新视野大学英语读写教程第二版Unit 3Word格式.docx
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BeforeJune12th,1967,interracialmarriagewasillegalandindividualstatesintheUShadtherighttoseparateandpunishinterracialcouples.Thesepunishmentsincludedimprisonmentofupto10years.Violationsincludedmarriage,sex,andlivingtogether.OnJune12th,1967,interracialcouplesbecamelegalthankstotheUSSupremeCourtdecisionentitledLovingv.Virginia《洛文诉弗吉尼亚州案》.Toreadmoreaboutinterracialmarriage,visithttp:
//www.lovingday.organd
【注】《洛文诉弗吉尼亚州案》:
洛文抨击的是弗吉尼亚州禁止异族通婚的一项法律。
最高法院判决认定此项法律违反宪法,并宣告关于种族歧视的“隔离但平等”原则自此在全国范围内失效。
3.Aboutthetitle——MarriageAcrossNations.
4.Aboutthetext——understandingtheorganizationofthetext
4.1Mainideaofthetext:
Thepassageisafirst-personnarrativeaboutthewriter’sownexperienceofamixedmarriageinAmerica.Thepassageisgenerallyorganizedaccordingtotimesequence,thefirstthingfirstandsecondthingsecond.Thewholetextismadeupoftwoparts
4.2Divisionofthetext
PartOne―(Paras.1―4)ThispartintroducestousthelovebetweenGail,awhitewomanandMark,ablackman.
PartTwo―(Paras.5―21)TheopinionsfromGail’smotherandtheopinion’sfromGail’sfatheraboutGail’smixedmarriage.
4.AskSstoreadthetextonebyone.
5.AskSstotranslatesomeparagraphsofthistext.
6.Newwordsandphrases.
(1)upsanddownsthemixtureofgoodandbadexperiences盛衰;
沉浮
(2)charactern.1.qualitiesthatmakesb.aparticulartypeofperson性格,个性
2.qualitiesthatmakesth.whatitisanddifferentfromothers特点,特征
(3)compromisen.anagreementthatisachievedaftereveryoneinvolvedacceptslessthanwhattheywantedatfirst妥协;
折中
v.reachanagreementbymakingacompromise妥协;
(4)involveda.takingpartinanactivityorevent;
connectedwithsth.参与的;
有关的
【注】beinvolvedin与…有关,被卷入beinvolvedwith涉及
(5)subtlea.noteasytonoticeorunderstand微妙的,细微的
(6)hatredn.astongfeelingofdislikeforsb.orsth.痛恨,憎恨
(7)illusionn.afalseidea,belieforimpression幻觉;
错觉
(8)marrieda.havingahusbandorwife已婚的
(9)mutuala.1.feltordoneinthesamewaybytwoormorepeopletowardeachother相互的2.sharedbytwoormorepeople共同的;
共有的
(10)compatiblea.1.(ofpeople)abletohaveagoodrelationshipbecauseofsimilaropinionsorinterests合得来的;
情投意合的
2.(ofequipment)abletobeusedtogether兼容的;
配套的
【反义词】incompatiblenotcompatible合不来的;
不兼容的
(11)overlookvt.1.notnoticesth.没注意到;
忽略
2.haveaviewofaplacefromabove俯视;
眺望
(12)expectationn.thebeliefthatsth.willhappen期待;
预料
(13)workoutbesuccessfulorendinacertainway成功;
产生结果
(14)painfula.causingpain痛苦的
(15)divorcen.thelegalendingofamarriage离婚
v.endamarriagelawfully离婚
(16)foratimeforashortperiod;
temporarily暂时;
一度
(17)budvi.producebuds发芽,萌芽
n.apartofaplantthatwillopentoformaleaforflower芽;
花蕾
buddinga.justbeginning刚开始的
(18)meetwithexperiencesth.bychance遭遇;
遇到
(19)resistancen.1.refusaltoacceptsth.抵制,反对
