英语专业八级人文知识改错3140Word下载.docx

英语专业八级人文知识改错3140Word下载.docx

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turnintoancontrollableanti-competitiveforce?

（3）

There'

snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmore

powerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedlessthan20%ofin-（4）

ternationaltradein1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%and

growingrapidly.Internationalaffiliationsareafast-growingseg-（5）

mentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandwelcomeforeign

investment.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsoverthe

roleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandover

thefinalstabilityoftheworldeconomy.（6）

Ibelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassive

M&

A.wavearethesameasthatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:

（7）

fallentransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandin-（8）

vestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedopera-

tionscapableofmeetingcustomers'

demands.Allthesearebenefi-

cial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,the

world'

swealthincreases.

Examplesofbenefitsorcostsofthecurrentconcentrationwave

arescanty.Anditishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoil（9）

firmstodaycouldre-createthesamethreatstocompetitionthatwas（10）

fearednearlyacenturyagointheU.S.Themergeroftelecom

companies,suchasWorldCom,hardlyseemtobringhigherprices

forconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.On

thecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.

（13）

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectionbetweenjour-

nalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpexplainwhythe"

standard

（1）

templates"

ofthenewsroomseemalienformanyreaders.Inare-

（2）

centsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-

sizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolisalareas.（3）

Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomand

askedthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalists

aremorelikelytoliveinupclassneighborhoods,havemaids,own（4）

Mercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey'

relesslikelytogotothe（5）

church,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunitity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculture-

alelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthis

elites.

Theastonishingdistructofthenewsmediaisn'

trootedin

accuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedaily（6）

crashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.（7）

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlya

decliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemploy-

eeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsors

lotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderwhy（8）

customersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitnever

seemstogetaroundtonoticetheculturalandclassbiasesthatso（9）

manyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdoes,itwouldopen（10）

upitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,

andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,educa-

tion,andclass.

（14）

Exerciseisoneofthefewfactorswithapositiveroleinlong-

termmaintenanceofbodyweight.Unfortunately,thatmessagehas

notgottenthroughtotheaverageAmerican,thatwouldrathertry

（1）

switchingto"

light"

beerandlow-caloriebreadthanincreasephysic-

calexertion.TheCentersforDiseaseControl,forexample,found

thatfewerthanone-fourthofoverweightadultsweretryingtoshed

（2）

poundssaidtheywerecombiningexercisewiththeirdiet.

Inrejectingexercise,somepeoplemaybediscouragedtoo

muchbycalorie-expendingcharts;

forexample,onewouldhaveto（3）

brisklywalkthreemilesjusttoworkthe275caloriesinonedeli-（4）

ciousDanishpastry.Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapoint

here."

Exerciseinitselfisaverytoughwaytoloseweight,"

says（5）

YorkOnnen,theprogramdirectorofthePresident'

sCouncilon（6）

PhysicalFitnessandSports.

Therefore,exercise'

ssupportingroleinweightreductionis（7）

vital.AstudyattheBostonUniversityMedicalCenterofoverweight

policeofficersandotherpublicemployeesconfirmedthatthosewho

dietwithoutexerciseregainedalmostalltheiroldweight,while（8）

thosewhoworkedexerciseintotheirdailyroutinemaintainedtheir

newweight.

Ifyoudecidetostartwalkingonemileaday,theaddedexercise

couldburnanextra100caloriesdaily.Inayear'

stime,assumednoin-（9）

creaseinfoodtakein,youcouldlosetenpounds.Byincreasingthe（10）

distanceofyourwalksgraduallyandmakingotherdietary'

adjust-

ments,youmayloseevenmoreweight.

（15）

Manyofthehomeelectricgoodswhichareadvertisedaslibera-

tingthemodernwomentendtohavetheoppositeeffects,sotheysimple

（1）

changethenatureofworkinsteadofeliminatingit.Machineshavea

certainnoveltyvalue,astoysforadults.Itiscertainlylesstiredto

（2）

putclothesinawashingmachine,butthetimesaveddoesnotreally（3）

amounttoomuch:

themachinehastobewatched,theclotheshave（4）

tobecarefullysortedout,stainsremovedbyhand,waterchanged,

clothestakenout,airedandironed.Itwouldbemoreliberaltopack

itallofftoalaundryandnotnecessarilymoreexpensive,sinceno（5）

capitalinvestmentisrequired.

