新编大学英语教案Unit 2 CommunicationWord格式.docx
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Itiswell-knownthatlearningasecondlanguageisnevereasy,and,generallyspeaking,theolderoneiswhenoneattemptsanewlanguage,themoredifficultitbecomes.Thisisatleastpartlyduetowhatisknownaslanguageinterference,meaningthatthelinguisticpatternsofourfirstlanguageinterferewiththoseofthesecondbecausenotwolanguageshaveexactlythesamesoundsandgrammaticalstructures.TheEnglishlanguagehasaverylargevocabularybecauseithasincorporatedwordsfrommanyotherlanguagesoverthecenturies.Thisisnowheremoreapparentthaninitscolorwords.Forexample,therearemanywordsthatexpressthecolor“purple”,describingitsdifferentshadesandhues:
mauve,violet,lilac,orlavender.AninterestinglinguisticgenderdifferenceamongnativespeakersofEnglishisthelikelihoodofwomenusingthesecolortermstodifferentiatebetweenshadesofpurple,whereas,menwillbesatisfiedwiththeoneword“purple”.Thisistrueofothercolorwordstoo.
Basingonwhatmentionedabove,whenlearningalanguage,wesometimesneedtopayattentiontowhichsexuseswhichwords,particularlywhenwereachanadvancedstagewhereweareaddingmanynewwordstoourvocabularyandwanttousethemaccurately.Wealsoneedtopayattentiontosomeofthemultiplemeaningsthatwordshave,aswellastotheirconnotations.
SuggestedClassActivities
1.Warming-upactivity:
Howtocommunicateefficiently
Purpose:
Informthestudentstheefficientwaytocommunicatewitheachother
Step1Discussingroupsaboutthecommonwaysweusuallyuseinourdailylifetocommunicateandtrytolistboththeiradvantagesanddisadvantages.
Step2Makeacomparisonbetweenthemanddecidewhichisthemostefficientwayforustocommunicatewithothers.
Step3Asksomeofthestudentstogivetheirideasinpublicandpointoutthenecessarypointstheyshouldknowindailycommunication.
Suggestedwords/expressions:
admirable/neglect/comprehend/over-crowded/distinguish----from/holdback/inadifferentlight/turnout.
2.In-classreadingactivity:
Whatcanwegetfromcommunication
Informthestudentsthegoodpointsofcommunication
Step1.Discussingroupswhyweneedtocommunicatewithothers
Step2.Trytoanalyzewhatcommunicationhasbroughttous
Step3.Thenmakesurewhatweshouldlearnfromcommunicatingwithothers
foreigner/uncommon/feellike/foreffect/onthevergeof/pullout
Furtherdevelopment:
Howtoavoidmisunderstandingsincommunication
Afterreadingthisunit,wemayknowthatinourcommunicationsmisunderstandingsarequitecommon,soworkingroupstocomeupwiththewaystoavoidmisunderstandingsandmakeitonyourexercisebook.
In-ClassReading
Wordsandphrases
1.assumebelievesomethingistruewithoutdefiniteproof
.Youassumedhisinnocence/himtobeinnocent/thathiisinnocentbeforehearingtheevidenceagainsthim.
Heisnotsuchafoolasyouassumedhimtobe.
assumingthat---:
假定----
.Assumingthatyouarerightaboutthis,whatshallwedo
2)totakeuporundertake
.Youwillassumeyournewresponsibilitiestomorrow.
assumption:
n.sth.takenforgranted;
sth.supposedbutnotproved
.Don’trelyontheinformationshegaveyou---it’spureassumptiononherpart.
ontheassumptionthat----以---为设想根据
.Let’sworkontheassumptionthatourproposalwillbeaccepted.
Exercise:
1)他并非如你所以为的那样愚蠢。
(Heisnotsuchafoolasyouassumedhimtobe.)
2)他们认为战争会迅速结束的想法是错误的。
(Theirassumptionthatthewarwouldendquicklywasprovedwrong.)
2.conflict:
1)n.a)astateofdisagreementorargumentbetweenpeople,groups,countries,etc.
.Thetwopartieshavebeeninconflictsincetheelection.
Thegovernor’srefusaltoapplythelawbroughthiminconflictwiththefederalgovernment.
b)(a)warorbattle;
struggle
.Thisisaseriousdispute,andcouldleadtoarmedconflict.
2)v.(with)tobeinopposition;
disagree
.conflictingopinions/advice/evidence
DoBritishimmigrationlawsconflictwithanyinternationallaws
beinconflict(with):
notagree(with)
英译汉;
汉译英
1)along-drawn-outconflictbetweenemployersandworkers(劳资之间拖延甚久的争执)
2)他们对于战争起因的报道与我们的相反。
(Theiraccountofthecausesofthewarconflictswithours.)
