形态整合实验课复习要点Word格式.docx

形态整合实验课复习要点Word格式.docx

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dʒʌɡjulə]foramen

24.枕骨大孔foramenmagnum['

ɡnəm]

25.乙状窦沟sulcus['

sʌlkəs]forsigmoid['

sigmɔid]sinus['

sainəs]

26.前囟anteriorfontanelle[,fɔntə'

nel]

27.咬肌masseter[mæ

'

si:

tə]

28.颞肌temporalis

29.翼内肌medialpterygoid['

pterəɡɔid]

30.翼外肌lateralpterygoid

31.眼轮匝肌orbicularis[ɔ:

bikju'

lεərisoculi['

ɔkjulai]

32.口轮匝肌orbicularisoris

33.颊肌buccinator['

bʌksineitə]

34.三叉神经trigeminal[trai'

dʒeminəl]nerve

35.舌下神经hypoglossal[,haipə'

ɡlɔsəl]nerve

36.面神经facialnerve

37.副神经accessory[ək'

sesəri]nerve

38.腭垂uvula['

ju:

vjulə]

39.腭舌弓palatoglossal['

ɡlɔsəl]arch

40.腭咽弓palatopharyngeal[,fæ

rin'

dʒi:

əl]arch

41.腭扁桃体palatine['

pæ

lətain]tonsil['

tɔnsil]

42.颏舌肌genioglossus

43.腮腺parotid[pə'

rɔtid]gland

44.舌下腺sublingual[sʌb'

liŋɡwəl]gland

45.下颌下腺submandibular[,sʌbmæ

n'

dibjulə]gland

46.腮腺管parotidduct

47.腮腺管乳头papilla[pə'

pilə]ofparotidduct

48.舌下阜sublingualcaruncle['

kæ

rəŋkl]

49.舌下襞sublingualfold

50.咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal[,fæ

əl]openingofauditory['

ɔ:

ditəri]tube

51.咽鼓管圆枕tubaltorus['

tɔ:

rəs]

52.咽隐窝pharyngealrecess[ri'

ses]

53.梨状隐窝piriform['

pirə,fɔ:

m]recess

54.上颌窦maxillary['

ksiləri]sinus['

55.额窦frontalsinus

56.蝶窦sphenoidalsinus

57.筛窦ethmoidalsinus

58.上鼻道superiornasalmeatus[mi'

eitəs]

59.中鼻道middlenasalmeatus

60.下鼻道inferiornasalmeatus

61.上鼻甲superiornasalconcha['

kɔŋkə]

62.中鼻甲middlenasalconcha

63.下鼻甲inferiornasalconcha

64.角膜cornea['

kɔ:

niə]

65.晶状体lens[lenz]

66.睫状体ciliary['

siliəri]body

67.玻璃体vitreous['

vitriəs]body

68.虹膜iris['

aiəris]

69.脉络膜choroid['

rɔid]

70.巩膜sclera['

skliərə]

71.视网膜retina['

retinə]

72.视神经盘optic['

ɔptik]disc

73.中央凹fovea['

fəuviə]centralis

74.黄斑macula['

kjulə]lutea

75.鼻泪管naso（lacrimal）['

læ

kriməl]泪的duct

76.鼓膜tympanic[tim'

nik]membrane

77.前庭窗fenestra[fi'

nestrə]vestibuli（ovalwindow）

78.蜗窗fenestracochlea（roundwindow）

79.半规管semicircularcanal

80.耳蜗cochlea['

kɔkliə]

81.前庭vestibule['

vestibju:

l]

82.锤骨malleus['

liəs]

83.砧骨incus['

iŋkəs]

84.镫骨stapes['

steipi:

z]

85.泪腺lacrimal['

kriməl]gland

二、颈部

1.胸锁乳突肌（sterno）['

stə:

nəu]（cleido）mastoid

2.前斜角肌scalenus[skə'

li:

nəs]anterior

3.中斜角肌scalenusmedius

4.甲状软骨thyroid['

θairɔid]cartilage

5.环状软骨cricoid['

kraikɔid]cartilage

6.会厌软骨epiglottic[,epi'

ɡlɔtik]cartilage

7.杓状软骨arytenoid[,æ

ri'

ti:

nɔid]cartilage

8.舌骨hyoid['

haiɔid]bone

9.甲状腺thyroidgland

10.颈总动脉commoncarotid[kə'

rɔtid]artery

11.颈内动脉internalcarotidartery

12.颈外动脉externalcarotidartery

13.环甲正中韧带mediancricothyroid[,kraikəu'

θairɔid]ligament['

liɡəmənt]

三、背部

1.椎体vertebral['

və:

tibrəl]body

2.椎孔vertebralforamen

3.横突孔transverseforamen

4.横突transverseprocess

5.棘突spinous['

spainəs]process

6.上关节突superiorarticularprocess

7.齿突dens[denz]

