英语国家概况学习心得与体会Word格式文档下载.docx
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若有英汉对照本，那学起来就更方便了！
（呵呵，雨婷当时考的时候可没买到这本小册子。
）然后把以下几方面单独整理出来，常看常记，雨婷觉得考题中会常出现的。
当然这并不是雨婷在押题，而只是总结自己的考试经验而已，各位不要想偏了噢！
！
^v^1、世界之最（国家之最、城市之最）；
2、名作家作品；
3、著名城市的地理位置；
4、世界著名大学所在地及概况；
5、各国历史（年代表）；
6、历界总结；
7、各国首都。
这几天雨婷将英、美两国的“之最”（世界之最、国家之最、城市之最等等）整理了一下，会贴出来的。
至于其他方面，因为最近实在抽不出时间来，过阵子时间充足了，再好好整理整理！
快考试了，加油噢！
以下是英国之最（世界、国家、城市之最）及少部分英国作家作品等。
声明：
并非押题！
这可是雨婷花了整整一天的时间、一个字母一个字母打出来的，呵呵，雨婷还是第一次打这么多的英文呢，感觉比打汉字费时多了！
因为时间比较仓促，难免会有错误之处，望多涵噢！
下次会打出美国之最（世界、国家、城市之最）及少部分美国作家作品等。
1、EnglandisthemostimportantpartoftheKingdominwealth,size,andpopulation.
2、BenNevisisthehighestmountaininBritain.Itis1343meters.
3、TheNorthSeaisthefirsthighqualitypetroleum.
4、Britainisoneoftheworld’smostadvancedmanufacturingandtradingnations.
5、TheBritisheconomywasthefirsttohavebeenfullyindustrialized.
6、Thecottonindustry,thelargestbranch,hasundergoneaseverecontraction.
7、TheBritishagriculturalindustryisoneofthemostefficientinEurope.
8、Theearliestinvasionisthatbythedark-hairedMediterraneanracecalledtheIberians.
9、BirminghamisthesecondlargestcityinEngland.
10、LiverpoolisthesecondlargestportofEngland.
11、BeforethegreatIceAge,GreatBritainwasjoinedtothecontinentofEurope.ItwasthenthatmenfirstcametoBritain.
12、Alfredwasconsideredthefirstnationalhero.
13、NormandywasthemosthighlyorganizedstateinEuropeatthattime.
14、Therewereanumberoflords,butthemostimportantclasswastheknights.
15、TheNormanswerethefinestfightinghorsemen.
16、Attheendofthecentury,themostwell-knowncompany,theEastIndiaCompanywasformed.
17、TheEnglishRenaissance’sfinestexponentswereChristopherMalovve,BenJohnson,andWilliamShakespeare.ThegreatestdramatistoftheagewasShakespeare.
18、Theearly17thcenturywasaperiodofthemostacuteclassstrugglebetweenthebourgeoisieandthefeudalistswiththeKingastheirhead.
19、EconomicrecoverywasthemostdifficulttaskfortheCommonwealth.In1651ParliamentpassedthefirstNavigationAct.
20、ThemostnotoriouslycomiptoftheWhigstatesmeninthathalfcenturywasRobertWalpole.
21、In1761thefirstextensivecanalwasopened.In1814GeorgeStephensonconstructedthefirstsuccessfulsteamlocomotive.
22、Theeconomicboomwhichbeganin1824collapsedin1825,causingthefirstofmanyperiodiceconomiccrisesintheworld.
23、In1840underthepretextofprotectinghertrade,BritainlaunchedanaggressivewaragainstChina.ThiswastheOpiumWar.
24、Fromthemid-19thcenturyonwardanumberofBritishcolonieswereorganizedintodominiors.ThedominionofCanadawasthefirstBritishdominiontobesoorganized.
25、TheThirdReformBillof1884andtheRedistributionActof1885wasthemostimportantofreforms.
26、TheIrishquestiononeoftheoldestissuescreatedthegreatestdifficulties.
27、InforeignpolicythemostimportantachievementwastheLocarnoTreatyof1926.
28、Intheearly1950’s,Britain’sfirstatomicbombwastested,joininghertotheUSandtheUSSRasanuclearpower.
29、MargaretThatcherwasthefirstfemalePrimeMinisterinthenation’shistory.
30、In1981,theHumberBridgewascompletedat4626feettheworld’slongestSuspensionBridge.Theworld’slongesthigh-speedopiticalfiberlinkconnectedBirminghamwithLondon.
31、Thelongestministryofthecentury,ithadglorifiedtheVictorianvaluesofself-helpandnationalism.
32、JohnMajorbecamethefirstWesternleadertovisitliberatedKuwait.
33、TheEuropeanUnionistheworld’slargesttradingbloc.
34、TheworldfamousuniversitiesOxfordandCambridge,aretheoldestonesdatingfrom1167and1284.
35、DurhamUniversitycameintobeingin1832,theoldestuniversityinthisgroupandthefirstEnglishuniversityafterOxfordandCambridge.
36、Alargegroupofnineteenthandtwentiethcenturyuniversitieswerefoundedinmostofthebiggestindustrialtownsandinafewothercentres.Theystartedas“universitycolleges”.
37、TheearlistknownprintednewspaperinBritainwaspublishedin1513.ItwascalledTreweEncountre.
38、TheTimesisthemostfamousofallBritishpapersandtheoldestatthat.
39、ThemostimportantPeriodicalsaretheEconomist,NewStatesman,Spectator,NewSociety,PrivateEyeandNewScientist.
40、Britishradioandtelevisionplayanimportantpartindailylife,socialactivities,culturalandeducationalcauses.Theyarechieflyrunbythreecompanies:
theBritishBroadcastingCorporation（B.B.C）,theIndependentTelevisionCommission（I.T.C）,andtheRadioAuthority,thoughtherearemanycommercial,companies.
