创新学院剑桥大学定制课程解剖学课程考核 1Word格式.docx
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bloodinparenchymaandventricles
4.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrectregardingfunctionofthevisualsystem[单选题]*
homonymoushemianopiaiscausedbyanopticchiasmlesion
monocularhemianopiaiscausedbyanoptictractlesion
bitemporalhemianopiaiscausedbyanopticnerveorretinallesion
ophthalmoplegiaiscausedbyalesiontocranialnerveIII,IVand/orVI(正确答案)
5.Preganglionicsympatheticneuronsrelease[单选题]*
acetylcholine(正确答案)
noradrenaline
dopamine
serotonin
6.InGuillain-Barresyndrome,[单选题]*
symptomsgenerallydevelopovermanyyears,occuringinisolatedattacks
symptomsbeginproximallyandprogressdistally
symptomsaregenerallyunilateral
symptomsclassicallystartwithpain,numbnessand/ortingling(正确答案)
7.Travellingawayfromtheheartofanindividualwithnormalanatomy,theaorticarchbranchesintothe[单选题]*
leftsubclavianartery,followedbythebrachiocephalictrunkandthentheleftcommoncarotidartery
leftcommoncarotidartery,followedbytheleftsubclavianarteryandthenthebrachiocephalictrunk
brachiocephalictrunk,followedbytheleftsubclavianarteryandthentheleftcommoncarotidartery
brachiocephalictrunk,followedbytheleftcommoncarotidarteryandthentheleftsubclavianartery(正确答案)
8.Thenervesupplycausingbronchoconstrictionofthelungscomesfromthe[单选题]*
vagusnerve(正确答案)
thoracicsympatheticchain
phrenicnerve
azygousnerve
9.ThearterialsupplyofthedifferentpartsoftheGItractis[单选题]*
foregut-superiormesentericartery;
midgut-inferiormesentericartery;
hindgut-coeliactrunk
foregut-leftcolicartery;
midgut-superiormesentericartery;
hindgut-inferiormesentericartery
foregut-coeliactrunk;
hindgut-inferiormesentericartery(正确答案)
hindgut-ileocolicartery
10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectstatementaboutthetestes[单选题]*
thetesticulararteryisadirectbranchoftheaorta(正确答案)
thereisnosympatheticnervesupply
venousdrainageisviatheinternaliliacveins
thebroadligamentoftheovaryisthefemaleequivalentofthemalegubernaculum
11.Theuterus[单选题]*
isusuallyantevertedandretroflexed
receivesasympatheticnervesupplyfromS2-4
receivesanarterialsupplyfrombothuterineandovarianarteries(正确答案)
drainslymphtopara-aorticnodes
12.Ahealthyfemaleundergoespubertyat12yearswithanoocytepoolof300,000.Assuminglinearreductioninthepoolattheagesandratesdescribedinthelecture,approximatelyhowmanyoocyteswouldremainwhensheis33yearsand6months?
274,200
171,000
42,000(正确答案)
4,200
13.Vertebrallevelsofstructuresintheneck:
______isatthelevelofC3,the______sitsaroundC5-T1andthe______isatthelevelofC6[单选题]*
Thethyroidgland,cricoidcartilage,larynx
Thethyroidcartilage,pharynx,hyoidbone
Thehyoidbone,thyroidgland,cricoidcartilage(正确答案)
Sternocleidomastoid,oesophagus,parathyroid
14.Bell'
spalsyiscausedbythedysfunctionofwhichnerve?
cranialnerveVII(正确答案)
cranialnerveV
vagusnerve
15.Whichveininthecubitalfossaisoftenusedforvenepuncture?
antecubitalvein(mediancubitalvein)(正确答案)
axillaryvein
cephalicvein
subclavianvein
16.Whichthreemusclesarelocatedintheanteriorcompartmentofthearm?
tricepsbrachii,brachialisandcoracobrachialis
tricepsbrachii
bicepsbrachii,brachialisandcoracobrachialis(正确答案)
bicepsbrachii,brachioradialisandanconeus
17.Theboundariesofthecarpaltunnelarethe_____and_____.Itcontains_____andthe_____.[单选题]*
flexorretinaculum;
deepcarpalarch;
ninetendons;
mediannerve(正确答案)
flexorcarpiulnaris;
pronatorteres;
threearteries;
musculocutaneousnerve
pronatorquadratus;
flexorretinaculum;
fournerves;
radialartery
pronatorteres;
pronatorquadratus;
mediancubitalvein
18.Apatientwithnopre-existingconditionorabnormalityisinvolvedinamajorroadtrafficcollision,duringwhichthedashboardcauseslimbamputationsattheleftradio-carpaljointandtherightmid-lowerleg.Howmanycompletebonesdoesthepatienthaveremaining?
