届高三英语阅读理解考点复习题.docx

届高三英语阅读理解考点复习题.docx

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届高三英语阅读理解考点复习题

江苏新沂市2018高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选练（3）及答案

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2018第一轮质检试题】

NelsonMandelawasafigureofinternationalfame，andmanydetailsofhislifeandcareerwerepublicknowledge．Butherearesomethingsyoumaynothaveknownabouthim．

Inhisyouth，Mandelaenjoyedboxing．Evenduringthe27yearshespentinprison，hewouldexerciseeverymorning．“Ididnotenjoytheviolenceofboxingsomuchasthescienceofit．Boxingisequal．IneverdidanyrealfightingafterIenteredpolitics．Mymaininterestwasintraining，”hewroteinhisautobiographyLongWalktoFreedom．

AmongthememorabiliaintheMandelaFamilyMuseuminSoweto，visitorscallfindtheworldchampionshipbeltgiventoMandelabyAmericanboxerSugarRayLeonard.

RolihlahlaMandelawasnineyearsoldwhenateacherattheprimaryMethodistschoolwherehewasstudying,gavehimanEnglishname—Nelson—inaccordancewiththecustomtogiveallschoolchildrenChristiannames．

RolihlahlaisnotacommonnameinSouthAfrica．Itmeans“troublemaker”．HiscircumcisionnamewasDalibunga，meaning“founderoftheBunga”．

However,inSouthAfrica,MrMandelawasoftencalledbyhisclan（宗族）name—Madiba—whichSouthAfricansusedoutofrespect．

AftergoingundergroundbecauseofhisANCactivities，MrMandela’sabilitytoevade（躲避）thesecuritiesservicesearnedhimthenickname“theblackPimpernel”，afterthenovelTheScarletPimpernel，aboutaherowithasecretidentity．

Afake（伪造的）passportinthenameofDavidMotsamayiwasusedbyMrMandela.Hehaddisguisedhimselfasadriver，agardenerandachefinordertotravelaroundthecountryunnoticedbytheauthorities．

MrMandelastudiedlawonandofffor50yearsfrom1939，failingabouthalfthecourseshetook．InAugust1952，heandOliverTamboestablishedSouthAfrica’sfirstblacklawfirm，MandelaandTambo，inJohannesburg．Heperseveredtofinallysecurealawdegreewhileinprisonin1989．

41．WhydidNelsonMandelabecomeaboxingfan?

A．Heenjoyedtheviolenceofboxing．B．Hewantedtotakethechampionship．

C．Hedesiredtoenjoythetraining．D．Hehopedtofindabetterjob．

42．WhichofthefollowingistrueofMandela’sname?

A．HisoriginalnamewasnotNelson．

B．Hisparentsgavehimthename—Nelson．

C．RolihlahlaisapopularnameinSouthAfrica．

D．MadibawashisChristianname．

43．WhatmadepeoplecallMrMandela“theblackPimpernel”?

A．Hisabilitytoescapefrombeingcaught．

B．HisundergroundactivitiesinANC．

C．Hispressuregivenbytheauthorities．

D．Thenovel’sherowithasecretidentity．

44．MrMandelamadeafakepassportto_____．

A．travelaroundthecountryB．escapefromtheauthorities

C．disguisehimselfasanactorD．goabroadeasily

45．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A．IttookMrMandelaoverfiftyyearstogetalawdegree．

B．MrMandelasetupSouthAfrica’sfirstlawfirm．

C．MrMandelagothislawdegreeafterbeingreleasedfromprison．

D．MrMandelawasadeterminedperson．

【参考答案】41-0-45、CAABD

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（ASmugglingSyndicate）

  Thesmugglerinmanywaysisjustanotherinternationalbusinessmanandhisturnoverwoulddocredittomanyinternationalcorporations.Hisbusinesshappenstobeillegalandrisky,butlookatthestakesinvolved:

$5billionworthofheroinsmuggledintotheUnitedStateseachyear,and$1.5billioningoldpassingannuallyalongsmugglingpipelinestoIndiaandIndonesia,toFranceandMorocco,toBrazilandTurkey.PerhapshalfofallthewatchesmadeinSwitzerlandreachtheireventualwearersbysomebackdoor.Mostofthisillicittradeiscarriedonwithalltheefficiencyofanymultinationalcompany.Entirelylegitimatebusinesses,suchasatravelbureauoranimport-exportagency,arealsooftenfrontsforsmugglingorganizations.Oneoftheworld’slargestgoldsmugglersalsoownedandoperatedthefranchiseforaleadingmakeofBritishcarsinasmallMiddleEasterncountry.Hemadeagoodprofitfrombothactivities.

  Asmugglingsyndicateoperatesmuchlikeanyotherbusiness.Thebossisreallyachiefexecutive.Hemakesalltheplans,establishesinternationalcontacts,andthinksupthesmugglingroutesandmethodbutremainsalooffromactualoperations.Heisaidedbyahandfulofmanagerslookingaftersuchspecialtiesasfinancing,travel（onereasonwhymanysmugglingsyndicatesfindithandytohavetheirowntravelagency）,thebribingofairlineorcustomsofficials,andrecruitmentofcouriers,ormulesastheyarecalled.Theremayalsobesomeoneinchargeoflocalarrangementsinthecountriestowhichthesmuggledgoodsisgoing.

  Anothersimilaritybetweenlegitimatebusinessanditsillegalcounterpartispricefluctuation.Justasthepricesofproductstradedlegallyvarywithqualityandmarketconditionssuchassupplyanddemand,sodothepricesofgoodsgoupanddowninthesmugglingtrade.Considerthepriceofdrugs.Heroinandcannabis,inwhateverformorbywhatevername,coneinseveralgrades,eachwithagoingprice.Thewholesalepriceatwhichbigdealersselltobigdealersislessthanthestreetprice.Whentheauthoritiesaresuccessfulinreducingthesupplybuyseizures,thepriceofallgradesrises.

1.   Themainideaforthispassageis

[A].TheComparisonbetweenLegitimateBusinessandItsIllegalCounterpart.

.ThesimilaritiesbetweenLegitimateBusinessandSmuggling.

[C].SmugglersMayMakeGreatProfitfromBothActivities.

[D].TheBossinSmugglingSyndicateisaChiefExecutive.

2.   Whenisthepricegoingdown?

[A].Thequalityofthefoodsandmarketconditionarenotverywell.

.Thequalityofgoodsandmarketconditionvary.

[C].Unbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.

[D].Thepriceofothergoodsfluctuates.

3.   Itcanbeinferredthatasmuggler

[A].maymakeplanandestablishinternationalcontacts.

.isarealboss.

[C].maymakemoneyindifferentways.

[D].maysellothergoods.

4.   Oneofthebestwayssmugglersusuallytakeis

[A].tosetupmultinationalcompanies.

.toengageinillegalbusinessesonly.

[C].tomakelegitimatebusinessesasfrontsforsmugglingorganizations.

  [D].tomakegoodprofitsfrombothactivities.

Vocabulary

1.   turnover              营业额

2.   docreditto            增光于某人/某物

3.   stake                下在投机生意上的股本，赌注

4.   smugglingpipeline        走私线路

5.   speciality             专业部门，公司

6.   recruit               招募，添补（新兵）

难句译注

1.   Thesmugglerinmanywaysisjustanotherinternationalbusinessmanandhisturnoverwoulddocredittomanyinternationalcorporations.

