatAlphaGo100gamestozero.

TolearnhowtoplayGo,AlphaGoZeroplayedmillionsofmatchesagainstitselfusingonlythebasecrulesofthegametorapidlycreateitsownknowledgeofit.Likethepreviousversion,itused“reinforcement（增强）learningtobecomeitsownteacher,”accordingtoDeepMind’swebsite.

“It’smorepowerfulthanpreviousapproaches,”DavidSilver,AlphaGo’sleadresearcher,toldTheGuardian,“becausebynotusinghumandata,orhumanexpertiseinanyfashion,we’veremovedtheconstraintsofhumanknowledgeanditisabletocreateknowledgeitself.”

AlphaGoZero’sapproachtoself-learningisasignificantadvancementinAIthatcouldbeappliedtohelpsolvesomeoftheworld’sbiggestproblems,accordingtoarecentresearchreportpublishedinthejournalNature.Forexample,DeepMindco-founderDemisHassabisarguesthatAlphaGoZerocouldprobablyfindcuresforanumberofseriousdiseaseswithinweeks,accordingtoTheTelegraph.Indeed,theAIisnowbeingusedtostudyproteinfolding,whichisconnectedtodiseasessuchasParkinson’sandAlzheimer’s.

SonowthatAIhasgonebeyondtheboundsofhumanknowledge,perhapsthequestionisnotaboutwhatAIcanlearnfromhumans,butwhathumanscanlearnfromAI.Wecanonlywaitandsee.

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraph?

A.AlphaGodefeatedLeeSedolfivegamestozero.

B.AlphaGoZerodefeatedAlphaGowithinoneday.

C.AlphaGoZerohasbecomethenewbestGoplayer.

D.AlphaGoZeroisthefirstprogramtodefeatahumanatGo.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“constraints”inthefourthparagraphprobablymean?

A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.restrictionsD.regulations

30.What’sthepossibleapplicationofAIinthefutureaccordingtothearticle?

A.Treatingdiseases.B.MakingnewGorules.

C.Solvingmathproblems.D.Creatingnewproteins.

第二节：

每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whenyougotothecinemaandseeafilm,youprobablymightnotthinkaboutscience.Ofcourse,there’salotofsciencebehindmovieslikeInterstellar（星际穿越）orTheMartianbutnotmovieslikeFrozenorTheAvengers,right?

31

Animated（动画的）moviesusealotofscienceandmathtomakethingslookasrealaspossible.Forexample,snowwasusedinmanypartsofthemovieFrozen,butmakingthesnowlookrealwasachallenge.Thesnowneededtoactdifferentlyindifferentsituations,asifitweremeltingorblowinginthewind.

32JoshuaTheran,amathematicianattheUniversityofCalifornia,US,facedth