英语语法中的平行结构Word文档下载推荐.doc
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Hewentdowntown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.
例2:
Gunpowderwasdiscoveredinthetwelfthcentury,butnotusedinwarfareuntiltwohundredyearslater.
2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致
Yoursemestergradeisbasednotonlyonhowwellyoudooneachtest,butalsoonhowyouparticipateinclass.
Weoftengotothecountrysideaswellastofactories.
例3:
Iwouldmuchrathergotothecountrysidethanstayhere.
3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致
Somefindswimmingmoreenjoyablethansittingathomereading.
Hewasengagedinwritingaletterratherthanreadingthenewspaper.
4.所连接的句子结构必须一致
Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenandallthatyouhavetoldhim.
Thepurposeoftheresearchhadamoredifferentmeaningforthemthanitdidforus.
二、某些特定的固定结构。
例如:
(1)有些词后要用平行结构。
prefersthtosth
preferdoingsthtodoingsth
prefertodosthratherthandosth
1)Ipreferricetonoodles.
2)IpreferwatchingTVtolisteningtomusic.
3)Hepreferredtodieratherthansurrender.
(2)有些结构中要用平行结构。
would/hadrather/soonerdosomethingthandosomething,would/hadassoondosomethingasdosomething(宁可……也不……)
1)LiuHulansaidshehadratherdiethangiveup.
2)Iwouldassoonstayathomeasgo.
III部分强调句
要强调句子的某一部分,可以把句子的结构改变一下,通常有两种表示强调的句式:
Itis/was…that…结构和What…is/was…结构。
一、Itis/was…that…结构
1.Itis/was…that…结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分
ItwasmymotherthatthrewaneggatMr.Liyesterday.
ItwasMr.Lithatmymotherthrewaneggatyesterday.
2.被强调的部分指人时,可用who或whom
强调主语时,如果指的是人,可以不用that而用who来代替。
强调宾语时,如果指点的是人,可用whom。
1)Itwasthedeanwhowalkedby.
2)ItwasMarywhomtheoldladymissedmost.
3被强调部分指物时,要用that
例如:
ItwasaneggthatmymotherthrewatMr.Liyesterday.
4.被强调部分是状语时,也只能用that,不能用when或where.
ItisduringhissparetimethatJohnhasbeenstudyingacourseinFrench.
Itwasinthehallthatthemayorheldthepressconference.
5.不能用Itis/was…that结构强调动词
强调动词常用do,过去式用did。
1)Theydidstudyveryhardyesterday.
2)Hedoeslookforwardtomakingtheacquaintanceofher.
What…is/was…结构
二、What…is/was…结构常用来强调主语或宾语,在这种结构中,is/was后面是强调的部分。
1)Whathurtsismyleftleg.
2)WhatIlikeisherstyle.