英语词汇在日常生活中对现代汉语的影响学位论文.docx

英语词汇在日常生活中对现代汉语的影响学位论文.docx

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英语词汇在日常生活中对现代汉语的影响学位论文

Abstract

TheChinesemarketisopeningtotheworldcontinuouslyafterthereformandopeningup.ThecultureofChinaisblossomingallovertheworldbutwiththeimpactfromtheforeignculture.Thewordswhichareoftenusedincludealotofforeignwordsindailylife,especiallytheEnglishloan-words.ThesewordsnotonlyenrichtheChinesevocabularybutalsoenhancetheexpressionofChinese.

ThispapermainlyanalyzestheEnglishloan-wordsindailylife.Chinesepeoplebelievethatfoodistheparamountnecessityofthepeople.TheinfluenceoftheEnglishloan-wordsofthedietisthemostextensive.ThedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologycreatestheInformationAge.Becauseoftheextensiverange,theInternetwordsaresopopularamongyoungpeople.Thispaperwilllistaseriesofthedietloan-wordsandtheInternetloan-wordstomakepeopleknowaboutthemdeeply.ThemostimportantpointofthispaperisthattheinfluencingwaysofEnglishvocabularyonChinesevocabulary.Bystudyingtheways,peopleareconvincedoftherulesoftheEnglishloan-wordsbetter.Finally,thepointthatpeopleshouldhaveacorrectattitudetowardsthiskindofsocialphenomenonisputoutbytheanalysisoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisinfluence。

Keywords:

dailylife;Englishloan-words;diet;Internet;influencingway

摘要

改革开放以来，中国市场不断面向世界。

在中国的文化向世界绽放的同时，随之而来的是外来文化对中国文化的冲击。

人们在日常生活中所使用的词汇中夹杂了许多外来词，特别是英语借词。

这些借词丰富了汉语词汇和增强了的汉语词汇的表达能力。

本文主要分析中国人在日常生活中所接触的英语借词。

中国人认为：

民以食为天。

饮食中的英语借词影响的范围是最广泛。

科技的发展，创造了信息时代。

因为覆盖领域宽广，网络词汇在年轻人中非常流行。

本文将会列举一系列的饮食借词和网络借词让人们对这些词汇有更深的了解。

本文的重点是英语词汇对现代汉语词汇的影响方式。

通过研究它们的方式，可以认识到英语借词的规律和它们是如何深刻地影响人们的日常生活。

最后通过分析这种影响的利与弊，提出人们应该用正确的态度对待这种社会现象。

关键词：

日常生活；英语借词；饮食；网络；影响方式

Contents

Abstracti

摘要ii

1.Introduction1

2.LiteratureReview2

3.TheInfluenceofTwoImportantAspects3

3.1TheInternetvocabulary3

3.2Thedietvocabulary4

4.WaysoftheInfluence5

4.1Transliteration5

4.2Freetranslation7

4.2.1Synonymwiththesamepronunciation9

4.2.2Associatedwords9

4.2.3Conversionofwordassociations9

4.3Mixedwords10

5.TheAdvantageandDisadvantageoftheInfluence12

5.1Advantages12

5.2Disadvantages12

6.Conclusion13

References14

Acknowledgements15

1.Introduction

Englishisthemostpopularlanguageallaroundtheworld.Mostofloan-wordsinChinesecomefromEnglishinrecentyears,soalotofpeopleworryaboutthesituationthatEnglishvocabularyinfluencesonChinese.Actually,itisthemostimportantthingtoknowthefunctionoflanguage.Thatiscommunication.SomeEnglishwordswecannotfindthesamemeaninginChinesewords.Atthattime,wealwaysusetheEnglishwordsinourspeechdirectlyormakethemtranslated.Itisconvenienttoexpressmeaningsexactly.ButsometimesitwillbedifficulttocommunicatewithotherswhenweabuseEnglishwordsorEnglishloan-wordsinChinese.Besides,withthesocialdevelopment,moreandmoreloan-wordscomingfromEnglishvocabularyareappearing,especiallythedailywords.Weoftencontactwiththesewordsbutignorethem.Tosumup,byanalyzingtheinfluenceofEnglishvocabularyonChineseindailylife,wecanknowtheadvantageordisadvantageaboutit.Weshouldhavethecriticalattitudetothephenomenon.