41、ThePressAssociationLtd.whichwasfoundedbyprovincialnewspapersonaco-operativebasisin1868istheoldestandlargestnewsagencyoperatingexclusivelyinBritain.
42、Associationfootball（orsoccer）claimsthehighestpopularattendanceinthecountry.
43、GolfisprobablythemostattractiveofBritishsports.
44、Stephenson’s‘Rocket’isthemostfamousofallsteamlocomotives.
45、JohnDaltonwasanEnglishchemistandphysicist,whoisbestknownfordevelopinganatomictheoryinwhichtheelementsarecharacterizedbydifferentsizesandweights.
46、Thebest-knownscientificachievementinthenineteenthcenturywasCharlesRobertDarwin’sdevelopmentofatheoryofevolution.
47、ThenumberoftheBritishNoblePrizewinnersinsciencebeforeWorldWarⅡisthelargestintheworld.
48、Fableswhichareaboutanimalsorsupernaturalpersonsorincidentsandwhosepurposeisteachingamoralareprobablytheearliestformofstory-telling.
49、Thebest-lovedstoryisaboutRobinHoodwhowasapopularherolivingunderthegreenwoodwithhismen,takingfromtherichandgivingtothepoorandwagingwaragainstbishopsandarchbishops.BythetimewegettotheMiddleAges,wefindthefirstgreatEnglishpoet,Chaucer.
50、InthesixteethcenturyThomasMoreissuedhismasterpieceUtopiaintwobooks,thefirstofwhichcontainsalongconversiationonthesocialconditionofEngland.
51、DuringthePuritanperiod（orintheseventeethcentury）JohnBunyanwasacommandingprosewriterandJohnMiltonwasanoutstandingpoet.Bunyanwroteotherworks,suchastheHolyWar,GraceAboundingtotheChiefofsinners.
52、DanielDefoeandhisRobinsonCrusoeandJonathanSwiftandhisGulliver’sTravelsbelongtothisperiod.
53、SamuelRichardsonisanothernovelistrenownedasastoryteller.Hechosetheepistolataryfromandwrote“thefirstmodernnovel.”
54、Thenineteenthcenturywasthegoldenageofthenovel.Therewerealotofnovelists,thegreatestofwhomwasCharlesDickens.Heislookeduponasoneofthegreatestcreativewriterswhoeverlived.
55、ThecomicmasterpieceofwhichDickenswastheproudest,isPicwickPapers.DavidCopperfield,whichislarglybasedonhimself,isperhapshisbestnovel.Otherwell-knownnovelsinclude.TheOldCuriosityShop,HardTimes,GreatExpectations,ATaleofTwoLitiesandDombeyandSon.
56、WalterScottwasapoetandfamousScottishhistoricalnovelist,whowrotemuch.AmonghisnovelsandWaverley,GuyMannering,Kenilworth,WoodstockandQuentinDurward.HisbestknownnovelisIvanhoe,hisbestnovelisTheHeartofMidlothian.
57、WilliamMakepeaceTackeray,wholargelywroteaboutmiddle-classsociety.HewroteTheHistoryofPenDennis,TheHistoryofHenryEsmond,TheNewcomerstheVirginians.
58、Nineteenth-centuryEnglandalsoproducedmanygreatwomennovelists,theearliestofwhomwasperhapsJaneAusten.Hermostwidely-readnovelisPrideandPrejudice,thoughthreeothers,SenseandSensibility,EmmaandMansefieldPark,haveslowlywontheirwaytothefrontrankoffiction.
59、JosephRudyardKiplingwasthefirstBritishnovelisttowintheNobelPrize,whichhedidin1907.
60、DavidHerbertLawrencewasaninnovatorofpsychologicalfictionandoneofthemostcontroversialwritersoftheearly20thcentury,surpassedonlybyJamesJoyceintheamountofoppositionwhichwascausedbyhisworks.HismajorworksareSonsandLovers,theRainbow,WomenInLove,Kangaroo,thePlumedSerpentandLadyChatterley’sLover.
61、JamesJoycewasconsideredintheWestandthemostimportantandinfluentialnovelistwritinginEnglish.
62、Thenameof
HerbertGeorgeWellsiscloselyassociatedwithsciencefiction.TheTimeMachine,TheIslandofPr.Moreau,TheInvisibleMan,WhentheSleeperWakesandTheShapeofThingstocomearehisbestworksaboutscience.
63、JohnGalsworthywasoneofthemostprominentBritishnovelistsanddramatistsofthetwentiethcentury.HismaidenworkisFromtheFourWinds.
64、AnotherNobelPrizewinnerwasBertrandRussell,whowasaphilosopher,mathematician,logicianandnovelist.HegothisNoblePrizein1950.
65、GeoffreyChaucer,thefatherofEnglishpoetry,describesapartyofpilgrimsgoingtoCanterburyinhismasterpieceTheCanterburyTales.
66、ThegreatestEnglishrevolutionarypoetoftheseventeenthcenturywasJohnMilton,whomwerememberchieflyforhislongepicintwelvebooksParadiseLost,whichmainlytellsthestoryofAdamandEreintheGardenofEden.
67、TwoofthegreatestnamesinthepoetryofthiscenturyareWilliamButlerYeatsandThomasSteamsEliot.TheSecondComing,oneoftheYeats’smostfamouspoems,hismostfamousworksareThewindAmongtheweeds,Responsibilities,TheTower,TheWindingstairsandThelandofHeart’sDesire（aplayof1914）.
68、EliotwasborninAmericanbuthebecameaBritishsubjectin1927.Hisbestknownwork,TheWasteLand,causedanuproarbecauseofitsoriginalityandoftheseverityofitsattack
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