8.岬promontory['

prɔməntəri]

9.骶后孔posteriorsacral['

seikrəl]foramen（pl.foramina）

10.骶前孔anteriorsacralforamen（pl.foramina）

11.骶管sacralcanal

12.骶管裂孔sacralhiatus[hai'

13.椎间盘intervertebraldisc

14.纤维环anulus['

æ

njuləs]fibrosus

15.髓核nucleuspulposus

16.前纵韧带anteriorlongitudinal[,lɔndʒi'

tju:

dinəl]ligament

17.后纵韧带posteriorlongitudinalligament

18.棘间韧带interspinalligament

19.棘上韧带supraspinalligament

20.黄韧带ligamentaflava['

fleivə]

21.椎间孔intervertebralforamen

22.斜方肌trapezius[trə'

pi:

ziəs]

23.背阔肌latissimusdorsi

24.竖脊肌erector[i'

rektə]spinae['

spaini:

]

四、胸部

1.胸骨柄manubrium[,mə'

nju:

briəm]sterni

2.胸骨角sternal['

nəl]angle

3.胸骨体bodyofsternum['

nəm]

4.剑突xiphoid['

zifɔid]process

5.肋弓costal['

kɔstəl]arch

6.胸大肌pectoralismajor

7.胸小肌pectoralisminor

8.前锯肌serratusanterior

9.主动脉裂孔aortic[ei'

tik]hiatus

10.食管裂孔esophageal[,i:

sə'

fæ

dʒiəli:

]hiatus

11.腔静脉孔venacavalforamen

12.左主支气管leftprincipalbronchus['

brɔŋkəs]

13.右主支气管rightprincipalbronchus

14.气管软骨tracheal[trə'

ki:

əl]cartilage

15.气管隆嵴carinaoftrachea

16.右心耳rightauricle['

rikl]

17.左心耳leftauricle

18.界嵴crista['

kristə]terminalis

19.卵圆窝fossa['

fɔsə]ovalis

20.冠状窦口orifice['

ɔrifis]ofcoronary['

rənəri]sinus

21.隔缘肉柱septomarginaltrabecula[trə'

bekjulə]

22.房室束atrioventricularbundle

23.左束支leftbundlebranch

24.右束支rightbundlebranch

25.Purkinje纤维网Purkinjenetwork

26.右冠状动脉rightcoronaryartery

27.左冠状动脉leftcoronaryartery

28.前室间支anteriorinterventricular[,intəven'

trikjulə]branch

29.旋支circumflex['

sə:

kəmfleks]branch

30.冠状窦coronarysinus

31.头臂干brachio（cephalic[si'

lik]头的）trunk

32.左颈总动脉leftcommoncarotidartery

33.左锁骨下动脉leftsubclavian[,sʌb'

kleiviən]artery

34.胸主动脉thoracic[θɔ:

sik]aorta[ei'

35.上腔静脉superiorvenacava

36.奇静脉azygos['

ziɡəs]vein

37.胸导管thoracic[θɔ:

sik]duct

38.交感干sympathetic[,simpə'

θetik]trunk

39.膈神经phrenic['

frenik]nerve

40.迷走神经vagus['

veiɡəs]nerve

41.胸腺thymus['

θaiməs]

42.食管esophagus[i:

sɔfəɡəs]