2.LiteratureReview

TheinfluenceofEnglishonChineseisresearchedalotinhomestateandalittleinforeigncountries.Forinstance,LingXinxing（2002）researchedtheinfluenceofEnglishonChineseinthePostcolonialContext.HeexploredandanalyzedtheinfluenceofEnglishonstandardChineseandHongKongChineseinmorphologyandsyntax.HeconcludedtheadvantageanddisadvantageofinfluenceofEnglishonChinese.LeiShunhaiandLiuShuhua（2004）studiedtheinfluenceofEnglishonChinesesincethereformandopeningupofChina.Theyanalyzedtheinfluenceofloan-wordsonChinesebyresearchingthedevelopmentofsocialeconomyandculture.GuoHongjie（2005）exploredtheEuropeanizingofChinesegrammaraccordingtothelinguisticandcognitiveapproach.CaoWei（2004）wrotethedefinitionoftheneologism.Heshowedthetypes,characteristics,structuresoftheneologism.Inthesetypes,wecanknowthenewwordsincludingtheloan-words.Sotheloan-wordisnotthesametotheneologism.Thatisthereasonwhytheauthorwrotetheloan-wordspecially.Howeverhedidnotsaywherethewordsthatappearinhiswritingarefrom.InZhaoYanfang（1996）research,itarguedabouttheinfluenceofwesterncultureonmodernChinesevocabulary.ShepointedouthowthemodernChinesevocabularybecamestandardbytheloan-word,includingtheEnglishbutshejustshowedussometransliteratedwords.ChenWanfang（2005）reportedthattheinfluenceoftheEnglish-ChinesetranslationonmodernChinesegrammar.HeresearchedtheEuropeanChinesegrammar.Tosumup,allofthesestudiesdidnotreportdailyloan-wordssomuch.Dailywordsareinterestingandusefultolife,study,andwork.

3.TheInfluenceofTwoImportantAspects

Indailylife,peoplecontactalotwiththeChinesewordsinfluencedbytheEnglishwords,butoftenignorethembecausepeoplethinkitisapartoftheirlives.Itisresultedfromthesocialdevelopment.Inthediet,transportation,entertainment,dailynecessitiesandnetwork,peoplealwayscontactandusesuchwords.DietisthemostimportantthingtoChinesepeople.Thenetworkofmodernsocietyisthemostfrequenttoolusedinentertainment.ThedietvocabularyandnetworkvocabularyfromEnglishvocabularyisshownontheimpactofmodernChinesewhichareverygoodrepresentativeexamples.

3.1TheInternetvocabulary

Withthepopularityofcomputerandnetworkdevelopment,networkwordsappearandbecomepopular.Thisistheinevitablephenomenonwiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Englishloan-wordsonInternetaremoreandmorepopular.Thecomputerisconnectedasawhole,takingthewholeworldintoaglobalvillage.Alargenumberofcomputerwordsappearinpeople’slives,suchas因特网“Internet”,软件“software”and下载“download”.Thereisnodoubtthatmanypopularwordsareappearingonline,suchasBF（boyfriend）,IC（Isee）andCU（seeyou）.Theyareoftenusedbyyoungpeople.

