建筑工程外文文献含翻译.docx

建筑工程外文文献含翻译.docx

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建筑工程外文文献含翻译

外文文献：

Constructionofthecompetitionandcompetitionstrategy

EngineeringandconstructionfirmsfromtheUnitedStatesdominatedtheglobalmarketformanydecadesbutrecentworldeventshavealteredtheirposition.

Toinvestigatethedrivingforcesandtrendsthatwillaffectengineeringandconstructioncompetitioninthenextdecade,aresearchproject,calledthe"AnatomyofConstructionCompetitionintheYear2000",wassponsoredbytheConstructionIndustryInstitute'sConstruc-tion2000TaskForce-Theprojectexaminedthefactorsthataffectcompetitiveness,includingthefollowing,

Theshapingofcorporatecapabilities;verticalintegrationandhorizontalexpansiontoincreasecorporatecapabilitiesandmarketshare,includingacquisitionandmergersbyoffshoreconglomeratesandtheacquisitionofforeignfirmsbyU.S.companies.

Financingoptions;theroleofprivatization,build-own-transferprojects,andthenatureofprojectfinancinginfuturemarkets,

Management,organization,andstructure;futuremanagementandorganizationalapproaches,structures,andtechniquestoattractpersonneltoperforminaglobalcompetitiveenvironment.

Workforcecharacteristics;futureavailabilityofengineeringandconstructionworkersattheprofessionalandcraftlevels.

Technologicalissues:

howtechnologywillaffectcompetitionandbeusedtooffsetworkforceshortages.

ResearchObjectivesandScope

Thisresearchproject'sgoalistocollectinformation,toadapttothe2000andtheengineeringconstructionafteradjustment,formulatestrategiesneededtoprovideinsightandformulate2000engineeringconstructionofpossibledevelopmentplan.Thisstudyreviewedtheprojectconstructionprocessofhistory,currentdevelopmenttrend,todeterminetheimpactoftheindustry,andtheimpetustothefutureindustrialenterprisesarerelatedtoreshapetheability,privatisationandfinancingmethodsofpotentialfunctionandmanagement,organizationstructure,methodsforfuturedevelopmentdirection.

Researchscopeincludesselectedsomeofthecompany,thecompanyhasinterviewedexpertisepersonnel.Thestaffprofessionalwiderange,includingcommercialbuildings,publicbuildings,industrialinfrastructure,infrastructureconstruction,power,lightindustry.Theproductionprocessandspacescience.

Engineeringconstructioncompetitivecharacteristics

Engineeringconstructionofcompetitionbecausethefollowingreasonsinchangefeatures:

Inthe1980s,andplaninthe1990s,theimplementationoftheprojectconstructionareguidedfromcontradictorysituation,tocooperate.

Shouldbeinapositiveviewofthenewcompanytoentertheinternationalmarket,becauseofitsconstructionincreasedglobalcooperationopportunities.Cooperationwillmakeallthepartners,becausetheAmericancompanybenefitcanbefoundinthecountrypartner,likewise,foreigncompaniesopportunitieswillbreakintotheU.S.Market.

Competitivestrategy

Futurestrategy

In2000,thecompanywillstrivetodo:

Providethehighestqualityservice

Canassumeanypartoftheworld

Inordertoreducethesplitgroundandriskcontrol

Outininternationalmarketthemostcompetitiveprice

Inordertoachievetheideal,engineeringconstructionshouldbe:

Increasestaffcapitalinvestment

Theknowledgeandimprovelabortechnologylevel

Havesolidcompletecommunicationsandtransportinfrastructure

Concentrateonkeyresearch,productqualityisguaranteed,fine,andarousetheenthusiasmoftheworkers,improveworkerstechnologylevel.

The21stcenturyisthemainfactorfractalringwillcompeteintheinternationalmarket,includingtheintegrationofproductivity,unionsalarytoabate,reducethepowerindustrymanagementandprivatization.

Americancompanycompetitionability,largelydependsondevelopingandeffectiveuseoftechnicalinnovation.Americancompaniesneednotonlyusethetechnicalinnovation,domesticbyothercountriesoptimizationimprovedtechnology.Inthefuturewillbepopulartechnologyinnovationwillnotsomebigbreakthrough,buttheexistingtechnologycontinuousimprovements.

Britishbuildingscompanyprofile

Intheearly1990s,theheadoftheflexiblebuilderswhodon'tmakeabuilding,butwhatelsecando,makingmanybuildingscompanysufferedaseriousblowtheeconomicdepression,experiencedandexcessiveexpansionofrealestateindustryalso.But,whenhesawthemintherealestateindustry（inthebigmoney,mostoftheminordertodisencumberthebetdownagainintherealestatemarket.

ByAlancosmasindicopleustesundertheleadershipofMr.ShawaienjoyintheoldfieldcompanyMerck'sreputationcanearncashonthebalancesheet,andcankeepthebalance.However,insomeareasoftheworld,thecompanyalsomanadilemma,especiallyintheUnitedStates,thechangefromaLouisianaoilandnaturalgasmarketofrecession,itisespeciallyoutstandinginBritain,thecommercialandindustrialrealestatemarket,thecompanyisfacedwithadifficultsituation,withprofits.Anditalsobecameworse.