2.theuseofforcetoactagainstsb.orsth.抵抗;
对抗
(20)allalongallthetime始终
(21)supportivea.helpfulorencouraging支持的;
支援的
(22)granda.1.(usedincompounds)表示“(亲戚关系)隔一代的”
2.splendidinappearanceorstyle;
impressive壮丽的;
宏伟的
(23)grandchildren(外)孙;
(外)孙女
(24)congratulationn.anexpressionusedwhenonewantstocongratulatesb.祝贺;
道喜
(25)counselvt.givesb.advice劝告;
忠告
(26)datevt.havearomanticrelationshipwithsb.与…约会
(27)subsequenta.happeningaftersth.else后来的;
随后的
subsequentlyad.afteraneventinthepast后来;
接着
【区别】consequentlyasaresult,therefore所以,因此
(28)harborvt.keepsth.inone’smindforalongtime心怀;
怀有
n.aplaceofshelterforships港,港口
(29)reservationn.1.afeelingofdoubtaboutwhethersth.isgoodorright存疑;
保留2.anorderofaroom.Seat,etc.inadvance预定
(30)prejudicen.anopinionordislikeofsb.orsth.thatisnotbasedonreason偏见,成见
(31)charmvt.attractsb.迷人;
使陶醉
n.thequalityofpleasingorattractingpeople魅力;
吸引力
charmingverypleasingorattractive迷人的;
有魅力的
(32)son-in-lawn.husbandofone’sdaughter女婿
(33)havenothingtodowithhavenoconnectionwith与…无关
(34)see…asregard…as把…看作
(35)caringa.kindandhelpfultowardotherpeople体贴的
(36)onthesurfacewhennotobserved,thoughtabout,etc.deeply表面上;
外表上
(37)indicationn.asignthatshowssth.迹象
(38)atone’sworstinone’sworststate最差的时候;
最糟糕的时候
(39)confirmvt.provethatsth.istrue证实;
证明;
确定
v.makeaplan,meeting,etc.certain,esp.bytelephoneorwriting确认
(40)citizenshipn.thestateofbeingacitizen;
therightsofacitizen公民身份;
公民权利
(41)learnofcometoknow获悉;
听说
(42)suspectvt.thinkthatsth.isprobablytrue怀疑
n.sb.whoisthoughttobeguiltyofacrime嫌疑犯
(43)harsha.1.cruel严厉的;
苛刻的
2.unpleasantlyloudandrough刺耳的
(44)takecareofberesponsiblefor;
dealwith
(45)hesitatevi.beslowtospeakoractbecauseonefeelsuncertainorunwilling犹豫;
踌躇;
迟疑
(46)cancelvt.saythatsth.alreadyplannedwillnothappen取消
(47)proceedtodosth.dosth.next;
goontodosth.接着做某事
(48)quotev.repeatthewordsthatsb.elsehassaidorwrritten引用;
引述
n.wordstakenfromabook,play,speech,etc.引语;
引文
(49)hardshipn.theconditionthatlifeisverydiificult艰难;
困苦
(50)racistn.sb.whobelievesthatsomeracesarenotasgoodasothersand,therefore,treatsthemunfairly种族主义者
(51)realistica.basedonfacts;
practical实际的;
现实的
(52)devotionn.greatloveorloyalty挚爱;
热爱;
忠诚
(53)idealistica.believinginsth.firmlywhichisunlikelytocometrue理想主义的;
理想化的
(54)resolvevt.1.solveaproblemordifficulty解决;
解除
2.makeadefinitedecisiontodosth.决定;
决心
7.Sentencepatterns
(1)原句:
GailsometimeswonderedwhyIandotherblacksweresoinvolvedwiththeracialissue,…(L.6)
盖儿有时不明白为何我和其他黑人如此关注种族问题…
【句型提炼】sb.sometimeswonderwhy…某人有时候想知道为什么……
e.g.Isometimeswonderwhysomepeoplealwaysbelievemoneycantalk.
e.g.Theysometimeswonderedwhythegovernmentwasslowindoingsomethingaboutthepollutionproblem.