Youngpeopleareactive,sensitive,imitativeandcreative.Theyareeasytoacceptthenewthings,thenoveltyandthevariation,catchingupwiththefashionandpublicpersonality.Languagereflectsthechangeofsocialdevelopment,especiallyactivewitheachpassingdayandpublicityofthenetworklanguage.Alotofloan-wordsofnetworkaredifferentfromtheHannationalitycharacteristicsintheirownformsandcontent.Thesewordsareusedindailylifefrequently.Yimeier伊妹儿whosetransliteratingformisacomputerlanguage“e-mail”.Itmeansthemessageissentoutbythecomputernetwork,alsoknownas“computermail”.Butintheyoungusers,yimeier伊妹儿ismorepopular.

TranslatingbythepronunciationofEnglishwordsismoretraditional,butthenetizenisplayinganewtrick.Thatshowsthehumanpersonality.Forexample,“e-mail”isoftentranslatedintoyimei伊妹儿,whichhasahuman’spersonality.“Fans”istranslatedintofensi粉丝,representingthepersonwhocrazyaboutsomeone.Itreferstoapersonalworship.Moreover,themodemwhichisusedtosurfontheInternet,iscalledshujuji数据机byTaiwanese.Chinesepeople,wholiveinmainland,translateitintotiaozhijietiaoqi调制解调器,butyoungpeoplethinkthemtoohardtoread.Theysimplifythepronunciation.Finallythemodemiscalledmao猫.

Inaddition,theloan-wordsaredividedintotwoparts.Oneisthetransliteration,andtheotheristranslation.Forinstance,“Internet”istranslatedintoyintewang因特网.“Inter”,thetransliteration,istranslatedintoyinte因特,and“net”thetranslation,istranslatedintowang网.

3.2Thedietvocabulary

InRecentyears,alotofforeignrestaurantsdobusinessesinourcountrybecauseoftheeconomicglobalization.Peopleprefertohavedinnerintheserestaurants.McDonald,KFCorotherAmericanstyledrinkingandfoodsaresurroundingus.Atthesametime,theforeignerswouldlovetotakethesedrinkingandfoods.Astheresult,agreatdealofforeignfoodsappearsinChinesemenus.Inordertounderstandconveniently,thesedrinkingandfoodsaretranslatedasfollows:

EnglishWords

TheChinesePronunciation

TheChineseMeaning

Coffee

Kafei

咖啡

Mug

Make

马克

Sundae

Shengdai

圣代

cocoa

keke

可可

Curry

Gali

咖喱

Pudding

Buding

布丁

Vodka

Futejia

伏特加

brandy

bailandi

白兰地

whisky

weishiji

威士忌

champagne

xiangbin

香槟

gin

qinjiu

琴酒

Chocolate

Qiaokeli

巧克力

Besides,therearesomanywesterndrinkingandfoodsinthediet,suchasgreenfood绿色食品,KFC肯德基,McDonald's麦当劳,buffet自助餐,milkshake奶昔,hotdog热狗,cheese奶酪,toast土司,salmon三文鱼,sardines沙丁鱼,paste配司,sirloinsteak西冷牛排,bacon培根,instantcoffee速溶咖啡,ajarofbeer扎啤,sprite雪碧,pepsi百事可乐andsoftdrinks软饮料.Thesewordsarefamiliartomanypeopleindailylifebutarealwaysignored.PeopleevendonotknowthatthesewordsaretranslatedfromEnglishwords.

4.WaysoftheInfluence

4.1Transliteration

Inthelastcentury,therearemanyChinesewordsinfluencedfromEnglish.TheChinesetransliteratingwordsappearfromreformandopening-upofChina.Becauseofbecomingthestrongcountry,theinternationalpositionofEnglishishigherandhigher.Withthedisseminationandintroductionofculture,scienceandtechnology,lotsofChinesetransliteratingwordsenterintothemodernlifeofChina.

Comparedtothegeneraltranslation,transliterationkeepstheoriginalpronunciationbutitdoesnotshowthemeaningoftheoriginallanguage.TransliteratingwordsareusedextensivelyintheprogressofthetranslationofEnglishintoChinese.Itcreatesanewformthat