五、盆部

1.髂前上棘anteriorsuperioriliacspine

2.髂后上棘posteriorsuperioriliacspine

3.坐骨结节ischialtuberosity

4.坐骨棘ischialspine

5.髋臼acetabulum

6.髋臼窝acetabularfossa

7.月状面lunatesurface

8.骶棘韧带sacrospinousligament

9.骶结节韧带sacrotuberousligament

10.耻骨联合pubicsymphysis

11.髂外动脉externaliliacartery

12.髂内动脉internaliliacartery

13.直肠横襞transversefoldsofrectum

14.肛柱analcolumn

15.肛窦analsinus

16.齿状线dentateline

17.尾骨coccyx

18.膀胱urinarybladder

19.输尿管口uretericorifice

20.输尿管间襞interuretericfold

21.尿道内口internalorificeofurethra

22.膀胱三角trigoneofbladder

23.睾丸testis

24.附睾epididymis

25.输精管ductusdeferens

26.前列腺prostate

27.精囊seminalvesicle

28.卵巢ovary

29.子宫uterus

30.输卵管uterinetube

31.卵巢固有韧带properligamentofovary

32.子宫圆韧带roundligamentofuterus

33.子宫阔韧带broadligamentofuterus

六、上肢

1.喙突coracoidprocess

2.关节盂glenoidcavity

3.肩峰acromion

4.肩胛冈spineofscapula

5.大结节greatertubercle

6.小结节lessertubercle

7.结节间沟intertubercularsulcus（groove）

8.桡神经沟sulcusforradialnerve

9.尺神经沟sulcusforulnarnerve

10.鹰嘴窝olecranonfossa

11.冠突窝coronoidfossa

12.肱骨小头capitulumofhumerus

13.肱骨滑车trochleaofhumerus

14.内上髁medialepicondyle

15.外上髁lateralepicondyle

16.鹰嘴olecranon

17.滑车切迹trochlearnotch

18.冠突coronoidprocess

19.桡骨茎突styloidprocessofradius

20.尺侧副韧带ulnarcollateralligament

21.桡侧副韧带radialcollateralligament

22.桡骨环状韧带annularligamentofradius

23.三角肌deltoid

24.小圆肌teresminor

25.大圆肌teresmajor

26.肩胛下肌subscapularis

27.肱二头肌bicepsbrachii

28.肱三头肌tricepsbrachii

29.肱动脉brachialartery

30.桡动脉radialartery

31.尺动脉ulnarartery

32.掌深弓deeppalmararch

33.掌浅弓superficialpalmararch

34.头静脉cephalicvein

35.贵要静脉basilicvein

36.肘正中静脉mediancubitalvein

37.正中神经mediannerve

38.尺神经ulnarnerve

39.桡神经radialnerve

40.臂丛brachialplexus

41.肌皮神经musculocutaneousnerve

42.腋神经axillarynerve

七、下肢

1.股骨头femoralhead

2.股骨颈neckoffemur

3.大转子greatertrochanter

4.小转子lessertrochanter

5.转子间线intertrochantericline

6.转子间嵴intertrochantericcrest

7.内侧髁medialcondyle

8.外侧髁lateralcondyle

9.髁间隆起intercondylareminence

10.胫骨粗隆tibialtuberosity

11.内踝medialmalleolus

12.外踝lateralmalleolus

13.跟骨calcaneus

14.足舟骨navicularbone

15.距骨talus

16.骰骨cuboidbone

17.内侧楔骨medialcuneiformbone

18.中间楔骨intermediuscuneiformbone

19.外侧楔骨lateralcuneiformbone

20.翼状襞alarfolds

21.外侧半月板lateralmeniscus

22.内侧半月板medialmeniscus

23.髌韧带patellarligament

24.胫侧副韧带tibialcollateralligament

25.腓侧副韧带fibularcollateralligament

26.前交叉韧带anteriorcruciateligament

27.后交叉韧带posteriorcruciateligament

28.髂肌iliacus

29.臀大肌gluteusmaximus

30.梨状肌piriformis

31.缝匠肌sartorius

32.股直肌rectusfemoris

33.长收肌adductorlongus

34.股二头肌bicepsfemoris

35.半腱肌semitendinosus

36.半膜肌semimembranosus

37.腓肠肌gastrocnemius

38.比目鱼肌soleus

39.跟腱tendocalcaneus

40.股动脉femoralartery

41.大隐静脉greatsaphenousvein

42.小隐静脉smallsaphenousvein

43.股神经femoralnerve

44.坐骨神经sciaticnerve

45.胫神经tibialnerve

46.腓总神经commonperonealnerve

八、腹部

1.腹外斜肌obliquusexternusabdominis

2.腹内斜肌obliquusinternusabdominis

3.腹横肌transversusabdominis

4.腹直肌rectusabdominis

5.白线lineaalba

6.腹股沟韧带inguinalligament

7.腱划tendinousintersection

8.十二指肠上部superiorpartofduodenum

9.十二指肠降部descendingpartofduodenum

10.十二指肠水平部horizontalpartofduodenum

11.十二指肠升部ascendingpartofduodenum

12.十二指大乳头majorduodenalpapilla

13.结肠带colicbands

14.肠脂垂epiploicappendices

15.结肠袋haustraofcolon

16.阑尾vermiformappendix

17.镰状韧带falciformligament

18.肝圆韧带ligamentumtereshepatis

19.胆总管commonbileduct

20.肝总管commonhepaticduct

21.胆囊管cysticduct

22.胰管pancreaticduct

23.肾锥体renalpyramid

24.肾乳头renalpapilla

25.肾大盏majorrenalcalyx

26.肾盂renalpelvis

27.输尿管ureter

28.肾柱renalcolumn

29.肾小盏minorrenalcalyx

30.肾动脉renalartery

31.腹腔干celiactrunk

32.胃左动脉leftgastricartery

33.胃右动脉rightgastricartery

34.脾动脉splenicartery

35.肝固有动脉properhepaticartery

36.胃网膜右动脉rightgastroepiploicartery

37.胃网膜左动脉leftgastroepiploicartery

38.肠系膜上动脉superiormesentericartery

39.肠系膜下动脉inferiormesentericartery

40.肝门静脉hepaticportalvein

41.肾上腺suprarenalgland

42.大网膜greateromentum

43.小网膜lesseromentum

44.网膜孔omentalforamen

（2009年10月6日修订）