Nevertheless,ifyoureallywanttosavetimeyoudonotmake（6）

cakeswithanelectricmixer,youbuyoneinashop.Ifonecompares

theimageofthewomaninthewomen'

smagazinetothegoodsad-（7）

vertisedbythoseperiodicals,onerealizeshowusefulaprojected

imagecanbecommercially.

Acarefulbalancehastobestruck:

ifyoushowalabor-saving

device,followitupwithacomplexrecipeonthenextpage?

On（8）

anyaccounthintatthenotionthatawomancouldgetherselfajob,（9）

butinsteadfosterhersenseofherownusefulness,emphasizethe（10）

creativeaspectofherfunctionasahousewife.

（16）

Itseemsthateverycountry,race,andreligionobservesome

typeofholidayorfestival.Thetwomostcelebratingholidaysinthe

（1）

NorthandSouthAmerica,AustraliaandEurope,andinthemostof

（2）

ChristianworldareChristmasandEaster.

ChristianscelebratethebirthofChristonChristmas.Theex-（3）

changeofgiftsrisesfromthebirthdaytradition.Thewinterholiday（4）

seasonistimeforbrightcoloredlightstoappearinand（5）

outthehome,onChristmastrees,andonbuildingsandstorefronts.（6）

AtEaster,Christianscelebratethedeath,burial,andresurrect-

tionofChrist.Thisisalsoatimeforcelebrationwithfamily.

Anon-religiouscelebrationinNorthAmericaisThanksgiving.

Similarly,NationalDayandLaborDayHolidaysareamongthe

non-religiousholidaysinChina.Acommontraditionistheobserv-

anceoftheNewYearascelebratedaroundtheworldonJanuary

1st.Therefore,variousreligiousgroupscelebratetheNewYear（7）

onthespringorfall.Onecommonthreadthat（8）

goesthroughalltheseholidaysisthecelebrationoftheoccasion（9）

withfamily,food,newclothing,lights,andfestivity.Theyareset

apartasspecialtimestobecelebratedhappilywithfamilyand

friends.Religiousornotreligious,eachfestivalorholidayhasits

ownlegendororiginbehind.（10）

（17）

TheBigBenisveryfamousthroughouttheworld,butnobody

reallyknowsthereasonwhyitiscalledBigBen.However,there

aretwostoriesmayexplainthereason.Somepeoplesaythatitwas

（1）

namedBenjaminCaunt,aboxer,whowascalledBigBen.

（2）

MorepeoplebelievethenamecomesfromaWelshman,Sir（3）

BenjaminHall.Hecommissionedtheworkin1859.astoryarose

that,duringadebateinHouseofCommonsonwhattocallthebell,（4）

SirBenjaminwasabouttogivehisideasthatsomeonewhosatbe-（5）

hindthefrontbenchshouted,"

Let'

scallitBigBen!

Thehistoryofthebelltower,sincethebeginningofitsdesign,

isbynomeanssmooth,however.Duetodisagreementsabout

theclock'

sdesign,ittakesfifteenyearstobuild.In1857,the（6）

structurewascompletedandtestedontheground,butafour-foot

crackappeared,andthebellhadtocastagain.Finally,theclock（7）

startedtickingonMay31,1859,andstrokeitsfirstchimeonJuly（8）

11.Then,inSeptember,thebellcrackedagain.Itwassilentfor

fouryearsbutwaseventuallyturnedaquarterofarevolution.Asa

result,thecrackwasnotunderthestrikinghammer.Craftsmen

madeasquareabovethecracktostopittocrackingfurtherandit（9）

canstillbeseentoday.

TheBigBenisfamousnotonlyforitsthirteen-tonweight,but

alsoforitsaccuracy,thatisaresultofitsprecisemechanism.（10）

Evenoneextrapenny'

sweightonthebalancewouldcausea

gainoftwofifthsofasecondintwentyhours.Althoughtherehave

beenseveralproblems,thebellstillchimestoday.

（18）

Before1973,abortionw