Thecompany'sdevelopment,walidUKearly1990sthirdbighousebuilders,probablybecauseLondonsuburbwillhaveacopyfromtheeraofGeorgesellbuildingsofformerprimeministerMargaretthatcherandworld-famous.Thecompany'scharacter,chairmanoftheuniqueLauriewalidfromMrOften"give"ironladypublicsupport.Theapproximatemythologicalblessingthatheseemeddestinedtoenjoy.Infact,thecompanyalsoisdifferent,theinfluenceofthehousingslumpisstronginLaurie,undertheleadershipofthecompanynowrecoveritsstrongertowardsthefinancialstatus.Laurieretiredchargeagainsituation（1991fallafterhisretirementherestoredtothecompanyrecalled）.Asmostofitsbusinesscompetitors,theindustryindifferentmarketalsosufferedaseriousblow,althoughtheslumpin1993,thecompanyisbeginningtoimprovelong-termcreditratingIBCAinstitutionofthefirstbuildingscompanybusinessdevelopmentforawhile.

John,thecompanyisdifferent,haveverygoodtowithstandthelatestworldconstructiondifficulties.Theyhaveabundantcapital,clearlyrecognizedthattheyhavegreatlyreducedthebookvalueoftheasset.Forexample,inearly1990,theyinrealestateinthebankdelimitlost1￡2mvalue.Afterthat,theycutandlabor.Despitetheirhousingsalesstillquitegood,butitsprofitisreduced.Thecompanyisinmostlaiattentionisfamousforitsenvironmentalproblems.

Thestatusandthetowermikecompanywalidspecialformbrightcontrast,in1993,theircreditratingagencyreducedbyIBCA.Thiscompanyinthe1980smosttimetryingtoprovetotheworldthattheyaretheUK'sbiggestbuilders,theinformationbeingunderstanding,andeither,buthopefullyitneverhappened.Theysufferfromcopewithhighgrowthratecuts,tobuildhouses.ButthecompanyisstilltowermikeBritain'sbiggestconstructionandbuildingmaterialsgroupcompany.October1992,theyclosedtherealestatebusiness,andthisisthewillofthesevenbusinesstothree（building,quarryingandresidentialbuilding）partoftheplan.Michaelessien,Somerville,resistanttofly,thegroup'sPresident,inthecompanyafter22yearsinthespringof1992,sitontheseatofthehotass.Peoplethinkthatthehousingproblemofexposure,thispositionhasarrivedatthepoint,whichincludingseveralonacompany'sbalancesheetofthelarge-scalejointenterprise,jointenterprisebusiness,actuallymakescorporationdebtsmachinemore.

TaylorwoodofrealestateindustryrecessionRoyceunpleasantexperiencesembodiedin1992,whentheestateofautumnisDanielPeterHeJisuddenresignation,italsohappensinitspredecessor,Petertrillionresignedafterallshockedbyonlyafewmonths.Home,thenreverse,TaylorwoodRolls-Royceannouncedduetobadmanagement,causedseverelosses.Althoughconstructioncontractingbusinessincreasinglyimportantstatusinarecession,butcompanytwo-thirdsofincomefromthisbusinessis.However,thecompanyhasahugeinvestmentassetssecurities,rentalincomemorethan5year2000millionpounds.Thecompanyhasnolongerconductriskybusinessprojects,atleastuntilthesituationinbetterlater.

EasternEuropeanarchitecturalmarketcompetitionsituationanalysis

Atpresent,theeconomicreformsoftheeasternEurope,thuscausedconfusionoftheseareasofbusinessactivitieswiththeneweconomicsystem.Expertssay,analyzedfromalong-termperspective,usingthemarketeconomicpolicywillbringamorestable,andmorefavorableeconomicenvironment.ThereformofpoliticaleconomyineasternEuropewillbeforthosewhoarewillingtoinvestinthisareaofthecompanytocreatealotofmoneybutmarket.Ifyoukeepthemomentum,beforelong,easternEurope5640billiondollarseachyearfortheconstructionofinternationalconstructionmarketwillbemorethanone-thirdofthemarket.Thisareaisopentotheworldsituationinauguratedanewconstruction.

Theobjectofstudy

Thegoalistoestablishaframework,andinternationalengineeringandconstructioncompanymayformulatefeasiblestrategy,andtoevaluatethe.Theframeworkhasbeenintroducedfortheprojectconstructioncompanyoutsidetheeasternareaintheconstructionbusinessisveryhelpful.Inordertomeasurethemarketopportunitiesandchallenges,wesentthequestionnairesandinterviews,theindividualtoidentifyimportantsuccessfactorsoraspects.Thusillustratesconstructioncompanyindeterminingtheirstrategymustpossessthecharacteristics.Throughtheresearchofstrategicframeworkhasbeensetupinthisareabyanactualconstruction,aninternationalengineeringandconstructioncompanyisconsideringtoundertaketheengineering,totestth