函授英语练习卷2.docx

函授英语练习卷2.docx

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函授英语练习卷2

南京中医药大学12/13学年

2013-05-29

13级针推专业函授本科英语练习

PartI ReadingComprehension（30%）

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

　　Passage1

　　QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）.Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsof alinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.

　　Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.

　　Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.

　　（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”Theywrote.

1. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

　A.  Cellphoneuseisdangerous.

　B.  Cellphoneusecausescancer.

　C.  Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.

　D.  Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.

2.  DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.

A. herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

B. shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

C. shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity

D. humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

3.  Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______.

A. inthelate1970s     B.between1980and1985

B. inthelate1980s   D.intheearly1990s

4.  Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?

A. Brainactivity.B. Herresearchfindings.

C. Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.D. Herresearchprogress.

5.  Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A. CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHarmful?

B. CellPhoneRadiati0n:

IsItUseful?

C. CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHealthy?

D. CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItWeak?

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:

We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（及时通讯）conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.

　　Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?

Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.

　　（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.

　　Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.

　　Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过量的）schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking.

　　Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage?

　B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?

　C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?

　D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?

7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.

　A.LowspeedB.Toomuchtimealone.

　C.highspeedD.steadyspeed

8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?

A.OvercommittedschedulesB.Toomuchtimealone

C.InabilitytofocusD.Fearofbeingneglected

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.

B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.

C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.

D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment.

10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?

A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.

B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.

C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.

D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals

Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.

　　（80）InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”

　　Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.”

11. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?

A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.

B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.

C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.

D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.

12. Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______.

A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago

C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants

D.theywantenergyindependence

13.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthormainlydiscusses_______.

A.thenuclearaccidentsinJapanlastMarch

B.nuclearpowerpoliciesinGermany

C.G