日照市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题附答案 3Word下载.docx
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SightexpertProfessorDanielO'
Leary,ofAngliaRuskinUniversityinCambridge,said"
Atthemomentwedon'
tknowtheprecisecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight,buttheevidenceseemstoprovethatitisoneofthereasonsforpeoplebecomingshortsighted."
(1)Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobeshortsighted____________.
A.
becausethesummersunistoostrongforbabies
B.
becausebabiesborninsummerhavelengthenedeyeballs
C.
iftheyareexposedtoomuchsunlightinthefirstweeksaftertheyarebornD
ifparentsdon'
tknowaproperwaytoprotecttheirbabies'
eyes
(2)Melatoninisakindofmaterialto___________.
preventtheeyesfrombecomingnear-sighted
protecttheskinfromharmfulsunrays
makeourbodystrong
D.
protectbabies'
eyesfromsummersun
(3)FromwhatProfessorDanielO'
Learysayswecanconcludethat___________.
thereisnoevidencethatshortsightednessisrelatedtoexposuretosunlight
whetherlightexposureaffectssightstillneedstobefurtherproved
hebelievesthatlightexposurecancauseshortsightedness
hetriestogivethecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight
(4)Theunderlinedword"
vulnerable"
inthepassageprobablymeans__________.
easytobeharmed
resistant
protective
changeable
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼,眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段和第二段可知,眼科专家称:
在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼,因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第三段中的“Themechanismwhichlengthenstheeyeballisassociatedwithlevelsofmelatonin(褪黑激素),apigment(色素)whichprotectstheskinagainstharmfulraysofthesun.“可知,褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段可知,剑桥大学的
视学专家DanielO'
Leary教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。
故选C。
(4)考查词义猜测。
在婴幼儿时期,没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护,婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤,并且改变眼球的形状。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
DemandfortheChinesetechcompany'
sdevices(设备)isredhoteventhoughthecountry'
soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingsmallerHuawei'
sChinasalesrocketedmorethan20%inthefinalquarterof2018,andexpertssaythat'
spartlyduetotheUSgovernment'
sglobalcampaignagainstthecompany.
“ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers,saidJusyHong,ananalystatresearchfirmIHSMarkit.
HepointedoutthatsomeChinesecompaniesencouragedemployeestobuyHuaweiphoneslatelastyear.Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'
schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.
Huawei'
sboomingsalesshowhowmajorpartsofitsbusinesscontinuetoincreaseevenastheUnitedStatestriestopersuadeothercountriestoshutHuaweiproductsoutof5Gwirelessnetworksandpursues(追究)criminalchargesagainstit.ThecompanyexpectstoovertakeSamsungastheworld'
sbiggestsmartphonemakerbynextyear.
Huaweisold30millionphonesinChinainthelastthreemonthsof2018,nearlythreetimesasmanyasApple(AAPL),accordingtodatapublishedthisweekbyresearchfirmsCanalysandIDC.Apple'
ssalesplungedalmost20%.
ssuccessinChina,theworld'
slargestsmartphonemarket,ismorethanaboutgeopolitics(地缘政治).Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-end-phonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.Andbyofferingaselectionofcheaperphones,Huaweiisabletotargetabiggermarket.
ItalsobenefitedfromthetroublesthisyearatZTE(ZTCOF),arivalChinesesmartphoneandtelecommunicationsequipmentmaker.ZTEwasbannedbytheUSgovernmentfrombuyingvitalAmericanpartsformonthslastyear.
(1)WhydidHuawei'
sChinasalesincreasegreatlyaccordingtothearticle?
Becausethecompany'
sdevicesarealwayspopularworldwide.
BecauseChineseconsumers'
patriotismwasaroused.
BecausethegovernmentencouragespeopletobuyHuaweidevices.
Becausethecountry'
soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingbigger.
(2)Whatcanweconcludefromthethirdparagraph?
schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadaduetotheUS'
srequest.
AllChinesecompaniesshowedtheirsupporttoHuaweiwiththeirpurchase.
JusyHongthoughttheUnitedStatesarrestedHuawei'
schieffinancialofficer.
JusyHongthoughtthearrestofHuawei'
schieffinancialofficerisunfair.
(3)Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinthefifthparagraph?
increasedgreatlyby.
reducedgreatlyto.
droppedgreatlyby.
remainedsteady.
(4)WhyisHuawei'
ssuccessinChinamorethanaboutgeopolitics?
BecauseHuaweihasthelargestsmartphonemarketintheworld.
BecauseHuawei'
ssuccessisonlylimitedwithinChinamainland.
BecauseHuaweihastheabilitytotargetabiggermarketintheworld.
BecauseChineseconsumersarequitesatisfiedwithHuaweismartphones.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。
根据第二段中的"
ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers,"
可知中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起,华为在中国的销售量大增。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'
schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.”可知华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。
故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据上文可知华为手机销量大增而苹果手机销量大跌,故推测此处“plunged”意为销量下降。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的“Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-endphonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.”可知中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
AgreatnumberofspeciesmaketheirhomeinthevastwatersoftheAtlanticOcean.Althoughtheentireoceanmakesupanecosystem,manysmallerhabitatsarefoundwithin,includinganopen-waterhabitatoffthecoastoftheNorthernAtlanticOceanknownastheSargassoSea.Sargassumisanalga(海藻)thatfloatsinmassesthatcancontinueformiles.ThewatersoftheGulfStreampushthewaterinanorthwardmoveintothisarea.Thisconstantmoveandvaryingtemperaturesupporttheaccumulationofthebrown-coloredseaweed.
TheSargassoSeaissoenormousthatonemethodofinformationcollectionhasnotbeenenoughforscientiststoobtainanaccuratepictureofwhattakesplacewithinthisecosystem.Researchershaveneededtoemployseveralmethodsofsampling.Methodssuchasdraggingnetsoverthesurfaceofthewaterandvideotapingbeneathareasofsargassumhaveservedscientistswell.InformationcollectedhasshownthattheGulfStreampushesbrownalgaefromopenwaterintotheSargassoSeaarea,creatingadiversefloatinghabitatinanareathatwouldotherwisenotsupportthatwildlife.
InthemostrecentstudyofthesargassumcommunityofftheshoresofNorthCarolina,eighty-onefishspeciesweredocumentedasusingtheareaasamicrohabitat.Thisisanincreasefrompreviousstudies.Thetypesoffishfoundherearebothcommerciallyandenvironmentallyimportant.TheSouthAtlanticFisheryManagementCouncilisworkingtoregulatetheharvestingofsargassum.TheCouncilhopestohavetheareaclassifiedasanEssentialFishHabitat.Whichwouldafforditcertainprotections.
FurtherresearchneedstobedonebeforescientistsunderstandhowtobestprotecttheSargassoSeaaswellasunderstandhowitgoesaboutsupportingsomanyimportanttypesofwildlife.
(1)Theauthoruses"
enormous"
inparagraph2tostressthat
.
theAtlanticOceanisreallyamazingintermsofitssizeandarea
whattheresearchersdoishighlyrespectedbyscientificcommunity
theresearchworkiscomplexbecausealargeareamustbecovered
alargeamountofmoneyfortheSargassoSearesearchisneeded
(2)Itcanbeinferredfromthephrase"
neededtobedone"
inparagraph4thattheauthorthinks
A.theSargassoecosystemisworthourattentionandneedsmorestudy
B.thescientificcommunityhasignoredthiscomplexecos