他们对政府处理污染问题行动不力感到困惑。
(2)原句:
Insteadofcongratulationsuponhearingournews,DeborahcounseledGailtobereallysureshewasdoingtherightthing.(L.24)但这次听到我们的消息时,她没向我们表示祝贺,相反却劝盖尔想想清楚自己的决定是否正确。
【句型提炼】upon/on+doing/noun一……就…;
刚刚……就…;
用upon/on后接动名词或名词
e.g.Uponhearingthenewsthathewasadmittedbytheuniversity,hebegantomakeplansforhisfuture.
一听到他被这所大学录取的消息,他就开始为他的未来做起计划来。
e.g.Uponentranceoftheplayers,allthefansbegantocheer.
球员一入场,所有的球迷们就开始欢呼起来。
(3)原句:
Infact,hemadeitveryclearwhenwewerediscussingmarriagethatifIhadanydoubtsaboutanything,Ishouldnothesitatetocancelourplans.(L.51)
事实上,当我们在讨论结婚的时候,他清楚地表明了这一点:
如果我对任何事情都心存疑虑,我完全可以取消我们的计划。
【句型提炼】makeitclearthat…强调;
讲明;
弄清楚
e.g.Weshouldallmakeitclearthatsuccesscomesfromdiligence.
我们都应该明白成功源于勤奋。
e.g.Thesurveymakesitclearthatlungcanceriscloselyassociatedwithheavysmoking.这份调查表明肺癌和过度吸烟有密切的关系。
(4)原句:
...ifIhadanydoubtaboutanything,Ishouldnothesitatetocancelourplan(L.52)如果我对任何事有任何怀疑,可以毫不犹豫地取消我们的计划。
句型提炼:
If…,Sb…要是……就……
e.g.Ifyouhadnotbeentothepartylastnight,youwouldnothaveseenthemoviestar.要是你昨晚没去参加晚会,你就不能见到那位影星了。
e.g.Ifyouacteduponmyadvice,everythingwouldworkoutwell.
要是你按我的建议行事,一切都会进展顺利的。
复习用If引导的虚拟条件句
If条件句
主句
与现在事实相反
动词过去式(be动词一般用were)
should,would,could,might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had+动词过去分词
should,would,could,might+have+动词过去分词
实现的可能性很小的将来情况
wereto/should+动词原形
Note:
(1)在主句中,一般只有主语为第一人称时使用should。
(2)当从句中有were,had,should这样的助动词或情态动词时,可以省略if,用主谓倒装形式。
(3)有时主句和从句中表示的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词形式应根据上下文表示的时间来调整,使用交错时态;
有时还会考虚拟语气与陈述语气混合使用的现象。
Practice:
(1)Ifthewholeoperation__D___beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.A.wasnotplannedB.hasnotbeenplannedC.werenotplannedD.hadnotbeenplanned
(2)Jeandoesn’twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe__B___ajobsheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften
.A.hastogetB.weretogetC.hadgotD.couldhavegot
(3)IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you__A__now.
A.wouldn’tbesmilingB.couldn’thavesmiledC.won’tsmileD.didn’tsmile
(4)Somewomen__D___agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.
A.mustmakeB.shouldhavemadeC.wouldmakeD.couldhavemade
(5)___D__beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.
A.HadtheyarrivedB.WouldtheyarriveC.WeretheyarrivingD.Weretheytoarrive
StepV.Post-reading
1.Usefulexpressions
(1)confronttheweaknessesandstrengthsofeachother’scharacte
面对彼此性格上的长处和不足
(2)beinvolvedwiththeracialissue卷入种族问题
(3)thesubtlerformsofracialhatred种族仇恨更加微妙的表现形式
(4)haveillusionabout…对….抱有幻想
(5)mutualtrustandrespect相互信任和尊重
(6)overlookseriouspersonalityconflicts忽视严重的性格冲突
(7)gothroughbitterandpainfuldivorce经历了痛苦的离婚
(8)meet