英语演讲稿Tear Down This Wall.docx

英语演讲稿Tear Down This Wall.docx

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英语演讲稿TearDownThisWall

英语演讲稿

TearDownThisWall

里根总统最著名的演讲之一：

摧毁柏林墙

TearDownThisWall

ByRonaldReagan

ChancellorKohl,GoverningMayorDiepgen,ladiesandgentlemen:

Twenty-fouryearsago,PresidentJohnF.KennedyvisitedBerlin,speakingtothepeopleofthiscityandtheworldattheCityHall.Well,sincethentwootherpresidentshavecome,eachinhisturn,toBerlin.AndtodayI,myself,makemysecondvisittoyourcity.

WecometoBerlin,weAmericanpresidents,becauseit’sourdutytospeak,inthisplace,offreedom.ButImustconfess,we’redrawnherebyotherthingsaswell:

bythefeelingofhistoryinthiscity,morethan500yearsolderthanourownnation;bythebeautyoftheGrunewaldandtheTiergarten;mostofall,byyourcourageanddetermination.PerhapsthecomposerPaulLinckeunderstoodsomethingaboutAmericanpresidents.Yousee,likesomanypresidentsbeforeme,IcomeheretodaybecausewhereverIgo,whateverIdo:

IchhabnocheinenKofferinBerlin.

OurgatheringtodayisbeingbroadcastthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica.IunderstandthatitisbeingseenandheardaswellintheEast.TothoselisteningthroughoutEasternEurope,aspecialword:

AlthoughIcannotbewithyou,Iaddressmyremarkstoyoujustassurelyastothosestandingherebeforeme.ForIjoinyou,asIjoinyourfellowcountrymenintheWest,inthisfirm,thisunalterablebelief:

EsgibtnureinBerlin.

Behindmestandsawallthatencirclesthefreesectorsofthiscity,partofavastsystemofbarriersthatdividestheentirecontinentofEurope.FromtheBaltic,south,thosebarrierscutacrossGermanyinagashofbarbedwire,concrete,dogruns,andguardtowers.Farthersouth,theremaybenovisible,noobviouswall.Butthereremainarmedguardsandcheckpointsallthesame—stillarestrictionontherighttotravel,stillaninstrumenttoimposeuponordinarymenandwomenthewillofatotalitarianstate.YetitishereinBerlinwherethewallemergesmostclearly;here,cuttingacrossyourcity,wherethenewsphotoandthetelevisionscreenhaveimprintedthisbrutaldivisionofacontinentuponthemindoftheworld.StandingbeforetheBrandenburgGate,everymanisaGerman,separatedfromhisfellowmen.EverymanisaBerliner,forcedtolookuponascar.

PresidentvonWeizsackerhassaid,“TheGermanquestionisopenaslongastheBrandenburgGateisclosed.”TodayIsay:

Aslongasthegateisclosed,aslongasthisscarofawallispermittedtostand,itisnottheGermanquestionalonethatremainsopen,butthequestionoffreedomforallmankind.YetIdonotcomeheretolament.ForIfindinBerlinamessageofhope,evenintheshadowofthiswall,amessageoftriumph.

Inthisseasonofspringin1945,thepeopleofBerlinemergedfromtheirair-raidshelterstofinddevastation.Thousandsofmilesaway,thepeopleoftheUnitedStatesreachedouttohelp.Andin1947SecretaryofState—asyou’vebeentold—GeorgeMarshallannouncedthecreationofwhatwouldbecomeknownastheMarshallPlan.Speakingprecisely40yearsagothismonth,hesaid:

“Ourpolicyisdirectednotagainstanycountryordoctrine,butagainsthunger,poverty,desperation,andchaos.”

IntheReichstagafewmomentsago,Isawadisplaycommemoratingthis40thanniversaryoftheMarshallPlan.Iwasstruckbythesignonaburnt-out,guttedstructurethatwasbeingrebuilt.IunderstandthatBerlinersofmyowngenerationcanrememberseeingsignslikeitdottedthroughoutthewesternsectorsofthecity.Thesignreadsimply:

“TheMarshallPlanishelpingheretostrengthenthefreeworld.”Astrong,freeworldintheWest,thatdreambecamereal. 

Japanrosefromruintobecomeaneconomicgiant.Italy,France,Belgium—virtuallyeverynationinWesternEuropesawpoliticalandeconomicrebirth;theEuropeanCommunitywasfounded.

InWestGermanyandhereinBerlin,theretookplaceaneconomicmiracle,theWirtschaftswunder.Adenauer,Erhard,Reuter,andotherleadersunderstoodthepracticalimportanceofliberty—thatjustastruthcanflourishonlywhenthejournalistisgivenfreedomofspeech,soprosperitycancomeaboutonlywhenthefarmerandbusinessmanenjoyeconomicfreedom.TheGermanleadersreducedtariffs,expandedfreetrade,loweredtaxes.From1950to1960alone,thestandardoflivinginWestGermanyandBerlindoubled.