55
151(正确答案)
189
155
19.Thestructurespassingposteriortothemedialmalleolusarethe______,the______andthe______.[单选题]*
sciaticnerve;
posteriortibialvein;
posteriortibialartery
poplitealvein;
tibialnerve;
sciaticnerve
posteriortibialartery;
tendonsoftibialisposterior,flexordigitorumlongusandflexorhallicuslongus(正确答案)
anteriortibialvein;
fibularartery;
tibialnerve
20.Trendelenberggaitistheresultoftheineffectiveactionofwhichtwomuscles?
gluteusmaximusandtensorfascialata
obturatorinternusandquadratusfemoris
gluteusmaximusandgluteusminimus
gluteusminimusandgluteusmedius(正确答案)
21.Whataretheeffectsofweightlossonplasmaconcentrationsoffollowingthreehormones?
Weightlosslowersplasmainsulinlevelsandincreasesplasmaleptinandghrelinlevels.
Weightlosslowersplasmainsulinandghrelinlevelsandincreasesplasmaleptinlevels.
Weightlosslowersplasmainsulinandleptinlevelsandincreasesplasmaghrelinlevels.(正确答案)
Weightlosslowersplasmalevelsofallthreehormones.
22.Whichofthefollowingactivemetabolitesaregeneratedbythecolonicmicrobiotathroughfermentation?
Short-chainfattyacids(SCFAs)andlipopolysaccharide(LPS).
Short-chainfattyacids(SCFAs),indole,γ-aminobutyricacid(GABA)andlipopolysaccharide(LPS).(正确答案)
Indole,γ-aminobutyricacid(GABA)andlipopolysaccharide(LPS).
Short-chainfattyacids(SCFAs)andγ-aminobutyricacid(GABA).
23.Whichofthefollowingpopulationsofneuronsinhibitfoodintake?
AGRP-expressingneuronslocatedinthehypothalamicarcuatenucleus(ARC).
POMC-expressingneuronslocatedintheintheparaventricularnucleus(PVN).
AGRP-expressingneuronslocatedinthenucleusofthesolitarytract(NTS).
POMC-expressingneuronslocatedinthehypothalamicarcuatenucleus(ARC).(正确答案)
24.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotacharacteristicofepicardialfat?
Epicardialfatproducescytokinesthatmodulatesthefunctionofthemyocardium.
Epicardialfathasthegreatestratesoflipogenesisandfattyacidmetabolismamongvisceralfatdepots.
Epicardialfatisvascularizedbynoncoronaryarteries.(正确答案)
Epicardialfatislocatedbetweenthemyocardiumandtheviscerallayerofthepericardium.
25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingbrownandbeigeadipocytesisfalse?
BothcelltypesexpressUCP1protein.
Bothcelltypeshavemultiplelipiddroplets.
Theyoriginatefromdistinctprecursorsduringcelldiffentiation.
BothcelltypesproduceheatthroughCa2+cyclingviaendoplasmicreticulum.(正确答案)
26.AwomanwithBMI33and1.70cmheighthas30%fatcontent.Afterlosingweight,hernewBMIbecomes28,andherfatcontent25%.Howmuchfatdidshelose(chosetheclosestvalueinkg)?
8.5kg(正确答案)
5.5kg
10kg
12kg
27.Pleasechosetheorgansthatarethemainsourceforthefollowingsecretedfactors,intheorderlistedhere:
FGF21,irisin,leptin,GLP1.[单选题]*
Fat,gut,liver,muscle.
Mucle,liver,gut,fat.
Gut,mucle,fat,liver.
Liver,muscle,fat,gut.(正确答案)
28.Whichtissue/organismajorsourceofcirculatingmicroRNAsinthecirculation?
Liver
Fat(正确答案)
Mucle
Bone
29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsrelatedtotheroleofindoxylsulfateininter-organcommunicationistrue?
Indoleiscreatedinthegut,viathemetabolismofvalinebythegutmicrobiota.
Indoleistakenupbythekidney,whereitismetabolizedtoindoxylsulfate.
Indoxylsulfatesignalsinvarioustissuesthroughthearylhydrocarbonreceptor(AHR).(正确答案)
Indoxylsulfateisultimatelyexcretedbythekidneythroughtransporterslocatedinthedistaltubuleepithelium.
30.Whereinthebrainisthecentralclocklocated?
Inthehypothalamicsuprachiasmaticnucleus(SCN).(正确答案)
Inthenucleusofthesolitarytract(NTS).
Inthehypothalamicarcuatenucleus(ARC).
Intheparaventricularnucleus(PVN).
31.Whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthemolecularorganizationofthecircadianclockisfalse?
Thetranscriptional-translationalregulatoryloopsofthecircadianclockareoperatinginmostcellsandcontrolalargefractionofthemammaliangenome.
ThetranscriptionalactivatorsCLOCKandBMAL1dimerizetostimulatetheexpressionofmanygeneswithE-boxelementsintheirpromoters.
Atnight,REV-ERBαproteinamountsarelow,allowingBmal1