届广东省广州市高三年级二模考试英语试题含详解.docx

届广东省广州市高三年级二模考试英语试题含详解.docx

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届广东省广州市高三年级二模考试英语试题含详解

秘密★启用前试卷类型：

B

2022年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试

（二）

英语

本试卷共10页，满分120分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。

因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号“21”开始。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Likehumans,animalsneedsleeptoo.Abigproblemforanimalsinthewildiskeepingtheirenemies

awaywhiletheysleep.Animalstakecareofthisproblemindifferentways.

Anolislizardsliveinmanyareasincludingtropicalrainforests.Theyoftensleeponleavesattheendoflongbranches.Aleafmightseemlikeastrangebed,butitworkslikeanalarm.Ifahungrysnakewigglesabranch,thelizardwakesupandleapstosafety.

Chimpanzeestaketheirsleepveryseriously.Eachday,achimpanzeebuildsitselfanew,comfortablebedtosleepin.Scientistsbelievechimpanzeescarefullychooseatreethatisstrong,wheretheybuildanestusingbranchesandleaves.

Parrotfishliveamongcoralreefsinoceans.Everynight,parrotfishusuallysleepclosetotherockinshelteredplaces.Someparrotfishgoonestepfurtherbyquicklymakingaslimelayerthatcoverstheirwholebody.Thiscoveringactslikeasleepingbagthatprovidesabarrieragainstdanger.

Bottle-noseddolphinsneedtosleep,buttheyhavetobeontheocean’ssurfacetobreathe.Theyalsoneedtowatchovertheiryoung.Whatdotheydo?

Whilehalfofthedolphin’sbrainsleeps,theotherhalfstaysawake.Afterawhile,thesleepinghalfwakesupwhiletheotherhalfsnoozes.

Sootyternshavethemostamazingsleep.Theynestonislands.Whentheyarenotnesting,theyliveformanyyearsintheskyandonthesea’ssurface.Whenandwherecantheysleep?

Scientistsbelievetheyareabletosleepwhiletheyareflying,stayingoutofthereachofenemies.

21.Whatisthesharedconcernwhenwildanimalssleep?

A.Quietness.B.Timelength.C.Comfort.D.Safety.

22.Whichanimalsneedthemostpreparationbeforesleep?

A.Anolislizards.B.Chimpanzees.C.Parrotfish.D.Sootyterns.

23.Whatdoweknowaboutthesleepinghabitofbottle-noseddolphins?

A.Theysleeponthejob.

B.Theydon’tsleepatall.

C.Theysleepdeepintheocean.

D.Theysleeptheleastofallanimals.

B

AndrewBastawrouswas12whenhefoundouthecouldbarelysee.Hewasthensociallyawkward,failingatschoolandterribleatballgames.

Glassesturnedhislifearound,yetevenasachildhewasawareofhowluckyhewas.BastawrousgrewupintheUK,buthisfamilywouldvisitpoorpartsofEgypt,wherehisparentswerefrom.“Nobodythereworeglasses,butIknewsomepeopleneededthem,”hesays.“Itfelt

incrediblyunfair.At16,IdecidedIwasn’tgoingtofeelguiltyaboutitanymore.”Hedeterminedthereandthentobecomeaneyesurgeon,andhedid.

In2012,heandhiswifemovedwiththeirone-year-oldsontoasmalltown5hours’drivefromNairobi.Theyhadlimitedelectricityandrunningwater.For18months,everytimeBastawrousandhisteamsetuptheir“mobile”eyeclinicinyetanothernewlocation,theyhadtodragheavy,fragile

hospitalequipmentcross-country.Therewasanotherproblem,asonelocaldoctordescribedit,“Wedon’tevenhaveenoughdoctorsandnowyoualsowanteyesurgeons?

That’sprobablyapipedream.”

AllthisconvincedBastawrousthatsomethingfundamentalwasneeded.Sohestartedexploringwaystoreplacehisclinicwithasingle,convenientdevice:

asmartphone.Heco-developedanapp-basedvisualtestthatgathersasmuchinformationastheclassicone,usingsimilarprinciples.Thecriticaldifferenceisthatalmostanyonecancarryitoutafterjustafewminutesoftraining.Bastawrousco-foundedacharitablecompanytodevelopandapplythetechnologymorewidely.Histeamalsodevelopedtechnologiesthatenabledasmartphonecameratotakehospital-gradeimagesofthebackoftheeye.

That’saprettygoodstart,butBastawroushashissightssetskyhigh.“Ifeelwe’reatatippingpointnowwherethisenormousproblemwillbecomeahistoricalthing.That’swhenI’llsleepeasy,”hesays.

24.WhatdroveBastawroustobecomeaneyesurgeon?

A.Hispersonalmisfortune.

B.Hisburningsenseofinjustice.

C.Hisambitiontoturnhislifearound.

D.Hisguiltaboutleavinghishomecountry.

25.WhatcanweinferaboutBastawrous’sfirst18monthsinAfrica?

A.It’shardandproblematic.

B.It’schallengingbutfruitful.

C.It’sadventurousandunrealistic.

D.It’sfundamentalbutinnovative.

26.Bastawrous’sinnovationcanbedescribedas.

A.cheapandconvenienttreatmentsforpatients

B.avirtualandcompletechangefromaclassictest

C.asmartandpopularisedapplicationoftechnology

D.fastandeffectivetrainingsofmedicalprofessionals

27.WhatdoBastawrous’swordsinthelastparagraphshow?