3.emphasis:
n.specialimportanceplacedonsomething
.aneweconomicpolicy,withagreateremphasisonreducinginflation
lay(place,put)emphasison(upon)
.OurEnglishcourseplaces/lays/putsgreatemphasisonconversationalskills.
emphasizev.toplaceemphasison
.Hethumbedthetablewithhishandtoemphasizewhathewassaying.
emphaticadj.doneorexpressedwithemphasis;
forceful
Exercise:
1)有些学校特别重视语言的学习。
(Someschoolslayspecialemphasisonlanguagestudy.)
2Heemphasizedtheimportanceofcarefuldriving.
(他强调小心驾驶的重要。
)
4.encounter1)v.a)experiencesth.,esp.problemsoropposition
.Themoredangersweencounter,theharderweshouldpushforward.
b)meet,esp.unexpectedly;
comeupon
.Yesterday,Iencounteredanoldfriendonthestreet.
IfirstencounteredhimwhenstudyingatCambridge.
2)n.ameeting,esp.onethatisunplanned,unexpected,orbrief
.Shedidn’trememberourencounterlastsummer.
AbusridefromNewYorktoMiamibringsencounterswithallkindsofpeople.
encounterwith:
suddenorunexpected(esp.hostile)meeting
.Ihadfrighteningencounterwithapoisonoussnake.
这位年轻的科学家在探险中遇到了许多困难。
(Theyoungscientistsencounteredmanydifficultiesduringtheirexploration.)
5.misinterpret:
understandorexplainwrongly
mis-:
prefix1)badorbadly
.misfortune(badluck)/misbehave(behavebadly)
2)wrongorwrongly
.misinterpret/misunderstand/mislead/misguide
3)showanoppositeorthelackofsth.
.mistrust
6.tend/intend
tendv.tohaveatendencyordispositiontodoorbesth.;
beinclined
.Themachinedoestendtooverheat.
Shetendstobenervousbeforeherlectures.
intendv.haveinmind;
plan
.Today,Iintendtofinishreadingthisbook.
Weintendthisnewsreportasteachingmaterialforfreshmen.
1)Farmers____usemoremachinerynow.(tendto;
intendto)tendto
2)Children_____likeactionmovie.(tendto;
7.reactv.1)respond(to.against)
.Thegovernmenthasreactedtotheoutbreakofviolencebysendingarmypatroltopolicethearea.
Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.
2)(causeto)undergoareaction(with,on)
.Anacidcanreactwithabasetoformasalt.
reactionn.
.actionandreaction作用与反作用
What’syourreactiontothenews
1)Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather_______tothenewswouldbe.
A.feelingsB.commentC.opinionD.reaction(D)
2)这个公司对于批评做出了反应,迅速提高了公司形象。
(Thecompanyreactedtocriticismandimproveditsimageshortly.)
Phrasesandexpressions:
1.feellike1)feelasif
.Theyareverykindtomeandthatmademefeellikeonefamily.
2)giveyouaparticularfeeling
.Thesurfacefeelslikesilk.
3)wanttohavesth.ordosth.
.We’llgooutforawalkifyoufeellikeit.
2.foreffect:
forimpressingpeopleordrawingattention
.Hesaidthatcompletelyforeffect.
ineffect:
infact;
(ofarule,law,etc.)inoperation
.Theruleisstillineffect.
1)Don’tpayanyattentiontohim---he’sonlydoingit____.(foreffect;
ineffect)(foreffect)
2)Theoldsystemoftaxationwillremain___untilnextMay.(foreffect;
ineffect)(ineffect)
3.leadto:
cause
.Thisledtogreatconfusion.
ChapterOnedescribestheeventsthatledtothewar.
汉译英:
这个丑闻使他不得不辞职。
(Thescandalledtohimresigning.)
4.onthevergeof:
verycloseto,ontheborderof,abouttodosth.
.Thecountryisonthevergeofdisaster.
汉译英:
他父母快要离婚了。
(Hisparentsareonthevergeofdivorce.)
5.pullout1)takesth.outofabag,pocket,orcupboard
.Samhadtopullouthisso-calledlostnecklaceatthelastmoment.
2)useforcetotakesth.fromwhereitisfixedorheld
.Hehadtohavehisdecayedteethpulledout.
3)driveontoaroadfromanotherroadorfromwhereonehasstopped;
(ofatrain)leaveastation
.Thedriverpulledoutfrombehindthelorry.
Whenwearrivedattherailwaystationthetrainhadpulledout.
pullin(车)进站,停站;
(船)到岸,靠岸
pullon穿、戴(袜子,手套等);
继续拉(或划)
pullthrough(使)渡过危机(危险等),帮助—通过考试等;
(使)恢复健康
1)Whenhefoundtheattacker,hetriedto_____hisswordbutfailed.
A.pulledoutB.pulledonC.pulledthroughD.pulledover(A)
2)是医生帮他恢复了健康。
Itisthedoctorwhohelpedhimpullthrough.
6.take---lightly:
treatsth.inawaythatshowsyouthinki