[结构简析]并列句

[参考译文]走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。

写作方法与文章大意

这是一篇介绍走私集团的文章，采用对比写法——正常（合法）的商业和走私（非法）集团的对比。

第一段第一句就点明宗旨：

走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。

不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出口公司等，这些往往是非法走私组织的前哨阵地。

第二段介绍了走私辛迪加的经营情况非常类似其他商业。

老板就是真正的（执行）董事长。

他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定走私路线和方法但不参与具体执行行动。

有一批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅行，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应走私货品的负责人。

第三段叙述了合法和非法贸易另一个相似点——价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量而有所差异。

答案祥解

1.   B.合法商业和走私的相似性。

是这篇文章的中心思想。

它是通过对比方法说明这种相似性。

并不是两者对比得出结论。

所以

A.合法商业和非法商业比较。

不对。

  C.走私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润 和 D.走私集团中的老板是董事长，只是对比中提到个别具体事实。

不是中心思想。

2.   A.货物质量和市场情况不好。

第三段第二句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价一样，走私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。

”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。

B.货物质量和市场变化。

这并不一定跌价，也可能上升。

   C.供需不平衡。

并没有说明供大于求，和跌价无关。

   D.其它商品价波动。

这不一定下跌。

所以B,C,D都不对。

3.   D.可能会卖其他货品。

题目是推断，（infer）。

从第一段最后一句“世界上最大走私黄金商之买卖，可推断出走私商照样可以经营其他商品。

至于

A.制定计划，签定合同。

    B.走私商是真正的老板。

     C.以不同的方式赚钱，都是文章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。

4.   C.以合法商业掩护他们走私是走私商经常采用，也是最佳的方法之一。

A.多国公司。

 B.只从事非法商贸，这并不是最佳方法。

 D.从两方面赚钱，并不是方法，而是有了掩护所后，多一份收入而已。

【四川省凉山州2018第二次诊断性测试】A

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Manyofusdreamofhavingthousandsandthousandsofdollartospendonwhatwedesire

Wecanbuylotterytickets,entercontestsorspendhoursbuildingabusinessorinvestinthe

stockmarket.Wearesurethatwhenwehaveplentyofmoney,wewillbehappy

Whilehavingsomemoneydoeshaveanimpactonourlevelofhappiness,havingalotof

moneydoesnot.ItisreportedthatAmericanswhoseincomegoesfrom$20,000ayearto$50,000

ayeararemorelikelytobehappy.Butbeyond$50,000,happinessdoesnotincreaseassalaries

goup.Itisbecauseweareneversatisfied.CatherineSanderson,apsychologyprofessorat

AmherstCollegesays,"Wealwaysthinkifwejusthadalittlemoremoney,we’dbehappier.But

whenwegetthere,wearenot."

DanielGilbert,apsychologyprofessoratHarvardnotes,"Themoreyoumake,themoreyou

want.Themoreyouhave,thelessitbringsyoujoy.Weincorrectlyassumewe’Ilgetmore

pleasurefrommore,andwedon’t."

Thethingsmoneycanbuydon'tmakeyouhappyeither.Alotofresearchsuggeststhatyou

won'tfindthe"goodlife"buyingexpensive"toys".YoufinallybuythatBMWyou'vealways

wantedanditsoonlosesitsappeal.Then,insteadofwonderingifanewcariswhatreallymakes

youhappy,youdecideyoujustneedadifferentnewcar.Itisanendlesscycle.

Toreallybehappy,youneedtounderstandwhatmakesyouhappyinthefirstplace.One

secretofhappinessispeople.Surveyshavefoundthatpeopleneedpeople.Thosewhohavefiveor

moreclosefriendsare50%morelikelytodescribethemselvesas"veryhappy".Goodrelationships

haveafargreatereffectonhappinessthanlargersalary.AndrewOswald,aneconomistat

England'sUniversityofWarwicksays,"Byouarelookingforhappinessinlife,findtheright

husbandorwiferatherthantryingtodoubleyoursalary."

Soinvestyourtimeandenergyinpeople.Therewardismuchbiggerintermsofhappiness!

31．InParagraph1theauthorintendstotellusthe"belief"that

A.weareunhappybecauseweoftenlackmoney

B.peoplecanbuywhattheywantiftheyhaveenoughmon