A.Hismodestattitudetohispastachievements.

B.Hisoptimisticviewsonthecureforblindness.

C.Hisstrongbeliefintheeffectsoffuturetechnology.

D.Hisfirmdeterminationtocarryonhischallengingcareer.

C

Feelingoverloadedbyyourto-dolistcancertainlymakeyouunhappy,butnewresearchsuggeststhatmorefreetimemightnotbetheelixirmanyofusdreamitcouldbe.

Inanewstudyreleasedlastweek,researchersanalyzeddatafromtwolarge-scale（大规模）surveysabouthowAmericansspendtheirtime.Together,thesurveysincludedmorethan35,000respondents.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithmorefreetimegenerallyhadhigherlevelsofsubjectivewell-being—butonlyuptoapoint.Peoplewhohadaroundtwohoursoffreetimeadaygenerallyreportedtheyfeltbetterthanthosewhohadlesstime.Butpeoplewhohadfiveor

morehoursoffreetimeadaygenerallysaidtheyfeltworse.Soultimatelythefree-time“sweet

spot”mightbetwotothreehoursperday,thefindingssuggest.

Partoffindingthisseeminglytricky“sweetspot”hastodowithhowpeoplespendtheextratimetheyhave,theresearchersbehindthenewstudyargue.Theyconductedseveralsmalleronlineexperiments.Inonetheyaskedparticipantstoimaginehaving3.5to7freehoursperday.Theywereaskedtoimaginespendingthattimedoing“productive”things（likeexercising）ortoimaginedoing“unproductive”activities（likewatchingTV）.Studyparticipantsbelievedtheirwell-beingwouldsufferiftheyhadalotoffreetimeduringtheday—butonlyiftheyuseditunproductively.Thoughthatexperimentwashypothetical,whichisonelimitationofthenewresearch,it’scertainlyinlinewithotherresearchshowingthatbeinginastateof“flow”canbegoodforpeople’smentalhealth.

Ofcourse,whatfeels“productive”isuptoyou.Manytraditionallyproductiveorpurposefulactivitiescanbeeasyandfun.Engaginginabitoflow-keycardio,likewalkingandjogging,canhelpburnstress.Free-timeactivitieslikereadingorcookingarealsoknowntoputpeopleinastateofflow.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elixir”inparagraph1referto?

A.Magicsolution.

B.Physicalpower.

C.Psychologicaltest.

D.Relaxedatmosphere.

29.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?

A.Bydoinglarge-scaleonlinesurveys.

B.Bygivinginterviewsandmentaltests.

C.Bycomparingrespondents’backgrounds.

D.Byconductingexperimentsandanalyzingdata.

30.Whatisadistinctfindingofthenewresearch?

A.Doingunproductivethingsleadstounhappiness.

B.Beinginastateofflowbenefitspeople’smentalhealth.

C.Man’swell-beingispositivelyrelatedtothefreetimetheyhave.

D.Howpeoplespendtheirfreetimeaffectstheirsenseofwell-being.

31.Whatisthefocusofthelastparagraph?

A.Theimportanceofburningstress.

B.Easyandfunactivitiestokilltime.

C.Furtherexplanationofbeingproductive.

D.Thebenefitsofengaginginfree-timeactivities.

D

Evenwhencommuningwithnaturewedependontechnologyforhelp—butthen,sodidThoreau（梭罗）atWaldenPond（瓦尔登湖）.

Walkinginthesamewoodsyesterday,Iletmyselfwanderatrandom,communingwithnature.

Itookinbeautifulscenerynearandfarthankstomyprogressive-lenseyeglasses.OccasionallyI’dpulloutmysmartphonetotakepicturesonanythinginteresting.Irecordedaninnermonologuewithabackgroundofallsoundsoftheforest.Attimes,Iconsultedmysmartwatchtocheckonmyheartbeat,mileageandcalorieburn.EventuallyIrealizedIwasquitelost.Notaproblemofcourse.Onlinemapscametomyrescue.

Butsomethingbotheredme.InwhatI’dintendedasanatureexperience,hereIwasusingveryhightechnologytohelpmyselfout.Thisinsighttriggeredareconsiderationofeverythingthathappenedduringmy“naturewalk,”whichhadbeentechnologicallyenhancedeverystepoftheway.I’dbeenfunctioningasaman-machinecombination:

acyborg.

WhatwouldthetruenaturalistThoreauthinkofthat?

Myfirstthoughtwasthathe’dbeshocked.ButlaterIdidsomeresearch.Thoreauenjoyedwhathisspyglassdiscovered,likethiseaglefromhisjournal:

Lyingonthegroundwithmyglass,Icouldwatchhimveryeasily…tillIalmostlosthimintheclouds…IthinkIhavegottheworthofmyglassnowthatithasrevealedtomethewhite-headedeagle.

Famously,Thoreaualwayssetoutequippedwithawalkingstick,whichheusednotonlyforsupportbutalsototakemeasurementsofwaterandsnowlevels.Hishatwasalsoatool,whichhecalledhis“botany-box.”Andhewaspreparedevenwithneedlesandthread,sowhencomingoutofthewoods,hewas“thebestdressed.”Clearly,Thoreauwasabitofacyborghimself.

Thinkingmoredeeply,I