届河南三门峡人保财险杯高三学生综合能力竞赛英语卷带解析.docx

届河南三门峡人保财险杯高三学生综合能力竞赛英语卷带解析.docx

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届河南三门峡人保财险杯高三学生综合能力竞赛英语卷带解析

绝密★启用前

2013届河南三门峡“人保财险杯”高三学生综合能力竞赛英语卷（带解析）

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一、阅读理解（题型注释）

Oursensesaren'tjustdeliveringastrictviewofwhat’sgoingonintheworld;they'reaffectedbywhat’sgoingoninourheads.Anewstudyfindsthathungrypeopleseefood-relatedwordsmoreclearlythanpeoplewho'vejusteaten.

Psychologistshaveknownfordecadesthatwhat'sgoingoninsideourheadaffectsoursenses.Forexample,poorerchildrenthinkcoinsarelargerthantheyare,andhungrypeoplethinkpicturesoffoodarebrighter.RémiRadelofUniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis,France,wantedtoinvestigatehowthishappens.

Doesithappenrightawayasthebrainreceivessignalsfromtheeyesoralittlelaterasthebrain’shigh-1evelthinkingprocessesgetinvolved.Radelrecruited42studentswithanormalbodymassindex.Onthedayofhisorhertest,eachstudentwastoldtoarriveatthelabatnoonafterthreeorfourhoursofnoteating.Thentheyweretoldtherewasadelay.Someweretoldtocomebackin10minutes;othersweregivenanhourtogetlunchfirst.Sohalfthestudentswerehungrywhentheydidtheexperimentandtheotherhalfhadjusteaten.

Fortheexperiment,theparticipantlookedatacomputerscreen.Onebyone,80wordsflashedonthescreenforaboutl/300thofasecondeach.Theyflashedatsosmallasizethatthestudentscouldonlyconsciouslyperceive.Aquarterofthewordswerefood-related.Aftereachword,eachpersonwasaskedhowbrightthewordwasandaskedtochoosewhichoftwowordsthey’dseen-afood-relatedwordlikecakeoraneutralwordlikeboat.Eachwordappearedtoobrieflyfortheparticipanttoreallyreadit.

Hungrypeoplesawthefood-relatedwordsasbrighterandwerebetteratidentifyingfood-relatedwords.Becausethewordappearedtooquicklyforthemtobereliablyseen,thismeansthatthedifferenceisinperception,notinthinkingprocesses,Radelsays."Thisissomethinggreattome.Humanscanreallyperceivewhattheyneedorwhattheystrivefor.Fromtheexperiment,Iknowthatourbraincanreallybeatthedisposalofourmotivesandneeds."Radelsays.

1、Whywasthereadelayonthedayoftheexperiment?

A．Becausehungrypeopleneededtimetofilltheirstomach.

B．BecauseRadelwantedtocreatetwogroupsoftesters,hungryandnon-hungry.

C．Becausenoonwasnottherighttimeforanyexperiment.

D．BecauseRadelneededtimetoselectparticipantsintermsofbodymassindex.

2、Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

A．Human’ssensesaren’tjustdeliveringastrictviewofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.

B．What’sperceivedbyoursensesaffectsourwayofthinking.

C．Humanbrainscanreallybeatthedisposalofourmotivesandneeds.

D．Thinkingprocessesguaranteethenormalfunctionsofoursenses.

3、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．42participantsaretoosmallanumberforaseriousinvestigation.

B．Anexperimentwithhungryandnon-hungryparticipantsisnotreliable.

C．Ourthinkingprocessesareindependentofoursenses.

D．Humanscanperceivewhattheyneedwithoutinvolvinghigh-levelthinkingprocesses

Tasteissuchasubjectivematterthatwedon’tusuallyconductpreferencetestsforfood.Themostyoucansayaboutanyone’spreferenceisthatit’soneperson’sopinion.Butbecausethetwobigcola companies—Coca-ColaandPepsiColaaremarketedsoaggressively,we’vewonderedhowbigaroletastepreferenceactuallyplaysinbrandloyalty.WesetupatastetestthatchallengedpeoplewhoidentifiedthemselvesaseitherCoca-ColaorPepsifans:

Findyourbrandinablindtasting.

WeinvitedstaffvolunteerswhohadastronglikingforeitherCoca-ColaClassic（传统型）orPepsi,Diet（低糖的）Coke,orDietPepsi.Thesewerepeoplewhothoughtthey’dhavenotroubletellingtheirbrandfromtheotherbrand.