Wherefourdecadesagotherewasrubble,todayinWestBerlinthereisthegreatestindustrialoutputofanycityinGermany—busyofficeblocks,finehomesandapartments,proudavenues,andthespreadinglawnsofparkland.Whereacity’scultureseemedtohavebeendestroyed,todaytherearetwogreatuniversities,orchestrasandanopera,countlesstheaters,andmuseums.Wheretherewaswant,todaythere’sabundance—food,clothing,automobiles—thewonderfulgoodsoftheKu’damm.Fromdevastation,fromutterruin,youBerlinershave,infreedom,rebuiltacitythatonceagainranksasoneofthegreatestonearth.TheSovietsmayhavehadotherplans.Butmyfriends,therewereafewthingstheSovietsdidn’tcounton—BerlinerHerz,BerlinerHumor,ja,undBerlinerSchnauze.

Inthe1950s,Khrushchevpredicted:

“Wewillburyyou.”ButintheWesttoday,weseeafreeworldthathasachievedalevelofprosperityandwell-beingunprecedentedinallhumanhistory.IntheCommunistworld,weseefailure,technologicalbackwardness,decliningstandardsofhealth,evenwantofthemostbasickind—toolittlefood.Eventoday,theSovietUnionstillcannotfeeditself.Afterthesefourdecades,then,therestandsbeforetheentireworldonegreatandinescapableconclusion:

Freedomleadstoprosperity.Freedomreplacestheancienthatredsamongthenationswithcomityandpeace.Freedomisthevictor.

AndnowtheSovietsthemselvesmay,inalimitedway,becomingtounderstandtheimportanceoffreedom.WehearmuchfromMoscowaboutanewpolicyofreformandopenness.Somepoliticalprisonershavebeenreleased.Certainforeignnewsbroadcastsarenolongerbeingjammed.Someeconomicenterpriseshavebeenpermittedtooperatewithgreaterfreedomfromstatecontrol.

ArethesethebeginningsofprofoundchangesintheSovietstate?

Oraretheytokengestures,intendedtoraisefalsehopesintheWest,ortostrengthentheSovietsystemwithoutchangingit?

Wewelcomechangeandopenness;forwebelievethatfreedomandsecuritygotogether,thattheadvanceofhumanlibertycanonlystrengthenthecauseofworldpeace.ThereisonesigntheSovietscanmakethatwouldbeunmistakable,thatwouldadvancedramaticallythecauseoffreedomandpeace.

GeneralSecretaryGorbachev,ifyouseekpeace,ifyouseekprosperityfortheSovietUnionandEasternEurope,ifyouseekliberalization:

Comeheretothisgate!

Mr.Gorbachev,openthisgate!

Mr.Gorbachev,teardownthiswall!

Iunderstandthefearofwarandthepainofdivisionthatafflictthiscontinent— andIpledgetoyoumycountry’seffortstohelpovercometheseburdens.Tobesure,weintheWestmustresistSovietexpansion.Sowemustmaintaindefensesofunassailablestrength.Yetweseekpeace;sowemuststrivetoreducearmsonbothsides.

Beginning10yearsago,theSovietschallengedtheWesternalliancewithagravenewthreat,hundredsofnewandmoredeadlySS-20nuclearmissiles,capableofstrikingeverycapitalinEurope.TheWesternalliancerespondedbycommittingitselftoacounter-deploymentunlesstheSovietsagreedtonegotiateabettersolution;namely,theeliminationofsuchweaponsonbothsides.Formanymonths,theSovietsrefusedtobargaininearnestness.Asthealliance,inturn,preparedtogoforwardwithitscounter-deployment,thereweredifficultdays—daysofprotestslikethoseduringmy1982visittothiscity—andtheSovietslaterwalkedawayfromthetable.

Butthroughitall,theallianceheldfirm.AndIinvitethosewhoprotestedthen— Iinvitethosewhoprotesttoday—tomarkthisfact:

Becauseweremainedstrong,theSovietscamebacktothetable.Andbecauseweremainedstrong,todaywehavewithinreachthepossibility,notmerelyoflimitingthegrowthofarms,butofeliminating,forthefirsttime,anentireclassofnuclearweaponsfromthefaceoftheearth.

AsIspeak,NATOministersaremeetinginIcelandtoreviewtheprogressofourproposalsforeliminatingtheseweapons.AtthetalksinGeneva,wehavealsoproposeddeepcutsinstrategicoffensiveweapons.AndtheWesternallieshavelikewisemadefar-reachingproposalstoreducethedangerofconventionalwarandtoplaceatotalbanonchemicalweapons.

Whilewepursuethesearmsreductions,IpledgetoyouthatwewillmaintainthecapacitytodeterSovietaggressionatanylevelatwhichitmightoccur. 

Andincooperationwithmanyofourallies,theUnitedStatesispursuingtheStrategicDefenseInitiative—researchtobasedeterrencenotonthethreatofoffensiveretaliation,butondefensesthattrulydefend;onsystems,inshort,thatwillnottargetpopulations,butshieldthem.BythesemeansweseektoincreasethesafetyofEuropeandalltheworld.Butwemustrememberacrucialfact:

EastandWestdonotmistrusteachotherbecausewearearmed;wearearmedbecausewemistrusteachother.Andourdifferencesarenotaboutweaponsbutaboutliberty.WhenPresidentKennedyspokeattheCityHallthose24yearsago,freedomwasencircled,Berlinwasundersiege.Andtoday,despiteallthepressuresuponthiscity,Berlinstandssecureinitsliberty.Andfreedomitselfistransformingtheglobe.

InthePhilippines,inSouthandCentralAmerica,democracyhasbeengivenarebirth.ThroughoutthePacific,freemarketsareworkingmiracleaftermiracleofeconomicgrowth.Intheindustrializednations,atec