Weeventuallylocated19regularcoladrinkersand27dietcoladrinkers.Thenwefedthemfourunidentifiedsamplesofcolaoneatatime,regularcolasfortheonegroup,dietversionsfortheother.WeaskedthemtotelluswhethereachsamplewasCokeorPepsi;thenweanalyzedtherecordsstatisticallytocomparetheparticipants’choiceswithwhatmereguess-workcouldhaveaccomplished.

Gettingallfoursamplesrightwasatoughtest,butnottootough,wethought,forpeoplewhobelievedtheycouldrecognizetheirbrand.Intheend,only7outof19regularcoladrinkerscorrectlyidentifiedtheirbrandofchoiceinallfourtrials.Thediet-coladrinkersdidalittleworse----only7of27identifiedallfoursamplescorrectly.

Whilebothgroupsdidbetterthanchancewouldpredict,nearlyhalftheparticipantsineachgroupmadethewrongchoicetwoormoretimes.Twopeoplegotallfoursampleswrong.Overall,halftheparticipantsdidaboutaswellonthelastroundoftastingasonthefirst,sotiredness,ortasteburnout,wasnotafactor.OurpreferencetestresultssuggestthatonlyafewPepsiparticipantsandCokefansmayreallybeabletotelltheirfavoritebrandbytasteandprice.

4、Accordingtothepassagethepreferencetestwasconductedinorderto________.

A．showthataperson’sopinionabouttasteismereguess-work

B．comparetheabilityoftheparticipantsinchoosingtheirdrinks

C．findouttheroletastepreferenceplaysinaperson’sdrinking

D．revealwhichcolaismoretothelikingofthedrinkers

5、 Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthefirstparagraphthat________.

A．thecompetitionbetweenthetwocolasisverystrong

B．blindtastingisnecessaryforidentifyingfans

C．thepurposeoftastetestsistopromotethesaleofcolas

D．theimprovementofqualityisthechiefconcernofthetwocolacompanies

6、Theword“burnout”（Line3,Para.5）referstothestateof_________.

A．beingseriouslyburntintheskin

B．beingbadlydamagedbyfire

C．beingunabletofunctionbecauseofexcessiveuse

D．beingunabletoburnforlackoffuel

7、Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.

A．emphasizethattasteandpricearecloselyrelatedtoeachother

B．recommendthatblindtastingbeintroducedinthequalitycontrolofcolas

C．showthattastepreferenceishighlysubjective

D．arguethattastetestingisanimportantmarketingstrategy

Peoplehavebeenpaintingpicturesforatleast30,000years.Theearliestpictureswerepaintedbypeoplewhohuntedanimals.Theyusedtopaintpicturesoftheanimalstheywantedtocatchandkill.PicturesofthiskindhavebeenfoundonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain.Nooneknowswhytheywerepaintedthere.Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthemtocatchtheseanimals.Orperhapshumanbeingshavealwayswantedtotellstoriesaccordingtopictures.

About5,000yearsago,theEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegantousepicturesaskindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresentthingsandideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirlanguage.Thesignsthesepeopleusedbecameakindofalphabet.

　　TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputtingpicturewritingandpicturestogether.Whenanimportantpersondied,scenesandstoriesfromhislifewerepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewasburied.Someofthesepicturesarelikemoderncomicstripstories.IthasbeensaidthatEgyptisthehomeofthecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,picturesstillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnottrytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.Theordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.

　　Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterraneanSeahaddevelopedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyusedwereveryeasytowrite,andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecauseeachsign,orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeksdevelopedthissystemandformedthelettersoftheGreekalphabet.TheRomanscopiedtheidea,andtheRomanalphabetisnowusedallovertheworld.

　　Thesedays,wecanwritedownastory,orrecordinformation,withoutusingpictures.Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:

drawing,photographs,signsanddiagrams.Wefindthemeverywhere:

inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreet,andonthewallsoftheplaceswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandandrememberthingsmoreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteresting.

8、PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpainbecause______.

A．thehunterswantedtoseethepictures

B．thepainterswereanimallovers

C．thepainterswantedtoshowimagination

D．thepictureswerethoughttobehelpful

9、TheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptiansystemforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat______.

A．theformerwaseasytowrite

B．therewerefewersignsintheformer

C．theformerwaseasytopronounce

D．eachsignstoodforonlyonesound

10、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A．TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.

B．TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomicstripstories.

C．TheRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheEgyptianone.

D．TheGreekscopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.

11、Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures______.

A．shouldbemadecomprehensible

B．shouldbemadeinteresting

C．areofmuchuseinourlife

D．havedisappearedfromourlife

Whenshewastwelve,Mariamadeherfirstimportantdecisionaboutthecourseofherlife.Shedecidedthatshewantedtocontinuehereducation.Mostgirlsfrommiddle-classfamilieschosetostayhomeafterprimaryschool,thoughsomeatten